The document summarizes several crises between 1905-1914 in Europe that increased tensions and contributed to the outbreak of World War 1. These include: (1) The First Moroccan Crisis of 1905 where Germany challenged French influence in Morocco, causing international tensions. (2) The Bosnian Crisis of 1908 led to Serbia challenging Austria's annexation of Bosnia and Russia backing Serbia, bringing Europe close to war. (3) The Second Moroccan Crisis of 1911 again pitted France against Germany in Morocco and further increased German resentment. (4) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo in 1914 by Serbian nationalists provided the spark that led Austria to issue
Manchurian Crisis. On September 18, 1931, an explosion destroyed a section of railway track near the city of Mukden. The Japanese, who owned the railway, blamed Chinese nationalists for the incident and used the opportunity to retaliate and invade Manchuria.
International peace collapsed by 1939 due to the failures of the treaties ending World War 1 and the League of Nations in the 1930s. The treaties imposed harsh terms on Germany, fueling resentment. Germany, Italy, and Japan increasingly remilitarized in violation of treaty terms while Britain and France failed to respond effectively through the League. Hitler pursued aggressive foreign policies including remilitarization of the Rhineland, annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia, and signing a pact with the Soviet Union. Britain and France pursued a failed policy of appeasement until invading German troops ignited World War 2 with the invasion of Poland in 1939.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: THE GREEN REVOLUTIONGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: THE GREEN REVOLUTION. It contains: green revolution, Norman Bourlag, green revolution in Mexico, India, Brazil, Philippines. Effects on food security, Malthusian criticism, the environmental impact.
History - problems of the german weimar government 1919 1923 (from bbc history)teacher xin
The Weimar Republic faced significant opposition and instability from 1919-1923 due to several factors:
1) Economic hardship and the harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles led to widespread unrest and uprisings.
2) Violent opposition groups like Freikorps private armies and communist rebels staged numerous uprisings.
3) Right-wing terrorists assassinated over 350 politicians, weakening the government.
4) Events like the Kapp Putsch and hyperinflation crisis of 1923 further undermined the Weimar Republic.
The document summarizes several crises between 1905-1914 in Europe that increased tensions and contributed to the outbreak of World War 1. These include: (1) The First Moroccan Crisis of 1905 where Germany challenged French influence in Morocco, causing international tensions. (2) The Bosnian Crisis of 1908 led to Serbia challenging Austria's annexation of Bosnia and Russia backing Serbia, bringing Europe close to war. (3) The Second Moroccan Crisis of 1911 again pitted France against Germany in Morocco and further increased German resentment. (4) The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo in 1914 by Serbian nationalists provided the spark that led Austria to issue
Manchurian Crisis. On September 18, 1931, an explosion destroyed a section of railway track near the city of Mukden. The Japanese, who owned the railway, blamed Chinese nationalists for the incident and used the opportunity to retaliate and invade Manchuria.
International peace collapsed by 1939 due to the failures of the treaties ending World War 1 and the League of Nations in the 1930s. The treaties imposed harsh terms on Germany, fueling resentment. Germany, Italy, and Japan increasingly remilitarized in violation of treaty terms while Britain and France failed to respond effectively through the League. Hitler pursued aggressive foreign policies including remilitarization of the Rhineland, annexation of Austria and Czechoslovakia, and signing a pact with the Soviet Union. Britain and France pursued a failed policy of appeasement until invading German troops ignited World War 2 with the invasion of Poland in 1939.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: THE GREEN REVOLUTIONGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: THE GREEN REVOLUTION. It contains: green revolution, Norman Bourlag, green revolution in Mexico, India, Brazil, Philippines. Effects on food security, Malthusian criticism, the environmental impact.
History - problems of the german weimar government 1919 1923 (from bbc history)teacher xin
The Weimar Republic faced significant opposition and instability from 1919-1923 due to several factors:
1) Economic hardship and the harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles led to widespread unrest and uprisings.
2) Violent opposition groups like Freikorps private armies and communist rebels staged numerous uprisings.
3) Right-wing terrorists assassinated over 350 politicians, weakening the government.
4) Events like the Kapp Putsch and hyperinflation crisis of 1923 further undermined the Weimar Republic.
After Germany's defeat in WWI, the country suffered greatly from losing territory, natural resources, and lives. The Treaty of Versailles further crippled Germany by imposing massive reparations and limiting its military. This led to economic depression, hyperinflation, and widespread unemployment. Into this turmoil stepped Adolf Hitler, who blamed Jews and the treaty for Germany's problems and rose to power as Chancellor in 1933. He established a Nazi dictatorship and began rebuilding Germany's military in violation of the treaty, marking the beginning of World War II.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.
The document discusses the origins and escalation of tensions during the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It provides background on the Yalta and Potsdam conferences where the Allied powers discussed post-war plans. At these meetings, disagreements started to emerge between the US and USSR over the occupation and control of Eastern Europe. The document also describes how Stalin solidified communist control over Eastern European countries and established what Winston Churchill called the "Iron Curtain." This increased tensions further and led to responses from the US like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan to contain the spread of communism. The Berlin Blockade by the Soviet Union in 1948, and the Western Allied Berlin Airlift in response, marked a major escal
The Berlin Wall was built in 1961 to prevent East Berliners from escaping to West Berlin. It divided the city until 1989. The wall was prompted by the large number of people fleeing from East to West Berlin each month for greater prosperity. It cut through neighborhoods and separated families. Over its 28-year existence, 192 people died trying to cross the wall illegally. The wall fell in 1989 amid reforms in the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev that weakened East Germany.
The Politics of Sectionalism Slideshow Chapter 14msross9
This document is from a history textbook about the United States and contains a chapter about the politics of sectionalism from 1846 to 1861. It discusses the contentious issue of slavery in the territories, the rise of the Republican party due to opposition to slavery's expansion, and how the election of Abraham Lincoln alarmed Southerners and contributed to the road toward disunion and the Civil War. The chapter contains sections on these topics as well as the Compromise of 1850 and its aftermath.
The document provides an overview of Chapter 13 which discusses World War I from 1914-1918. It covers the causes of the war including nationalism, imperialism, and militarism which helped propel Europe into war. It then discusses the key events of the war, including the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 that triggered Austria-Hungary's declaration of war on Serbia and aligned countries taking sides in the war. The effects of the war are also mentioned. The chapter aims to explain what caused WWI and discuss the strategies and effects of the major global war.
The document provides background information on the events leading up to America's entry into World War II. It discusses the aftermath of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles which led to resentment in Germany. It outlines Italy's invasion of Ethiopia in 1935 and the Spanish Civil War from 1936-1939. It also discusses America's policy of neutrality in the 1930s as well as Japan's expansionism. Key events covered include Germany's rearmament under Hitler, the Munich Agreement of 1938, and Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939 which marked the start of WWII. The document concludes with an overview of key events in Europe and North Africa from 1939-1945.
This Presentation is about role of Media in Crisis & Disaster? What are the duties of a media person in crisis? How Indian media covered various Disaster and Crisis in India ?
The document summarizes the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo in 1914 by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand secret Serbian terrorist organization. Princip shot and killed Ferdinand and his wife after an earlier assassination attempt by another Black Hand member failed. This sparked World War I after Austria-Hungary demanded Serbia cooperate in the investigation and Serbia did not fully comply, leading Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia.
Nazi Germany - stimulating economic recoverymrmarr
The Nazis prioritized rebuilding Germany's economy when they came to power in 1933. They launched public works programs to reduce unemployment, which had reached around 6 million. They also forced some groups, like Jews and women, out of the workforce. These policies led to a quick reduction in unemployment, falling to under 4 million by the end of 1933. Overall, economic indicators like wages and GDP improved during the Nazis' early years in power. However, this growth masked ongoing problems and did not benefit all groups equally, with industrial workers seeing bigger wage gains than other parts of society.
The rise of dictators in Europe and Asia led to World War II. Adolf Hitler became the fascist dictator of Germany after being appointed chancellor in 1933. He established a totalitarian regime and rapidly rebuilt Germany's military in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. In the 1930s, Germany invaded countries in Europe and Japan invaded Manchuria and China, demonstrating growing aggression. The League of Nations proved unable to stop these acts of expansionism. The world moved closer to a second world war as the militaristic dictatorships of Germany and Japan continued to defy international law and threaten other nations.
1) Italy wanted to build an empire to secure resources due to the Great Depression, and Mussolini wanted to revive Rome's glory.
2) There was a border dispute between Abyssinia and Italian Somaliland which led to a small skirmish. Mussolini demanded an apology and threatened invasion.
3) In 1935, a League commission suggested giving part of Abyssinia to Italy, but Mussolini rejected the plan and invaded later that year using tanks and flamethrowers. The League imposed weak sanctions but did not cut off crucial oil.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TOURISM - ECOTOURISM ULURU AUSTRALIA AND GOAT ISLAND NEW ZEA...George Dumitrache
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TOURISM - CASE STUDY ECOTOURISM IN ULURU, AUSTRALIA. It contains: sustainable development, the ecotourism, how to be sustainable, popularity of ecotourism, case study: Uluru, Australia. Goat Island, New Zealand.
The 1920s saw many tensions and conflicts in American society. There were clashes between rural and urban Americans, prohibition supporters and opponents, and religious fundamentalists and modernists. Racial tensions were high, as the second Klan gained popularity and immigration restrictions targeted certain groups. However, the Harlem Renaissance also flourished as black artists and intellectuals celebrated their culture.
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY REVISION 2 - LEAGUE OF NATIONSGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY REVISION 2 - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. A presentation of the main aspects of the League of Nations: successes and failures, aims and membership.
IGCSE REVISION - GERMANY: THE ROOTS OF THE NAZI PARTYGeorge Dumitrache
IGCSE REVISION - GERMANY: THE ROOTS OF THE NAZI PARTY. Hitler joined the Nazi Party in 1919 and was influential in defining its beliefs. He also led the Munich Putsch in 1923. However, from 1924 to 1929 the unpopular party gained little electoral success.
The document summarizes key decisions made by Lenin and the Bolsheviks to consolidate power in Russia after the October Revolution in 1917. These included forming an exclusively Bolshevik government called Sovnarkom instead of ruling through the Soviet congress; banning opposition press and political parties like the Kadets; refusing to include other socialist parties in government despite pressure; implementing the decree on land to redistribute estates to peasants; granting workers control of factories; recognizing rights of national minorities; and accepting the punitive Treaty of Brest-Litovsk to exit World War I. These moves helped the Bolsheviks establish sole control over the government but also sparked opposition and protests.
The flag of Zimbabwe represents its history and culture. The red stripes represent independence from Britain in 1980. The green and black stripes represent agriculture and the African people. The white area stands for peace. Zimbabwe gained independence in 1980 after being the British colony of Southern Rhodesia. It has a population of over 11 million and was once led by Robert Mugabe, but now has a struggling economy with high poverty rates.
After Germany's defeat in WWI, the country suffered greatly from losing territory, natural resources, and lives. The Treaty of Versailles further crippled Germany by imposing massive reparations and limiting its military. This led to economic depression, hyperinflation, and widespread unemployment. Into this turmoil stepped Adolf Hitler, who blamed Jews and the treaty for Germany's problems and rose to power as Chancellor in 1933. He established a Nazi dictatorship and began rebuilding Germany's military in violation of the treaty, marking the beginning of World War II.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.
The document discusses the origins and escalation of tensions during the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union. It provides background on the Yalta and Potsdam conferences where the Allied powers discussed post-war plans. At these meetings, disagreements started to emerge between the US and USSR over the occupation and control of Eastern Europe. The document also describes how Stalin solidified communist control over Eastern European countries and established what Winston Churchill called the "Iron Curtain." This increased tensions further and led to responses from the US like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan to contain the spread of communism. The Berlin Blockade by the Soviet Union in 1948, and the Western Allied Berlin Airlift in response, marked a major escal
The Berlin Wall was built in 1961 to prevent East Berliners from escaping to West Berlin. It divided the city until 1989. The wall was prompted by the large number of people fleeing from East to West Berlin each month for greater prosperity. It cut through neighborhoods and separated families. Over its 28-year existence, 192 people died trying to cross the wall illegally. The wall fell in 1989 amid reforms in the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev that weakened East Germany.
The Politics of Sectionalism Slideshow Chapter 14msross9
This document is from a history textbook about the United States and contains a chapter about the politics of sectionalism from 1846 to 1861. It discusses the contentious issue of slavery in the territories, the rise of the Republican party due to opposition to slavery's expansion, and how the election of Abraham Lincoln alarmed Southerners and contributed to the road toward disunion and the Civil War. The chapter contains sections on these topics as well as the Compromise of 1850 and its aftermath.
The document provides an overview of Chapter 13 which discusses World War I from 1914-1918. It covers the causes of the war including nationalism, imperialism, and militarism which helped propel Europe into war. It then discusses the key events of the war, including the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 that triggered Austria-Hungary's declaration of war on Serbia and aligned countries taking sides in the war. The effects of the war are also mentioned. The chapter aims to explain what caused WWI and discuss the strategies and effects of the major global war.
The document provides background information on the events leading up to America's entry into World War II. It discusses the aftermath of WWI and the Treaty of Versailles which led to resentment in Germany. It outlines Italy's invasion of Ethiopia in 1935 and the Spanish Civil War from 1936-1939. It also discusses America's policy of neutrality in the 1930s as well as Japan's expansionism. Key events covered include Germany's rearmament under Hitler, the Munich Agreement of 1938, and Hitler's invasion of Poland in 1939 which marked the start of WWII. The document concludes with an overview of key events in Europe and North Africa from 1939-1945.
This Presentation is about role of Media in Crisis & Disaster? What are the duties of a media person in crisis? How Indian media covered various Disaster and Crisis in India ?
The document summarizes the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo in 1914 by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand secret Serbian terrorist organization. Princip shot and killed Ferdinand and his wife after an earlier assassination attempt by another Black Hand member failed. This sparked World War I after Austria-Hungary demanded Serbia cooperate in the investigation and Serbia did not fully comply, leading Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia.
Nazi Germany - stimulating economic recoverymrmarr
The Nazis prioritized rebuilding Germany's economy when they came to power in 1933. They launched public works programs to reduce unemployment, which had reached around 6 million. They also forced some groups, like Jews and women, out of the workforce. These policies led to a quick reduction in unemployment, falling to under 4 million by the end of 1933. Overall, economic indicators like wages and GDP improved during the Nazis' early years in power. However, this growth masked ongoing problems and did not benefit all groups equally, with industrial workers seeing bigger wage gains than other parts of society.
The rise of dictators in Europe and Asia led to World War II. Adolf Hitler became the fascist dictator of Germany after being appointed chancellor in 1933. He established a totalitarian regime and rapidly rebuilt Germany's military in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. In the 1930s, Germany invaded countries in Europe and Japan invaded Manchuria and China, demonstrating growing aggression. The League of Nations proved unable to stop these acts of expansionism. The world moved closer to a second world war as the militaristic dictatorships of Germany and Japan continued to defy international law and threaten other nations.
1) Italy wanted to build an empire to secure resources due to the Great Depression, and Mussolini wanted to revive Rome's glory.
2) There was a border dispute between Abyssinia and Italian Somaliland which led to a small skirmish. Mussolini demanded an apology and threatened invasion.
3) In 1935, a League commission suggested giving part of Abyssinia to Italy, but Mussolini rejected the plan and invaded later that year using tanks and flamethrowers. The League imposed weak sanctions but did not cut off crucial oil.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TOURISM - ECOTOURISM ULURU AUSTRALIA AND GOAT ISLAND NEW ZEA...George Dumitrache
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TOURISM - CASE STUDY ECOTOURISM IN ULURU, AUSTRALIA. It contains: sustainable development, the ecotourism, how to be sustainable, popularity of ecotourism, case study: Uluru, Australia. Goat Island, New Zealand.
The 1920s saw many tensions and conflicts in American society. There were clashes between rural and urban Americans, prohibition supporters and opponents, and religious fundamentalists and modernists. Racial tensions were high, as the second Klan gained popularity and immigration restrictions targeted certain groups. However, the Harlem Renaissance also flourished as black artists and intellectuals celebrated their culture.
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY REVISION 2 - LEAGUE OF NATIONSGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE IGCSE HISTORY REVISION 2 - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. A presentation of the main aspects of the League of Nations: successes and failures, aims and membership.
IGCSE REVISION - GERMANY: THE ROOTS OF THE NAZI PARTYGeorge Dumitrache
IGCSE REVISION - GERMANY: THE ROOTS OF THE NAZI PARTY. Hitler joined the Nazi Party in 1919 and was influential in defining its beliefs. He also led the Munich Putsch in 1923. However, from 1924 to 1929 the unpopular party gained little electoral success.
The document summarizes key decisions made by Lenin and the Bolsheviks to consolidate power in Russia after the October Revolution in 1917. These included forming an exclusively Bolshevik government called Sovnarkom instead of ruling through the Soviet congress; banning opposition press and political parties like the Kadets; refusing to include other socialist parties in government despite pressure; implementing the decree on land to redistribute estates to peasants; granting workers control of factories; recognizing rights of national minorities; and accepting the punitive Treaty of Brest-Litovsk to exit World War I. These moves helped the Bolsheviks establish sole control over the government but also sparked opposition and protests.
The flag of Zimbabwe represents its history and culture. The red stripes represent independence from Britain in 1980. The green and black stripes represent agriculture and the African people. The white area stands for peace. Zimbabwe gained independence in 1980 after being the British colony of Southern Rhodesia. It has a population of over 11 million and was once led by Robert Mugabe, but now has a struggling economy with high poverty rates.
Presentation about Zimbabwe; Politics, Economy, Environment, Disparities, Data, Facts & Figures. Made by IBDP Student from Armenian National Lycee after Anania Shirakatsy.
This presentation was written in ChatGPT in 45 minutes to prove something.
Zimbabwe is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa, with a rich history and diverse culture. The country has a land area of 390,757 square kilometers, with a climate characterized by a rainy season from November to March and a dry season from April to October. Zimbabwe has a population of over 14 million people, with a diversity of ethnic groups and traditional customs and practices.
The official languages of Zimbabwe are English, Shona, and Ndebele, with many other languages commonly spoken throughout the country. Zimbabwe's main industries include agriculture, mining, and manufacturing, with major exports including tobacco, gold, and platinum.
Agriculture is particularly important to Zimbabwe's economy, with major crops including maize, tobacco, and cotton, and livestock including cattle, goats, and sheep. The country is also rich in mineral resources, with significant deposits of platinum and diamonds.
Zimbabwe has a diverse range of tourist attractions, including wildlife parks, historical sites, and cultural festivals. The country's healthcare and education systems face significant challenges, and the government has implemented various initiatives to address these issues.
Zimbabwe's political system is a presidential republic, with the ruling party being ZANU-PF and the main opposition party being the MDC-A. The country faces a range of challenges, including economic instability, political turmoil, limited access to basic services, and climate change. However, efforts are ongoing to address these challenges and promote sustainable development in Zimbabwe.
If you are interested in learning more about Zimbabwe, there are many resources available online, including government websites, travel guides, and news sources.
Religion played a central role in Zimbabwean civilization, with the Shona religion being prominent. It influenced politics, government, and many other aspects of life. The Shona people believed in the roles of ancestors and used traditional medicine involving herbs and charms. Zimbabweans had skilled craftspeople who worked with gold, copper, bronze, iron and other materials to make jewelry, tools, and other items. Trade was also important, with Zimbabwe trading gold and other resources for goods from other parts of Africa and beyond. Today, Zimbabwe faces economic and environmental challenges under the long rule of President Robert Mugabe, including deforestation and the decline of wildlife like rhinoceros due to poaching.
Zimbabwe is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa that gained independence from Britain in 1980. It has a population of around 11.65 million people and its official languages are English, Shona, and Ndebele. Culturally, Zimbabweans traditionally wear colorful dresses and breastplates made from animal skins. The country has a Christian majority but also maintains indigenous religious beliefs. Politically, Zimbabwe follows a parliamentary democracy led by a president, with the main political parties being ZANU-PF, MDC-T, and MDC. Economically, Zimbabwe struggles with issues like high inflation rates, unsustainable debt levels, and declining GDP growth.
The focus of the seminar was to explore the increasing interest in land acquisition in Africa from the different perspectives of the major stakeholders. It took place at Sida on the 10th of November, 2010.
Cecil Rhodes formed the British South Africa Company in 1889 and settled the territory of Rhodesia, later renaming the southern area Southern Rhodesia. The new white settlers implemented taxes on the native Shona people and conflict arose. In the 1920s, Southern Rhodesia became a self-governing British colony. In 1965, Prime Minister Ian Smith unilaterally declared independence from Britain, refusing to shift to black majority rule, leading to international sanctions. Negotiations in the late 1970s set up multiracial elections in 1980, and Zimbabwe officially gained independence under Robert Mugabe on April 18, 1980.
Cecil Rhodes formed the British South Africa Company in 1889 and settled the territory of Rhodesia, later renaming the southern area Southern Rhodesia. The new white settlers implemented taxes on the native Shona people and conflict arose. By the early 1900s, the settlers held political control. Southern Rhodesia became a self-governing British colony in 1923. In the 1950s, it joined the Central African Federation but this was dissolved in the 1960s as countries gained independence. In 1965, white minority ruler Ian Smith unilaterally declared independence from Britain, facing international sanctions. Agreements in the late 1970s set up elections, and Zimbabwe gained full independence in 1980 under Robert Mugabe.
The Decline of ZimbabweThis activity is important because, as .docxtodd241
The Decline of Zimbabwe
This activity is important because, as a manager, you need to understand how the economic, political, and legal environments in a country differ and how those differences influence the cost, benefits, and risks of doing business in that country.
The goal of this exercise is to demonstrate your understanding of differing economic, political, and legal systems and how they influence the attractiveness of the country as a market or a destination for investment.
Read the case and answer the questions that follow.
In 1980, the southern African state of Zimbabwe gained independence from its colonial master, Great Britain. Speaking at the time, the late Tanzanian president, Julius Nyerere, described Zimbabwe as “the jewel of Africa.” It was a country that boasted a strong economy, abundant natural resources, and a vibrant agricultural sector. As part of the independence process, the British bequeathed Zimbabwe with democratic political institutions.
Zimbabwe’s birth as an independent nation was a difficult one. In 1965, the minority white rulers of what was then known as Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence from Britain, setting up an apartheid state where blacks were excluded from power. The British government wanted majority rule, stated that the declaration of independence was an illegal rebellion, and imposed sanctions on Rhodesia. Other nations that followed suit included the United States. An armed conflict ensued with two guerrilla movements waging war against Rhodesia’s white government. One of those guerrilla movements, the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) was headed by Robert Mugabe, who aligned himself and his movement with the Maoist version of communism. A combination of international sanctions and guerrilla activity eventually forced the white minority rulers of Rhodesia to end their rebellion. In 1979, Rhodesia reverted to British colonial status.
The following year Zimbabwe gained legal independence. Robert Mugabe was elected as the country’s first prime minister. Thirty-seven years later Mugabe was still in power, now as president. His ZANU-PF party had won every election since independence. Once a largely ceremonial position, Mugabe had systematically consolidated power in the presidency and restricted his political opponents. He was re-elected as president in 2013 in a general election which like many in the Mugabe era was widely seen as rigged. The country has also been beset by endemic corruption. Corruption watchdog Transparency International recently ranked Zimbabwe as one of the most corrupt nations in the world.
Zimbabwe’s economic performance in recent years ranks among the worst in the world. Although the economy maintained a positive economic growth rate through the 1980s and 1990s, it has deteriorated rapidly since 2000. Between 1999 and 2009 Zimbabwe saw the lowest economic growth rate ever recorded, with an annual decline of 6.1 percent in GDP.
The decline occurred after Mugabe.
Post cold war nationalist and independence movementzia learning
After World War 2, many African countries gained independence from European colonial rule. This included Congo gaining independence from Belgium in 1960 and Ghana becoming the first sub-Saharan country to gain independence in 1957. However, newly independent countries faced significant challenges, such as civil wars in Congo and Nigeria. Apartheid existed in South Africa until the early 1990s, denying equal rights to blacks. Genocide in Rwanda in 1994 and HIV/AIDS across sub-Saharan Africa have also had devastating impacts in recent decades. Pan-African movements have sought to promote greater unity and cooperation across the continent.
Post cold war nationalist and independence movementzia learning
After World War 2, many African countries gained independence from European colonial rule. This included Congo gaining independence from Belgium in 1960 and facing civil war, Ghana becoming the first sub-Saharan country independent from Britain in 1957, and Kenya achieving independence in 1963. However, newly independent countries faced many challenges, and conflicts arose in Nigeria during its decolonization and in Rwanda with the 1994 genocide between Hutus and Tutsis. Pan-African movements also sought to promote unity among the newly independent states.
The document provides information on the country of Zimbabwe. It describes the symbolism of the national flag and notes that Zimbabwe gained independence from Britain in 1980. It then provides details on the capital city, location, borders, population statistics, economic struggles, and wildlife declines. Cultural aspects like ethnic groups, religions, and the ancient city of Great Zimbabwe are also summarized. Key topics covered include the poor economy under Robert Mugabe's rule, hyperinflation, food shortages, and collapse of the health system.
The flag of Zimbabwe represents important aspects of the country's history and culture. It was adopted in 1980 when Zimbabwe gained independence from Britain. The capital and largest city is Harare. Zimbabwe has a population of over 11 million people, most of whom are Shona or Ndebele ethnicities. The country has experienced severe economic problems in recent decades under President Robert Mugabe, including hyperinflation, food shortages, and collapse of public services.
The Somali Civil War began in 1991 after the overthrow of dictator Siad Barre's regime. Barre had ruled Somalia since 1969 with Soviet support but faced increasing opposition after launching unsuccessful invasions of Ethiopia in the 1970s and 1980s. As clan opposition grew, Barre responded with violent crackdowns against real or imagined threats, exacerbating conflict along clan lines. After Barre's fall, Somalia lacked a stable national government for over 20 years as different clans fought for control of resources, leading to hundreds of thousands of deaths. The civil war continued into the 2000s with shifting alliances and the rise of militant groups like al-Shabaab.
South Africa is known as the Rainbow Nation due to its diversity. It has 11 official languages and a population of around 55 million from different racial groups including Black Africans, Whites, Coloureds, and Asians. South Africa implemented apartheid from 1948 to 1991, which institutionalized racial segregation. Apartheid was dismantled in the 1990s and the country held its first democratic elections in 1994. While South Africa has a relatively strong economy, it faces challenges of high unemployment, inequality, and crime rates. Major cities like Johannesburg, Cape Town, and Durban are economic centers but the country also promotes development in other regions.
South Africa is located at the southern tip of Africa and has a diverse population speaking 11 official languages. Its history includes British and Boer wars in the late 19th century, the establishment of apartheid in 1948 which instituted racial segregation and discrimination against non-whites, and the end of apartheid and first democratic elections in 1994 when Nelson Mandela became the first black President after being imprisoned for 18 years for his anti-apartheid activities. Today South Africa has a population of over 49 million people and its major cities and provinces continue to reflect its diverse ethnic makeup and history.
Enhanced Enterprise Intelligence with your personal AI Data Copilot.pdfGetInData
Recently we have observed the rise of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) that are community-driven or developed by the AI market leaders, such as Meta (Llama3), Databricks (DBRX) and Snowflake (Arctic). On the other hand, there is a growth in interest in specialized, carefully fine-tuned yet relatively small models that can efficiently assist programmers in day-to-day tasks. Finally, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architectures have gained a lot of traction as the preferred approach for LLMs context and prompt augmentation for building conversational SQL data copilots, code copilots and chatbots.
In this presentation, we will show how we built upon these three concepts a robust Data Copilot that can help to democratize access to company data assets and boost performance of everyone working with data platforms.
Why do we need yet another (open-source ) Copilot?
How can we build one?
Architecture and evaluation
Natural Language Processing (NLP), RAG and its applications .pptxfkyes25
1. In the realm of Natural Language Processing (NLP), knowledge-intensive tasks such as question answering, fact verification, and open-domain dialogue generation require the integration of vast and up-to-date information. Traditional neural models, though powerful, struggle with encoding all necessary knowledge within their parameters, leading to limitations in generalization and scalability. The paper "Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks" introduces RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation), a novel framework that synergizes retrieval mechanisms with generative models, enhancing performance by dynamically incorporating external knowledge during inference.
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdfSocial Samosa
According to Ipsos AI Monitor's 2024 report, 65% Indians said that products and services using AI have profoundly changed their daily life in the past 3-5 years.
Beyond the Basics of A/B Tests: Highly Innovative Experimentation Tactics You...Aggregage
This webinar will explore cutting-edge, less familiar but powerful experimentation methodologies which address well-known limitations of standard A/B Testing. Designed for data and product leaders, this session aims to inspire the embrace of innovative approaches and provide insights into the frontiers of experimentation!
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging DataKiwi Creative
Harness the power of AI-backed reports, benchmarking and data analysis to predict trends and detect anomalies in your marketing efforts.
Peter Caputa, CEO at Databox, reveals how you can discover the strategies and tools to increase your growth rate (and margins!).
From metrics to track to data habits to pick up, enhance your reporting for powerful insights to improve your B2B tech company's marketing.
- - -
This is the webinar recording from the June 2024 HubSpot User Group (HUG) for B2B Technology USA.
Watch the video recording at https://youtu.be/5vjwGfPN9lw
Sign up for future HUG events at https://events.hubspot.com/b2b-technology-usa/
06-04-2024 - NYC Tech Week - Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
https://www.meetup.com/unstructured-data-meetup-new-york/
This meetup is for people working in unstructured data. Speakers will come present about related topics such as vector databases, LLMs, and managing data at scale. The intended audience of this group includes roles like machine learning engineers, data scientists, data engineers, software engineers, and PMs.This meetup was formerly Milvus Meetup, and is sponsored by Zilliz maintainers of Milvus.
STATATHON: Unleashing the Power of Statistics in a 48-Hour Knowledge Extravag...sameer shah
"Join us for STATATHON, a dynamic 2-day event dedicated to exploring statistical knowledge and its real-world applications. From theory to practice, participants engage in intensive learning sessions, workshops, and challenges, fostering a deeper understanding of statistical methodologies and their significance in various fields."
1. Introducing Zimbabwe
You have 10 minutes to produce:
1 hand drawn sketch map of Zimbabwe with
• Three cities marked on including the capital city
• Label the four surrounding countries
1 fact box containing the following information
• GDP (Per capita PPP)
• Life Expectancy
• Literacy Rate
• HDI rating
• The old colonial name for Zimbabwe
• Who colonised Zimbabwe? (remember your WW2 day in Y12?)
1 person profile of Robert Mugabe detailing
• His age
• How long has he been in power
• The name of his political party
• Controversy surrounding his leadership
2. Zimbabwe
IB DP Geography
Disparities in wealth and development
IB DP student`
Sipan Areen
20. HDI
• Zimbabwe is the 156th country in the world for
HDI.
• Zimbabwe is the 24th country in Africa for HDI.
21. Colonization
• In the 1880s, the British arrived with Cecil
Rhodes's British South Africa Company. In 1898,
the name Southern Rhodesia was adopted.
Rhodes sought permission to negotiate similar
concessions covering all territory between
the Limpopo River and Lake Tanganyika, then
known as 'Zambesia'. In 1895 the BSAC adopted
the name 'Rhodesia' for the territory of
Zambesia, in honour of Cecil Rhodes. In 1898
'Southern Rhodesia' became the official
denotation for the region south of the
Zambezi,which later became Zimbabwe.
22. Robert Mugabe
• Born: February 21,
1924 (age 90), in
Kutama, Southern
Rhodesia (now
Zimbabwe)
• Office: President of
Zimbabwe since 1987
(27 years)
23. • By 1980, Southern Rhodesia was liberated from
British rule and became the independent
Republic of Zimbabwe. Running under the ZANU
party banner, Mugabe was elected prime minister
of the new republic, after running against
Nkomo.
• ZANU-Zimbabwe African National Union
(Mugabe)
• ZAPU-Zimbabwe African People's Union (Nkomo)
24. • Routinely accused of terrible human rights
abuses, Mugabe is also held accountable for
running his country’s economy into the ground,
provoking financially devastating economic
sanctions with his brutally inept leadership.
• http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F
%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Fnews-opinion%2Fbfi-news%
2Frobert-mugabe-villain-or-hero&
h=HAQEIu4sr