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1. Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
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or
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Managerial Accounting
EMB 103
Answer any five questions
Q. 1) What is a profit and loss account? Give example of a horizontal and a vertical form of
presentation of profit and loss account.
Answer:Anincome statement(USEnglish) orprofit andlossaccount(also referred to as a profit and
loss statement (P&L), statement of profit or loss, revenue statement, statement of financial
performance, earnings statement, operating statement, or statement of operations) is one of the
financial statements of a company and shows the company’s revenues and expenses during a
particular period. It indicates how the revenues (money received from the sale of products and
services before expenses are taken out, also known
Q. 2) Explain the tools of financial analysis.
Answer:Since there isrecurringneed to evaluate the past performance, present financial position,
the positionof liquidityandtoassistinforecastingthe future prospects of the organization, various
financial statementsare tobe examinedinorderthatthe forecastonthe earningsmaybe made and
the progress of the company be ascertained.
The financial statementsare:Income statement,balance sheet,statementof earnings,statement of
changes in financial position and the cash flow
Q. 3) Give a broad classification of ratios.
Answer:In analyzing Financial Statements for the purpose of granting credit Ratios can be broadly
classified into three categories.
 Liquidity Ratios
 Efficiency Ratios
 Profitability Ratios
Liquidity Ratios:Liquidity Ratios are ratios that

2. Q. 4) Explain, the direct and indirect method of presenting a cash flow statement. Differentiate
between a fund flow statement and a cash flow statement
Answer:
Q. 5) Bring out the importance as well as the limitations of a cash flow statement give the Format
for Cash Flow Statement
Answer:The statementof cash flows is one of the financial statements investors rely on to gauge a
company's financial strength. Strong cash flow puts the company in a good position to expand its
business, investinnewprojectsand make dividend payments to shareholders. A company has two
choicesforhowit preparesitscash flow statement: the direct method and indirect method. Of the
two methods, the direct method is the
Q. 6) What are the factors taken into consideration in estimation of working capital requirement?
Answer:Workingcapital (abbreviatedWC) isafinancial metric which represents operating liquidity
available toabusiness,organizationorotherentity,includinggovernmentalentity.Along with fixed
assetssuchas plantandequipment,working capital is considered a part of operating capital. Gross
working capital equals to current assets. Working capital is calculated as current assets minus
current liabilities. If current assets are less than current liabilities, an entity has a working capital
deficiency, also called a working capital deficit.
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