You think you know agile
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Combined slide decks from the presentation at Progressive.net 2011
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You think you know agile
- 1. You think you know agile? The where, what and how of agile nathan.gloyn@dotnetsolutions.co.uk Design Code Release nathangloyn @NathanGloyn
- 3. ROOTS...
- 4. Roots... When agile was born… Heavy weight project management processes Misunderstood requirements Missed deadlines or death march projects Inability to change requirements Applications with lots of defects Increases the cost
- 5. Roots... Scrum – first described 1986 DSDM, Adaptive Software Development Scrum 1995 1996 Extreme Programming (XP), Crystal Clear 1997 Feature Driven Development 2001 Agile Manifesto 2004 Kanban ? ?
- 6. Roots... Agile Manifesto Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the left more.
- 7. Roots... Agile Manifesto – 12 Principles Customer satisfaction by rapid delivery of useful software Welcome changing requirements, even late in development Working software is delivered frequently (weeks rather than months)
- 8. Roots... Agile Manifesto – 12 Principles Working software is the principal measure of progress Sustainable development, able to maintain a constant pace Close, daily co-operation between business people and developers
- 9. Roots... Agile Manifesto – 12 Principles Face-to-face conversation is the best form of communication (co-location) Projects are built around motivated individuals, who should be trusted Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design
- 10. Roots... Agile Manifesto – 12 Principles Simplicity Self-organizing teams Regular adaptation to changing circumstances
- 11. Concepts
- 12. Concepts Control
- 17. Team
- 18. Team The team is: Critical to success Not a bunch of individuals No Hero’s Not dependent on any member Empowered Trusted
- 19. Team Who is in the team? Team Member Product Owner Customer
- 20. Team Who is a Team Member? Developer Tester Business Analyst Team Lead Architect Product Owner
- 21. Team Do we need a product owner? Focus on what to deliver Customer Proxy Product Manager Project Manager not a good fit Not good idea to be a team lead or manager
- 22. Team Where does a Scrum Master/Coach fit in? Guardian of the teams process Servant/Leader Helps foster the idea of “team” Should never be a team lead or manager Focused on helping team deliver
- 23. Team Do we need a project manager? Generally no Responsibilities distributed Product owner Coach/Scrum Master Some projects have to be waterfall
- 24. Team Generalist OR Specialist?
- 25. Team A Self <?> Team Self Organising Self Directing Self Managing
- 26. Methodologies
- 27. Methodologies Currently 3 main stream: Scrum XP Kanban
- 29. Methodologies: Scrum TO DO WIP Done
- 31. Methodologies: XP TO DO WIP Done
- 32. Methodologies: Kanban Input Queue In Process Done Available capacity
- 33. Methodologies: Kanban TO DO WIP (2) Done
- 34. Methodologies Commonalities: Visibility/Transparency User stories Pull Based Definition of done Sustainable pace Continuous Improvement
- 35. Methodologies: Helicopter View Scrum XP Kanban Plan release Plan iteration Work through items Release when “Done, Done” Iteration Retrospective Release Retrospective Plan sprint Work on items in sprint Review Retrospective Input queue Pull item to work Work until meets done criteria Repeat
- 36. Methodologies: Meetings Scrum XP Kanban Release Planning Iteration Planning Standup Iteration Retrospective Release Retrospective Daily Stand-up Sprint Review Sprint Retrospective Sprint Planning Backlog grooming None
- 37. Methodologies: Roles Scrum XP Kanban Customer Coach Team Customer Product Owner Scrum Master Development Team What ever you currently have
- 38. Methodologies: Artifacts Scrum XP Kanban Board Charts More charts! Card Board Backlog Definition of Done Burndown Board What ever reports you wish to create
- 39. Methodologies: Metrics Scrum XP Kanban Lead time Cycle time Throughput performance Due date completion etc Velocity Velocity
- 40. Methodologies:Continuous Improvement Scrum XP Kanban Kaizen culture Kaizen blitz Slack Inspect & Adapt Sprint retrospective Iteration retrospectives Release retrospective
- 41. Methodologies: Differentiators Scrum Estimation Commitment Forecasting Iterations Team decide what to pull into an iteration
- 42. Methodologies: Differentiators XP Short Iterations “Done, Done” Rules 5 Values 14 Principles 24 Practices
- 43. Methodologies: Differentiators Kanban Flow Cadence Policies Classes of Service
- 45. Lean
- 46. Lean What is Lean? From manufacturing Toyota Production System (TPS) Just In Time (JIT) production Kanban card Kaizen Poppendicks Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit (2003) David J Anderson Kanban - Successful Evolutionary Change for your Technology Business
- 47. Lean: Principles Eliminate Waste
- 48. Lean: Principles Build Quality In
- 49. Lean: Principles Create Knowledge
- 50. Lean: Principles Defer Commitment
- 51. Lean: Principles Deliver Fast
- 52. Lean: Principles Respect People
- 53. Lean: Principles Optimise the whole
- 54. What’s next?
- 55. What’s next? ScrumBan Lean Startup The rise of lean Death of the Iron triangle?
- 56. What’s next: Scrumban Mixture of Kanban & Scrum Workflow of Kanban Backlog column for iteration Ready column for higher priority work Meetings of Scrum
- 57. What’s next: The rise of lean The next best thing? Beware marketing speak Can help whatever process you are using Kanban
- 58. What’s Next: Lean Startup “new methodology” Focused on getting product “out there” More a business methodology Kanban great fit Beware comparisons to agile
- 59. What’s Next: Lean Startup
- 60. What’s next: Death of the Iron triangle? Cost exists anyway Quality should be a given Scope flexible Possibly in enterprises Unlikely with external clients
- 61. Sum up
- 62. Summary Lots of ideas Pull in what works Throw away what doesn’t Create your own process Stay true to principles nathan.gloyn@dotnetsolutions.co.uk Design Code Release nathangloyn @NathanGloyn
Editor's Notes
- Scrum – Hirotaka Takeuchi and IkujiroNonakaDSDM – Dynamic Systems Development MethodMoSCoW requirement prioritisation – Must have, Should have, Could have, Won’t haveFully compatible with ISO 9000 & PRINCE2
- Servant Leadership - Robert K. Greenleaf 1970
- In scrum although backlog grooming is not an official meeting most teams work with thee ScrumMaster & Product owner to ensure the stories are ready to be worked on
- Values:Simplicity, Communication, Feedback, Respect, CouragePrinciples: Humanity, Economics, Mutual Benefit, Self-Similarity, Improvement, Diversity, Reflection, Flow, Opportunity Redundancy, Failure, Quality, Baby steps, Accepted responsibilityPractices: Primary - Sit together, Whole Team, Informative Worksapce, Energized Work, Pair Programming, Stories, Weekly cycle, Quarterly Cycle, Slack, Ten Minute Build, Continuous Integration, Test First Programming, Incremental DesignCorollary - Real Customer Involvement, Increment Deployment, Team Continuity, Shrinking Teams, Root Cause Analysis, Shared Code, Code And Tests, Single Code base, Daily Deployment, Negotiated Scope Contract, Pay Per Use
- Flow – important to ensure that the work flows through the systemCadence – the time it takes to performPolicies – govern behaviour, how the system works. Limit WIP best example of a policyClasses of Service – typically based on business impact, implemented through policies, will effect work done by the team
- Partially Done Work – work not completedExtra Processes – needless paperworkExtra Features – adding features in ‘just in case’ which aren’t really neededTask Switching – switching between different projectsWaiting – delays in staffing, delays in starting, delays due to excessive documentationMotion – how much motion to answer a question? Linked to Task Switching & WaitingDefects – the longer it takes to discover a bug the more it costsManagement Activities – project management activities, authorization processes for approval of requirement changes, etc
- Perceived Integrity – how a customer perceives the system. A good example is GoogleConceptual Integrity – the same concept, from a users perspective, is executed consistently e.g. Airline bookingRefactoring – process can’t be perfect 1st time. Refactor to improve as knowledge improvesTesting – Unit tests, integration tests, load tests, etc
- Identifies that knowledge of what we are doing is important and that we need to actively look to create this knowledge to help the teamFeedback – feedback loops help create knowledge e.g. Unit testingSharing knowledge – pair programming, code reviewsRecording knowledge – wiki, code comments, documentation
- Concurrent development – develop separate streams until you have to decideOptions thinking – Responding to change rather than following a plan, don’t freeze “requirements”Last responsible moment – don’t make a decision over what to do until the last momentMaking decisions – actually make a decision over what option to take, don’t allow concurrent streams forever
- Pull Systems – customers prioritise what they want so they get most important thing firstQueuing theory – ensure steady rate of arrival, include slack, Theory of constraintsCost of Delay – cost of developer not having tools to speed dev, cost of not getting to market
- Engage, collaboration, trust and respect the people doing the work. E.g. Managers that do not know how the work is done shouldn’t try to tell people how they should do their workLean is not about controlling people, it is about engaged motivated people helping a business grow
- Systems thinking – look at entire systemMeasure value – focus on how the business delivers value, use Value Stream Mapping to helpThink long term – don’t focus on the now (although important) look at where you the business is going/needs to be
- Utilise WIP limits to highlight impediments/bottlenecksStill use iterations to provide “container” for deployable softwareStill generalist skillset i.e. Anybody can pick up any task
- Recommended booksPoppendicks : Lean Software Development – An agile toolkit, Implementing Lean Software Development. David Anderson : Kanban – Sucessfulevolutionary change for your Technology business
- Running Lean (www.runningleanhq.com) – great free book on lean startup“Offical” book from Eric Ries coming out soon.
- Not comparing like for like.Be sure to differentiate Business Methodology with a workflow methodology AAARS =Acquisition – user comes to site from various channelsActivation – users enjoy 1st visitRetention – users come backReferral – users like you enough to refer othersRevenue – users conduct some monetized behaviour
- Jeff Sutherland