The document provides an overview of zoos, their purposes, types, and features. It categorizes zoos into traditional zoos, roadside zoos, petting zoos, safari parks, aquariums, and aviaries, detailing their roles in conservation, education, and entertainment. Each type of zoo has distinct characteristics, such as the size, animal variety, and focus on visitor interaction or welfare.

1. Zoo and its
types.
Submitted by: 2K19-AV-08, 13, 14, 15, 22, 29, 50, 71, 86,
87, 100, 103, 108.
ZOOL-501

2. Definition of ZOO
"A zoological garden, zoological park, menagerie, or zoo is a facility in which
animals are confined within enclosures, displayed to the public, and in which
they may also be bred."

3. Purpose of Zoos
zoos serve multiple purposes, Including:
Conservation: Zoos play a vital role in the
conservation of endangered species by b
reeding programs and preservation
efforts to ensure their survival.
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4. Education: Zoos educate the public about
wildlife, ecosystems, and conservation
issues, fostering a greater understanding
and appreciation for the natural world.

Research: Zoos conduct scientific research
on animal behavior, health, genetics, and
ecology, contributing valuable data to the
broader scientific community and
conservation efforts.
Recreation: Zoos provide recreational
opportunities for visitors to observe and
learn about a diverse range of animals in a
controlled and safe environment,
promoting a connection with nature and
wildlife.

5. Types of Zoos
Traditional
Zoos
Roadside Zoos
Petting Zoos
Safari Parks
Aquariums
Aviaries

6. Traditional Zoo
A traditional zoo, like the San Diego Zoo, typically
features a wide array of animals from various regions
of the world, showcased in enclosures designed to
mimic their natural habitats as closely as possible.
These zoos often prioritize conservation, education,
and research alongside visitor enjoyment.
The San Diego Zoo, located in California, USA, is one of
the most famous examples of a traditional zoo. It
spans over 100 acres and houses over 3,700 animals
representing more than 650 species and subspecies. The
zoo is renowned for its efforts in animal conservation,
breeding programs, and habitat preservation.

7. Features of Traditional Zoo
Animal Exhibits: Various enclosures or habitats where
animals are kept for public viewing.
Education Programs: Often include informational signs,
guided tours, and educational talks to teach visitors about
different species.
Conservation Efforts: Many traditional zoos participate in
conservation programs to protect endangered species
and their habitats.
Interactive Experiences: Some zoos offer interactive
experiences like feeding sessions or animal encounters.
Facilities: Amenities such as restrooms, food stalls, gift
shops, and picnic areas for visitors' convenience.
Research: Many zoos engage in scientific research to
better understand animal behavior, reproduction, and
health.
Entertainment: Some zoos feature additional attractions
like rides, shows, or playgrounds to enhance the visitor
experience.

8. Bronx Zoo Animals
African Painted Dog Aldabra Tortoise American Bison Caribbean Flamingo
Nubian Ibex Pygmy Marmoset Poison Dart Frog Komodo Dragon

9. Roadside
Zoos
Roadside zoos, often called "roadside
attractions" or "zoos," are small, private
facilities that exhibit animals to the public,
usually for profit. These establishments are
typically characterized by their limited space,
lack of proper accreditation, and sometimes
questionable animal welfare standards. Unlike
accredited zoos, roadside zoos may not adhere
to strict regulations regarding animal care,
safety, and conservation. Examples include the
now-closed Tiger King Park in Oklahoma,
criticized for its treatment of big cats, and
various small, privately-owned zoos found
along highways and tourist routes around the
world.

10. Features of Roadside zoo
Small Size: They are usually smaller in scale compared to traditional zoos,
often lacking the space and resources to properly house animals.
Limited Variety: They may have a limited variety of animals, often focusing
on more common or exotic species that draw visitors' attention.
Close Encounters: Visitors may have closer interaction with the animals,
sometimes through feeding or petting sessions, due to the smaller size of
the facility.
Lack of Enrichment: They may lack proper enrichment for the animals, such
as natural habitats or mental stimulation, leading to boredom and stress
for the animals.
Commercial Focus: Many roadside zoos prioritize profit over animal welfare,
leading to inadequate care, cramped living conditions, and sometimes even
neglect or abuse.
Minimal Regulation: Some roadside zoos operate with minimal regulatory
oversight compared to accredited zoos, which can result in substandard
living conditions for the animals.
Educational Deficiency: While some roadside zoos may provide educational
information about the animals, others may focus more on entertainment
value rather than conservation or education.

11. Animals at Black Hills Reptile
Gardens:

12. Petting Zoos
Petting zoos are interactive animal exhibits where
visitors can touch, feed, and sometimes even
interact closely with the animals. One example is a
farm-based petting zoo, where visitors can get up
close and personal with various farm animals such
as goats, sheep, chickens, ducks, pigs, and
sometimes even cows or horses. These zoos often
provide opportunities for visitors to feed the
animals, learn about their care, and sometimes
participate in activities like milking a cow or
collecting eggs from chickens. The emphasis is on
hands-on learning and fostering a connection
between people and animals in a safe and
supervised environment.

13. Features of Petting Zoo
Animals: Petting zoos usually include gentle and docile animals such as goats, sheep,
rabbits, chickens, ducks, pigs, and sometimes ponies or donkeys. These animals are chosen
for their suitability for interaction with visitors, especially children.
Interactive Experience: Unlike traditional zoos where animals are often viewed from a
distance, petting zoos offer a hands-on experience, allowing visitors to touch, feed, and
sometimes even hold or pet the animals under supervision.
Education: Petting zoos often aim to educate visitors, especially children, about farm life,
animal care, and the importance of respecting animals. This educational aspect is often
woven into the experience through signage, demonstrations, and sometimes guided tours.

14. CONTINUE...
Safety Measures: Due to the close contact between animals
and visitors, petting zoos typically have safety measures in
place to protect both the animals and the visitors. These
may include hand-washing stations, rules about gentle
handling of animals, and sometimes barriers or fencing to
prevent accidents.
Entertainment: Petting zoos provide entertainment for
visitors of all ages, offering a fun and memorable
experience that can include activities like feeding animals,
pony rides, and sometimes even small shows or
demonstrations featuring the animals.
Overall, petting zoos offer a unique blend of education,
entertainment, and hands-on interaction with animals,
making them popular attractions for families, school
groups, and animal lovers alike.

15. Animals at Petting Zoo

16. Safari Parks
Safari parks are vast wildlife reserves where
visitors can observe animals in semi-natural
habitats from the safety of vehicles or guided
tours. These parks aim to replicate the
experience of an African safari, allowing
people to see animals like lions, elephants,
and giraffes in a setting resembling their
natural environment. For example, the
Kruger National Park in South Africa spans
nearly 20,000 square kilometers and is home
to diverse wildlife, offering visitors the
chance to spot the "Big Five" (lion, leopard,
rhinoceros, elephant, and Cape buffalo) along
with numerous other species in their natural
habitat.

17. Features of Safari Park
Open Spaces: Safari parks typically have large expanses of land designed
to mimic the natural habitats of the animals. This means visitors can see
animals roaming freely, often in herds or family groups.
Drive-Through Experience: Many safari parks offer visitors the
opportunity to drive through designated areas where animals roam
freely. This allows for a closer and more immersive experience
compared to viewing animals from a distance.
Animal Diversity: Safari parks often boast a wide range of species,
including large mammals like lions, elephants, giraffes, rhinos, and
zebras, as well as smaller animals like monkeys, birds, and reptiles.
Educational Programs: Safari parks often provide educational
programs and guided tours to teach visitors about the animals, their
habitats, conservation efforts, and the importance of wildlife
preservation.

18. Conservation Focus: Many safari parks have a strong focus on conservation and
actively participate in breeding programs for endangered species, research
initiatives, and habitat preservation efforts.
Interactive Experiences: Some safari parks offer additional experiences such as
feeding sessions, behind-the-scenes tours, or even opportunities to interact
with certain animals under the supervision of trained staff.
Facilities: Safari parks typically offer facilities such as restaurants, gift shops,
picnic areas, and sometimes even lodging options for visitors who wish to stay
overnight.
Overall, safari parks provide an exciting and educational way for visitors to
connect with wildlife and learn about the importance of conservation.
CONTINUE....

19. Animals at Safari Parks

20. Aquariums
An aquarium is a facility that houses aquatic animals and plants
for public viewing, education, and research purposes. These
facilities can range from small, privately-owned tanks to large
public aquariums featuring extensive exhibits.
Examples of well-known aquariums include:
Monterey Bay Aquarium (California, USA): Known for its focus on
marine conservation, the Monterey Bay Aquarium features a
wide variety of exhibits showcasing the diverse marine life
found in the waters of the Monterey Bay area.
The Georgia Aquarium (Georgia, USA): One of the largest
aquariums in the world, the Georgia Aquarium is home to
thousands of animals representing hundreds of species. It
features exhibits such as Ocean Voyager, which houses whale
sharks, and the Cold Water Quest, showcasing animals from
polar regions.
Aquarium of the Pacific (California, USA): Located in Long Beach,
the Aquarium of the Pacific highlights the diverse marine life of
the Pacific Ocean. It features exhibits such as the Tropical Pacific
Gallery, Southern California/Baja Gallery, and the Shark Lagoon.

21. Features of Aquarium
Tank: The primary structure where aquatic life is housed. Tanks come in various shapes, sizes, and materials like glass or
acrylic.
Filtration System: Essential for maintaining water quality by removing debris, chemicals, and biological waste. It includes
mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration.
Substrate: The material covering the tank bottom, which can be sand, gravel, or specialized substrates for planted tanks. It
provides anchorage for plants and a surface for beneficial bacteria.
Water Conditioners: Chemical additives to adjust water parameters such as pH, hardness, and chlorine/chloramine levels to
create a suitable environment for aquatic life
Aquascaping: The art of arranging aquatic plants, rocks, and decorations to create visually appealing underwater
landscapes.
Livestock: Fish, invertebrates, and plants are the living components of an aquarium, carefully selected based on
compatibility, size, and water requirements.
Maintenance Equipment: Tools like siphons, algae scrapers, and water testing kits are necessary for routine cleaning, water
changes, and monitoring water parameters.
Aquarium Stand: Provides support for the tank and houses equipment, ensuring stability and safety.
Water Testing: Regular testing for parameters like pH, ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels helps maintain a healthy
environment for aquatic life.
Aquarium Controller: Advanced systems that automate and monitor various parameters like temperature, lighting, and
water quality, offering convenience and precision in aquarium management.

22. Aquarium

23. Aviaries
An aviary is a large enclosure for confining birds,
often for the purpose of displaying them to the public
or for breeding. Examples include:
Zoo aviaries: Found in zoos worldwide, these aviaries
house a variety of bird species, allowing visitors to
observe them up close.
Bird sanctuaries: Aviaries in bird sanctuaries provide
a safe environment for rescued or rehabilitated
birds.
Private aviaries: Some individuals maintain aviaries in
their homes or on their properties to house pet birds
or for breeding purposes.
Botanical garden aviaries: These aviaries are often
integrated into botanical gardens, offering visitors
a chance to see birds amidst lush greenery and exotic
plants.

24. Features of Aviaries
Size and Structure: Aviaries can vary in size from small backyard
enclosures to large zoo exhibits. The structure is usually made
of wire mesh or netting supported by a framework of poles or
metal beams.
Perches and Roosting Areas: Aviaries contain various types of
perches and roosting areas to accommodate different bird
species. These may include natural branches, wooden poles, or
artificial structures.
Nesting Areas: Many aviaries incorporate nesting boxes,
platforms, or other structures to provide birds with places to
breed and raise their young.
Vegetation and Landscaping: Aviaries often include vegetation
such as trees, shrubs, and grasses to create a naturalistic
environment for the birds. This vegetation can also provide food
and shelter for the birds and encourage natural behaviors.
Water Features: Some aviaries have ponds, streams, or other
water features to provide birds with opportunities for bathing
and drinking. These water sources can also support aquatic
plants and wildlife.

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Enrichment: Aviaries may include various forms of enrichment to keep
the birds mentally and physically stimulated. This could include toys,
puzzles, perches of different heights and textures, and opportunities
for foraging.
Environmental Controls: Aviaries often have systems in place to
control temperature, humidity, and airflow to create a comfortable
and healthy environment for the birds.
Security: Aviaries are designed to keep the birds inside and predators
out. This may involve secure doors, locks, and other measures to
prevent escapes and protect the birds from harm.
Accessibility: Larger aviaries may include pathways or viewing areas
for visitors to observe the birds without disturbing them. Interpretive
signs and educational displays may also be incorporated to provide
information about the birds and their habitat.
Maintenance Access: Aviaries are designed to allow easy access for
cleaning, feeding, and maintenance tasks. This may include doors, gates,
or removable panels that allow keepers to enter the enclosure safely.

26. Birds at Aviaries

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