This document provides summaries of various Greek gods and mythology related to Zeus, Demeter, Poseidon, Hera, Hades, Hermes, Artemis, Apollo, Aphrodite, Athena, Hephaestus, Ares, Dionysus, and the Golden Apple. It describes each god's domain and symbols. It also summarizes the origins of the Trojan War from the Judgement of Paris and the deception with the Trojan Horse that led to the fall of Troy.

1. GREEKGREEK
MYTHOLOGYMYTHOLOGY

4. ZEUSZEUS
 King and father of the gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus and the god of theKing and father of the gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus and the god of the
sky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order, and justice. He is the youngestsky, weather, thunder, lightning, law, order, and justice. He is the youngest
son ofson of CronusCronus andand RheaRhea. He overthrew Cronus and gained the sovereignty of. He overthrew Cronus and gained the sovereignty of
heaven for himself. His sacred animals are the eagle and the bullheaven for himself. His sacred animals are the eagle and the bull

5. DEMETERDEMETER
 Goddess of grain, agriculture and the harvest, growth andGoddess of grain, agriculture and the harvest, growth and
nourishment. Demeter is a daughter of Cronus and Rhea andnourishment. Demeter is a daughter of Cronus and Rhea and
sister of Zeus, by whom she bore Persephone.sister of Zeus, by whom she bore Persephone.

6. POSEIDONPOSEIDON
 God of the sea, rivers, floods, droughts, and earthquakes. He is aGod of the sea, rivers, floods, droughts, and earthquakes. He is a
son of Cronus and Rhea and brother to Zeus and Hades. Heson of Cronus and Rhea and brother to Zeus and Hades. He
rules one of the three realms of the universe as king of the searules one of the three realms of the universe as king of the sea
and the waters.He is holding a trident. The horse and the dolphinand the waters.He is holding a trident. The horse and the dolphin
are sacred to him.are sacred to him.

7. HERAHERA
 Queen of the gods and goddess of marriage, women, childbirth,Queen of the gods and goddess of marriage, women, childbirth,
kings, and empires. She is the wife and sister of Zeus andkings, and empires. She is the wife and sister of Zeus and
daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Her sacred animals are the heifer,daughter of Cronus and Rhea. Her sacred animals are the heifer,
the peacock, and the cuckoo. she holds a lotus-tipped staffthe peacock, and the cuckoo. she holds a lotus-tipped staff

8. HADESHADES
 King of the underworld and the dead, and god ofKing of the underworld and the dead, and god of
regret. His wife is Persephone. His attributes are theregret. His wife is Persephone. His attributes are the
drinking horn or cornucopia, key, sceptre, and thedrinking horn or cornucopia, key, sceptre, and the
three-headed dogthree-headed dog CerberusCerberus..

9. HERMESHERMES
 God of boundaries, travel, communication, trade, language, and writing. TheGod of boundaries, travel, communication, trade, language, and writing. The
son of Zeus and Maia, Hermes is the messenger of the gods, and ason of Zeus and Maia, Hermes is the messenger of the gods, and a
psychopomp( as Charon ) who leads the souls of the dead into the afterlife.psychopomp( as Charon ) who leads the souls of the dead into the afterlife.
He uses winged sandals, and a traveler's cap. His sacred animals are theHe uses winged sandals, and a traveler's cap. His sacred animals are the
tortoise, the ram, and the hawk.tortoise, the ram, and the hawk.

10. ARTEMİSARTEMİS
 Virgin goddess of the hunt, wilderness, animals, young girls, childbirth, andVirgin goddess of the hunt, wilderness, animals, young girls, childbirth, and
plague. In later times she became associated with bows and arrows. She is theplague. In later times she became associated with bows and arrows. She is the
daughter of Zeus and Leto, and twin sister of Apollo.she uses a hunting bowdaughter of Zeus and Leto, and twin sister of Apollo.she uses a hunting bow
and a quiver of arrows. Her sacred animals are deer, bears, and wild boars.and a quiver of arrows. Her sacred animals are deer, bears, and wild boars.

11.  ARTEMİS TEMPLEARTEMİS TEMPLE

12. APOLLOAPOLLO
 God of music, arts, knowledge, healing, plague, prophecy, poetry, manlyGod of music, arts, knowledge, healing, plague, prophecy, poetry, manly
beauty and archery. He is the son of Zeus and Leto, and the twin brother ofbeauty and archery. He is the son of Zeus and Leto, and the twin brother of
Artemis. As brother and sister, they were identified with the sun and moon;Artemis. As brother and sister, they were identified with the sun and moon;
both use a bow and arrow.both use a bow and arrow.

13.  TEMPLE OF APOLLOTEMPLE OF APOLLO

14. APHRODITEAPHRODITE
 Goddess of love, beauty, desire, sexuality, and pleasure. Although married toGoddess of love, beauty, desire, sexuality, and pleasure. Although married to
Hephaestus she had many lovers, most notably Ares, Adonis, and Anchises.Hephaestus she had many lovers, most notably Ares, Adonis, and Anchises.
Her symbols include roses and other flowers. Her sacred animals are dovesHer symbols include roses and other flowers. Her sacred animals are doves
and sparrowsand sparrows

15.  Aphrodite’ cave.Aphrodite’ cave.

16. ATHENAATHENA
 Goddess of intelligence, skill, peace, warfare, battle strategy, handicrafts, andGoddess of intelligence, skill, peace, warfare, battle strategy, handicrafts, and
wisdom. She was also the patron of the city Athens (which was named afterwisdom. She was also the patron of the city Athens (which was named after
her) Her symbol is theher) Her symbol is the oliveolive tree. She is commonly shown accompanied bytree. She is commonly shown accompanied by
her sacred animal, the owlher sacred animal, the owl

17. HEPHAESTUSHEPHAESTUS
 Crippled god of fire, metalworking, and crafts. Husband to Aphrodite. HisCrippled god of fire, metalworking, and crafts. Husband to Aphrodite. His
sacred animals are the donkey, the guard dog and the crane. Among hissacred animals are the donkey, the guard dog and the crane. Among his
creations was the armor ofcreations was the armor of AchillesAchilles. He uses hammer and fire.. He uses hammer and fire.

18. ARESARES
 God of war, bloodshed, and violence. The son of Zeus and Hera, Ares'God of war, bloodshed, and violence. The son of Zeus and Hera, Ares'
sacred animals are the vulture, venomous snakes, dogs, and boars. He usessacred animals are the vulture, venomous snakes, dogs, and boars. He uses
helmet and spear or sword, or as an armed warriorhelmet and spear or sword, or as an armed warrior

19. DIONYSUSDIONYSUS
 God of wine, parties and festivals, madness, chaos, drunkenness, drugs, and ecstasy.HeGod of wine, parties and festivals, madness, chaos, drunkenness, drugs, and ecstasy.He
usesuses thyrsusthyrsus (a pinecone-tipped staff), drinking cup, grape vine, and a crown of(a pinecone-tipped staff), drinking cup, grape vine, and a crown of ivy.ivy.
Animals sacred to him include dolphins, serpents, tigers, and donkeys. Alcohol,Animals sacred to him include dolphins, serpents, tigers, and donkeys. Alcohol,
especially wine, played an important role in Greek culture with Dionysus being anespecially wine, played an important role in Greek culture with Dionysus being an
important reason for this life styleimportant reason for this life style

21. GOLDEN APPLEGOLDEN APPLE
 This is the reason of the Trojan War.This is the reason of the Trojan War.
 The judgement of ParisThe judgement of Paris
 ΤΗΙ ΚΑΛΛΙΣΤΗΙ" (Ancient Greek: τ καλλίστῇ ῃΤΗΙ ΚΑΛΛΙΣΤΗΙ" (Ancient Greek: τ καλλίστῇ ῃ tē(i)tē(i)
kallistē(i)kallistē(i), Modern Greek: τη καλλίστη, Modern Greek: τη καλλίστη ti kallistiti kallisti; "for/to; "for/to
the most beautiful" – cf. Callisto)the most beautiful" – cf. Callisto)

22. GOLDEN APPLEGOLDEN APPLE
 Zeus held a banquet in celebration of the marriage of Peleus andZeus held a banquet in celebration of the marriage of Peleus and
Thetis. Eris, the goddess of discord, was not invited for herThetis. Eris, the goddess of discord, was not invited for her
troublesome nature, and upon turning up uninvited, she threw atroublesome nature, and upon turning up uninvited, she threw a
golden apple into the ceremony, with an inscription that read:golden apple into the ceremony, with an inscription that read:
for/ to the most beautiful.for/ to the most beautiful.
 Three goddesses claimed the apple: Hera, Athena, andThree goddesses claimed the apple: Hera, Athena, and
Aphrodite. They brought the matter before Zeus. Not wantingAphrodite. They brought the matter before Zeus. Not wanting
to get involved, Zeus assigned the task toto get involved, Zeus assigned the task to ParisParis of Troy.of Troy.
 Zeus gave the apple to Hermes and told him to deliver it to ParisZeus gave the apple to Hermes and told him to deliver it to Paris
and tell him that the goddesses would accept his decisionand tell him that the goddesses would accept his decision
without argument.without argument.

23. GOLDEN APPLEGOLDEN APPLE
 As each goddess wanted to receive the apple,As each goddess wanted to receive the apple,
they each stripped off their own clothing andthey each stripped off their own clothing and
appeared naked before Paris.appeared naked before Paris.

24. GOLDEN APPLEGOLDEN APPLE
 Each of the goddesses also offered Paris a gift asEach of the goddesses also offered Paris a gift as
a bribe in return for the apple;a bribe in return for the apple;
 Hera offered to make him the king of EuropeHera offered to make him the king of Europe
and Asia,and Asia,
 Athena offered him wisdom and skill in battle,Athena offered him wisdom and skill in battle,
 Aphrodite offered him the most beautifulAphrodite offered him the most beautiful
woman in the world as his wife,woman in the world as his wife, HelenHelen of Spartaof Sparta
(later to be titled Helen of Troy).(later to be titled Helen of Troy).

25. GOLDEN APPLEGOLDEN APPLE
 THE JUDGEMENT OF PARİSTHE JUDGEMENT OF PARİS
 Paris chose Aphrodite, a decision that ultimately led toParis chose Aphrodite, a decision that ultimately led to
the start of the Trojan war. Paris soon went to celebratethe start of the Trojan war. Paris soon went to celebrate
the marriage of Helen and Menelaus with his brother.the marriage of Helen and Menelaus with his brother.
They spent the night there, and Menelaus was called toThey spent the night there, and Menelaus was called to
Agamemnon, and thus Helen and Paris were left alone.Agamemnon, and thus Helen and Paris were left alone.
In this time they made love, and Helen left Menelaus toIn this time they made love, and Helen left Menelaus to
sail to Troy with Paris, thus initiating the Trojan War.sail to Troy with Paris, thus initiating the Trojan War.

26. TROJAN WARTROJAN WAR
 Gods who are Participants on the Greek sideGods who are Participants on the Greek side
 AthenaAthena
 HeraHera
 PoseidonPoseidon
 HermesHermes
 HephaestusHephaestus
 ThetisThetis

27. TROJAN WARTROJAN WAR
 Gods who are Participants on the Trojan side:Gods who are Participants on the Trojan side:
 AphroditeAphrodite
 AresAres
 ArtemisArtemis
 ZeusZeus
 LetoLeto
 ErisEris
 Zeus was strictly neutral - but acted to stop the fightingZeus was strictly neutral - but acted to stop the fighting
without having Helen return, which would havewithout having Helen return, which would have
amounted to a Trojan victory in essenceamounted to a Trojan victory in essence

28. TROJAN WARTROJAN WAR
 The end of the war came with one final plan.The end of the war came with one final plan.
Odysseus devised a new ruse—a giant hollowOdysseus devised a new ruse—a giant hollow
wooden horse, an animal that was sacred to thewooden horse, an animal that was sacred to the
Trojans. It was built by Epeius and guided byTrojans. It was built by Epeius and guided by
Athena, from the wood of a cornel tree groveAthena, from the wood of a cornel tree grove
sacred to Apollo, with the inscription:sacred to Apollo, with the inscription:
 The Greeks dedicate this thank-offering to Athena for theirThe Greeks dedicate this thank-offering to Athena for their
return homereturn home

29. TROJAN WARTROJAN WAR
 The horse was filled with soldiersThe horse was filled with soldiers
 When the Trojans discovered that the Greeks wereWhen the Trojans discovered that the Greeks were
gone, believing the war was over, they "joyfully draggedgone, believing the war was over, they "joyfully dragged
the horse inside the city",the horse inside the city",
 some thought they ought to hurl it down from thesome thought they ought to hurl it down from the
rocks, others thought they should burn it, while othersrocks, others thought they should burn it, while others
said they ought to dedicate it to Athenasaid they ought to dedicate it to Athena
 The Trojans decided to keep the horse and turned to aThe Trojans decided to keep the horse and turned to a
night of mad celebration.night of mad celebration.

30. THANK YOUTHANK YOU