How to explain Zigbee technology in college seminar? You can easily explain it from this PDF

1. ZIGBEE TECHNOLOGY
Presented By:
“Devendra Singh​
”
A
Seminar Report on

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Evolution
 Architecture
 Device
 Network Topologies
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Application
 Future Enhancement
 Conclusion ZIGBEE 2

3. INTRODUCTION

4. INTRODUCTION
OVERVIEW PURPOSE
Zigbee is a wireless
communication protocol
designed for low-power, low
data rate, and short-range
applications.
The main purpose of its design
is to interconnect devices, use
less energy, and provide
reliable data transmission.
IMPACT ADVANTAGES
This technology is
revolutionizing various sectors
such as smart homes, industrial
automation, healthcare, and
agriculture.
Its low cost, low power
consumption, and mesh
networking capabilities make it
an attractive option for many
IoT applications
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5. EVOLUTION

6. E V O L U T I O N
2002 2003 2004
Zigbee Alliance founded to
develop and standardize the
Zigbee protocol for low
energy consumption and
reliability in battery-powered
devices.
IEEE published the
802.15.4 standard for
low-power wireless
networks, adopted by
Zigbee.
First Zigbee standard
released, introducing
star, tree, and mesh
topologies, and three
device types (coordinator,
router, end device).
2006 2012
Advanced Zigbee version
introduced with
improved networking,
security, and profiles for
home and industrial
automation.
Zigbee implemented in
smart energy, IoT, and
smart grids, with profiles
for smart homes,
metering, and
healthcare.
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2016
Zigbee 3.0 launched,
unifying profiles for better
interoperability, improved
security, and enhanced
mesh networking with self-
healing capabilities.

7. ARCHITECTURE

8. STACK LAYERS
PHYSICAL LAYER (PHY)
Handles signal transmission and reception.
MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL LAYER (MAC)
Manages access to the wireless medium.
NETWORK LAYER (NWK)​
Handles network formation, routing, and
security.
8
APPLICATION LAYER (APL)
Includes the Application Support Sub-layer
(APS) and ZigBee Device Objects (ZDO),
which manage device roles and
communication.
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9. ZIGBEE 9
T H E S E L A Y E R S F A C I L I TAT E T H E
F E AT U R E S T H AT M A K E Z I G B E E V E R Y
AT T R A C T I V E
Low Cost
Easy Implementation
Reliable Data Transfer
Short-range Operations
Very Low Power Consumption
Adequate Security Features

10. DEVICE

11. ZIGBEE
DEVICE ROLES
Coordinator Router End Device
11
 Role: Manages network
creation, security, and
addressing.
 Characteristics: Only one
per network, full-function
device (FFD).
 Role: Routes data,
extends network range,
connects devices.
 Characteristics: FFD,
crucial in mesh and tree
topologies
 Role: Performs specific
tasks (e.g., sensor
reading).
 Characteristics: Energy-
efficient, reduced-function
device (RFD), no data
routing.

12. ZIGBEE 12
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

13. ZIGBEE
NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
STAR TOPOLOGY MASH TOPOLOGY TREE TOPOLOGY
13

14. STAR TOPOLOGY
 Structure: Central coordinator connects
to multiple end devices.
 Advantages: Simple setup, suitable for
small networks.
 Limitations: Network fails if the
coordinator fails.
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15. MASH TOPOLOGY
 Structure: Devices (except end
devices) communicate with each other.
 Advantages: Reliable, self-healing,
suitable for large networks.
 Limitations: Complex management.
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16. TREE TOPOLOGY
 Structure: Hierarchical arrangement
with coordinator as root, routers as
middle nodes, and end devices as
branches.
 Advantages: Scalable and organized.
 Limitations: Failure of a parent node
disconnects child nodes.
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17. ZIGBEE 17
ADVANTAGES

18. ZIGBEE 18
LOW COST HIGH SECURITY
LOW POWER
CONSUMPTION
WIRELESS
COMMUNICATION
MULTI PURPOSE
NETWORK
AUTOMATIC
NETWORK SETUP
STRONG
INTERFERENCE
RESISTANCE
MULTI HOP
ROUTING
LARGE NETWORK
SIZE

19. ZIGBEE 19
DISADVANTAGES

20. ZIGBEE 20
SHORT WORKING
RANGE
COMPLEXITY
LIMITED DATA
RATE
LATENCY
HIGH INITIAL
COST
LIMITED GLOBAL
ADOPTION
LOW SPEED
NETWORKING
UPGRADE AND
MAINTENANCE
LIMITED
BANDWIDTH

21. APPLICATIONS

22. ZIGBEE 22
APPLICATIONS
Home
automation
Smart Lighting (Light Control)
Smart Door Locks and Security Systems
Industrial
Automation
Monitoring of manufacturing processes.
Monitoring the condition of equipment
Healthcare
Tracking of hospital equipment
Continuous monitoring of patient's
health condition.
Agriculture
Soil moisture and temperature monitoring
Water management and control of irrigation
systems
Smart Cities
Automation of street lighting.
Traffic lights and traffic control
Military Applications
Monitoring of equipment and vehicles
Border security systems
Retail and Supply Management
Monitoring of items in warehouses
Tracking of transport vehicles
Education
Digital boards and smart classrooms.
Campus lighting and security.

23. FUTURE
ENHANCEMENT
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24. ZigBee 24
FUTURE
ENHANCEMENT
Increased Data Rates
Future enhancements could
focus on boosting Zigbee's data
transmission speeds beyond
the current 250 kbps, making it
more suitable for data intensive
IoT applications.
Extended Range
Improvements in signal
strength and range (beyond
100 meters) would enable
Zigbee to support larger scale
deployments, such as smart
cities and expansive industrial
setups.
Increased Data Rates
Upgrading encryption protocols
and introducing advanced
security features like quantum
resistant algorithms to address
evolving cybersecurity threats
AI and ML Integration
Incorporating artificial
intelligence and machine
learning to optimize network
performance, enable predictive
maintenance, and enhance
device interoperability in
complex IoT ecosystems.

25. CONCLUSION

26. CONCLUSION
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Energy Efficiency and Low Power
Consumption
1 Zigbee is highly efficient, making it ideal for battery
powered devices and applications requiring long term,
low energy operation, such as smart homes and
industrial automation.
Scalability and Flexibility
2 With support for star, mesh, and tree network topologies,
Zigbee offers robust scalability and adaptability, enabling
reliable communication across large scale networks.
Security and Reliability
3 Zigbee employs AES-128 encryption, ensuring secure
data transmission, which is critical for industrial,
commercial, and smart city applications.
Future Potential
4 As IoT and smart devices expand, Zigbee is expected to
evolve with improved data rates, range, and integration
with emerging technologies like AI, further broadening
its applications and relevance.

27. THANK YOU
If you have any questions please
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