The document discusses various topics related to business and product design including marketing strategies, factors to consider for project implementation, types of business organizations, and documents required for project handover. It provides guidance on evaluating business opportunities, setting up a business, registering a company, applying for treasury registration, and using software for customer relationship management and enterprise resource planning. Key considerations for product design such as prototyping, market analysis, and reverse engineering are also outlined.

1. - Metaio and Total Immersion are two companies that focus on current practical
applications in marketing and industry as well as on the future of presentation
concept with Augmented Reality.
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- Too many small businesses waste money trying to gain new customers the same
way the big corporations do by using mass marketing. Television commercials,
billboards, magazine advertisements, mailings, etc. are all expensive and very
hard to quantify the return on investment. Sadly, many businesses have quickly
gone under because they spent all their capital on advertisements that did not
bring in customers.
To prevent that, the first thing a small business needs to get more aggressive
about meeting people is about networking.
- Buildings and equipment is NOT considered a basic factor of production BUT
Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurs, Physical resources must be considered!
- According to the principle of demand and supply, Construction company will buy
fewer raw material when the price goes up
- Inflation is not generally used as a measure of the economic growth but the
factor of Standard of living, Aggregate output, Productivity, Gross domestic
product are measured
- When we negotiation for a project we must take seriously in:
i. knowledge and information of the project
ii. project time line commitment
iii. latest technology for the project implementation
iv. the company’s financial reputation
- To validate an acceptance of a project, which of the following documents
needed:
i. Purchase Order
ii. Agreement with term and condition that been agreed and signed by both
parties
- The most important factor when proposing a food processing ’machine design’ is
the C. cost effective
- technology maturity aspect must be studied before proposing a product which
involve
- Reverse engineering in product design is often involves taking components apart
and analyzing its workings in detail to be used in making a new device that does
the same thing without using or simply duplicating any part of the original. The
reverse-engineering process involves measuring an object and then
reconstructing it as a 3D model which required applications and equipment as
below:

2. i. 3D CAD application
ii. 3D Scanner
iii. Rapid Prototype Machine
- The effective managers must develop skills in the areas below:
i. Technical skills
ii. Human relations skills
iii. Conceptual skills
iv. Decision making skills
v. Time management skills
- P.E.S.T analysis is an analysis of the external macro-environment that affects all
firms. P.E.S.T. is an acronym for a Political, Economic, Social, Technological
- Alias & SolidThinking is the 3D conceptual design and styling software that
empowers designers to visualize, explore and fully evaluate more ideas in less
time These CAID application relying on its powerful NURBS modeling.
- For a good presentation approach, will need the elements of artistic, creativity,
innovative and good communication skills to get the attention and to convince the
client.
- Costing to produce one prototype using Stratasys-Dimension model, will include
the cost of man hour (Technician) allowance; weight of ABS plastic and support
material; machine usage period.
- To produce a prototype of a product, the designer must have a knowledge of
type of prototype machine & the material; parameter testing for prototype.
- Market analysis and marketing strategy are very important. In product design
industries, Industrial Designer can get the statistic from Ministry of International
Trade and Industry (MITI)
- Exchange rate is NOT immediate consideration when making the decision to ”go
international” but International demand, foreign business climate, Ease of product
modification, Available of knowledge and expertise must be consider.
- The basic purpose served by goal setting because Goals set the direction and
guidance; Goals help direct resource allocation; Goals help define corporate
culture; Goals help managers assess performance
- The ability to think in the abstract reflects Conceptual skills
- Global management and technology are two emerging new skill sets that
managers need to master in the twenty-first century
- Current market demand; Country’s social-economic factor; End user education
level & technology exposures will influence the potencial or business opportunitry
of a electrical appliances product in Malaysia.
- A guarantee potential factor of a cottage industry in the country side such as
traditional cake, thin slice of crisp fried tapioca (kerepek), prawn of fish cracker
(keropok) is the promotion and packaging design
- Self appearance that convincing people must start from the individual himself or
herself who’s are always ready to meet people, knowledgeable, skillful beside
honesty, sincerity and trust

3. - Before an entrepreneur starts a new small business, business ideas must pass a
series of tests and questions before it is deemed a truly valid and valuable
opportunity. The important initial questions you might ask yourself as part of a
business opportunity evaluation is:
i. Does your business idea have a demonstrated market need?
ii. Is there sufficient demand for the product or service?
iii. Is creating the product or service economically feasible?
iv. Will there be a sufficient return on the investment of starting a new
business?
- Personal resources is usually the most important source of financing for a new
business
- Managerial incompetence and inexperience; Neglect; Weak controls; Insufficient
capital a common cause of business failure
- A quotation should be prepare upon client RFQ (Request For Quotation)
- For a project implementation cost, the following aspect must be taken in
consideration:
i. Project development schedule
ii. Raw material market price
iii. Expertise market value
- Deliver Order is usually written by the supplier or sender. He or she double
checks the number of items being delivered, then takes down the items and the
quantity on a piece of paper.
- The best Product Designer team is consisting of group discipline 3D CAD
modeler, Model maker, Graphic Designer, Project Manager & Marketing
- After graduate, you might start a business in Product Design Development or in
Graphic Design. The most effective and professional approach for a budget office
setup is a virtual office
- The Companies Commission of Malaysia (Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia or
SSM) is a statutory body which regulates companies and businesses. SSM,
which came into operation on 16 April 2002, is a statutory body formed as a
result of a merger between the Registrar of Companies (ROC) and the Registrar
of Businesses (ROB) in Malaysia.
- Applications for Treasury Registration (Kewangan MOF Registrations) are very
important for your Company to take part or participate in:
i. the Federal and State Government Tenders and Government Contracts
ii. the Semi - Government Agencies Tenders and Government Contracts
iii. supplying Goods and Services and Consultancy contracts to the Government
sectors
iv. supplying Goods and Services and Consultancy contracts to Government
Ministries and Government Departments
v. functions organized by the Semi - Government Agencies.
- SOLE PROPRIETOR. is the simplest form of business organization. It is owned
by one person, but it need not be operated by that person alone. It can even
have large numbers of employees
- Total fees of RM70 to be paid upon registration as a SOLE PROPRIETOR with
Companies Commission of Malaysia (Suruhanjaya Syarikat Malaysia or SSM)

4. - After a company had register with the Treasury Registration (Kewangan MOF
Registrations), the company is able to submit quotations, obtain tender document
and submit tender bid through ePerolehan system. The system allows suppliers
to register or renew their registration with the Ministry of Finance through the
Internet.
- In regards to marketing promotions, all of the following are considered;
o the promotion mix can provide value-added benefits
o the positioning of a product cannot be accomplished until a specific market
segment has been identified
o the choice of a promotion mix should consider the target audience
o Personal selling can be effective when potential buyers have question
about the seller’s products
- TV is the most-used medium and reaches the most people
- Example of Creative selling: As a chief personal selling strategy is to persuade
buyers that are benefits to your company’s product, especially buyers who are
unfamiliar with its features and uses since this is the unique design from your
product design team.
- CRM software (Customer Relationship Management) strategy can save you time
and money in running a business, yet allow you to scale your solution as your
organization grows.
- ERP system (Enterprise Resource Planning)
- ROI (Return On Investment) will shows the return based on actual sales as a
result of your marketing campaign can be measured specifically.
- For every project hand over must refer to the documents below:
i. Both parties agreement
ii. Invoice or Performa invoice
iii. Project hand over document acceptance