Oxygen in Sintering

1. Operation Conditions of Iron Ore Sintering Process Combined with
Oxygen Enrichment and Exhaust Gas Recirculation System
Hidetoshi NODA, Noboru SAKAMOTO,
Koichi ICHIKAWA,
Satoshi MACHIDAand Shoichi ROKUGAWA
Synopsis : An advanced sintering process was proposed on the basis of mathematical models and was verified by pot tests . This process is characterized
by combining exhaust gas recirculation with oxygen enrichment in order to meet the future environmental regulations as well as to keep the
productivity. The main results obtained are as follows :
( 1 ) The models clarify that the introduction of the oxygen enrichment in the first half and the exhaust gas recirculation in the latter half
of the sintering process gives better coke combustion rate and sinter quality than other possible alignments .
( 2 ) The models also show that with the constant O2 quantity provided, the concentrated O2 supply in a short time helps reduce the sinter-
ing time because of the balance between combustion rate and cooling rate of the sinter bed .
( 3 ) The pot test results were in good agreement with the models. The suitable O2 content of 28•`30% and O2 injection time of 2•`3 min
were consequently obtained.
( 4 ) The proposed process did not cause the deterioration of sinter qualities such as reducibility although the change in O2 content would
affect the occurrence of hematite/magnetite phase in sinter microstructures .
Key words : sintering process; oxygen enrichment; exhaust gas recirculation; iron are sinter; productivity; sinter qualities; coke combustion; mathematical
model.
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•½•¬ 12”N 8ŒŽ 31“ú Žó •t•@ •½ •¬ 13”N 1ŒŽ 30“ú Žó —• (Received on Aug. 31, 2000; Accepted on Jan. 30, 2001)
* NKK‘• •‡ •Þ—¿Z•p Œ¤ •Š (Materials & Processing Research Center, NKK Corp., 1 Kokan-cho Fukuyama 721-8510)
‹ ‹†
*2NKK‘• •‡•Þ—¿Z•p Œ¤ •Š(Œ»:•|
‹ ‹† ŠÇƒhƒ‰ ƒ€(Š”)) (Materials & Processing Research Center,NKK Corp., now Kokan Drum Co., Ltd.)
101

2. Fig. 1. Mass transfer model in a quasi-particle.
102

3. Fig. 2. Temperature distribution in sintering bed evaluated by the simulation model.
Case 1 : Oxygen and exhaust gas are mixed before injection
Case 2: Oxygen injection before exhaust gas recycling
Case 3: Exhaust gas recycling before oxygen injection
Fig. 3. Typical sintering processes supposing oxygen en-
richment and exhaust gas recirculation.
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103

4. Fig. 4. Simulation results showing influence of injection gas conditions on the sintering process.
104

5. Fig. 5. Experimental apparatus for the sintering test.
Table 1. Raw material conditions of pot tests and target
CaO/SiO2 and SiO2 of sinter products.
Fig. 6. Effect of O, content on characteristics of the sinter-
ing process.
Fig. 7. Influence of O2 content on JIS-RI, RDI and FeO of
sinter products.
105

6. Fig. 10. Mineral composition and porosity of the sinter
structures measured by an image analyzer.
(a) Base(02=21vol%) (b) 02=35vo1% (c) 02=11vo1%
Fig. 8. Effect of 0, content in injection gas on the exhaust
gas composition.
Fig. 11. Effect of 0, content on Flame Front Speed ob-
tained from the pot tests.
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106

7. Fig. 12. Effect of 02 content on the holding time above
1100•Ž.
Fig. 13. Comparison of simulation results on coke com-
bustion time under a constant oxygen enrichment
condition.
107

8. Fig. 14. Pot test conditions under a constant amount of in-
jecting oxygen.
Fig. 15. Influence of oxygen enrichment conditions on the
sintering time and productivity at pot test.
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