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SIGNAL  TRANSDUCTION Marigold D.R. Majarucon-Ferrolino, M.D.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object]
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TWO GENERAL KINDS OF CELL RECEPTORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
CHARACTERISTICS OF RECEPTOR PROTEINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TYPES OF SIGNALING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
CLASSIFICATION OF HORMONES BASED ON SOLUBILITY AND RECEPTOR LOCATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CLASSIFICATION OF HORMONES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MAJOR CLASSES OF CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
SECOND MESSENGERS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OTHER INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PROTEINS IN SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PROTEINS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MAJOR INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING MECHANISMS
SIGNALING VIA G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS (GPCR) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
G-PROTEIN –COUPLED RECEPTOR
 
 
G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MAJOR PATHWAYS TO GENERATE SECOND MESSENGERS
CYCLIC AMP (cAMP) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLSIM REGULATION BY cAMP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PHOSPHOINOSITIDES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
TWO BRANCHES OF INOSITOL PHOSPHOLIPID PATHWAY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
SIGNALING BY RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES AND RAS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE (RTK) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
KEY LINKS OF RAS TO RTK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CYCLING OF RAS BETWEEN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE FORMS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
ACTIVATION OF RAS FOLLOWING BINDING OF LIGAND TO RTK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
SIGNALING BY MAP KINASE PATHWAY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CASCADE OF PROTEIN KINASES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
SIGNALING FROM PLASMA MEMBRANE TO NUCLEUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CREB links cAMP to Transcription ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
MAP KINASES REGULATE TRANSCRIPTION ,[object Object],[object Object]
NF-kß TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
THANK YOU!

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Signal Transduction Revised