This document summarizes preliminary findings from the first survey round of a project studying the food-energy-water nexus in sub-Saharan Africa. Key findings include average farm sizes of 3 acres and crop yields; low dietary diversity scores of 5 out of 10 food groups on average; irrigation practices and willingness to contribute to hypothetical irrigation schemes; fuel sources of mostly firewood; cookstove-related health issues; and willingness to pay for improved cookstoves. Upcoming research steps will involve cookstove sales, choice experiments, and a second survey round to collect more detailed data.
Tittonell - Tradeoffs in resource managementCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Mowo - Targeting farmer’s priorities for effective agricultural intensificati...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Zingore - 4R Nutrient Stewardship in the context of smallholder agriculture i...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Tittonell - Tradeoffs in resource managementCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Mowo - Targeting farmer’s priorities for effective agricultural intensificati...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Zingore - 4R Nutrient Stewardship in the context of smallholder agriculture i...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Planning, implementing and evaluating Climate-Smart Agriculture in smallholde...FAO
http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/
This presentation by Janie Rioux, FAO, outlines the experience of the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) pilot projects in Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania.
By Jitendra Kumar Sundaray, A. Bhattacharya, A.G. Ponniah, T.K. Ghoshal, A.D. Deo, J.P. Sharma, M. Phillips
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh
http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/
Chandrashekhar Biradar (ICARDA) • UNFSS Independent Dialogue in Egypt: “The R...Lina Abdelfattah
This dialogue discussed the importance of water security for all aspects of Egypt’s food systems, with a focus on equity, inclusion, capacity, innovation, and sustainability, including insights on how food systems need to change to improve water security (SDG 6), help eliminate hunger (SGD2), support energy security (SDG 7) and improve climate adaptation and mitigation action (SDG 13). As Egypt and the MENA region map out the road to UNFSS 2021, the dialogue discussed key messages that need to be heard at UNFSS 2021.
Use of On-farm Low Cost Techniques in Smallholders Irrigation- Experiences fr...ICARDA
Presentation by Dr. Ithar Khalil
World Food Programme
Egypt Country Egypt
Eng. Othman El Shaikh
Project Manager
Building Resilient Food Security Systems to Benefit the Southern Egypt Region Project
Philip Thornton, Todd Rosenstock, Christine Lamanna, Pat Bell, Wiebke Förch, Ben Henderson, Mario Herrero
CCAFS-ILRI, ICRAF, Ohio State University, GIZ SADC, OECD, CSIRO
The multilevel CSA monitoring set of standard core uptake and outcome indicators + expanded indicators linked to a rapid and reliable ICT based data collection instrument to systematically
assess and monitor:
- CSA Adoption/ Access to CIS
- CSA effects on food security and livelihoods household level)
- CSA effects on farm performance
Improving estimates of GHG emission factors from livestock production systems...ILRI
In sub-Saharan Africa, agriculture is estimated to account for over 60% of GHG emissions, primarily due to land use change and enteric methane production in ruminants; and over 80% of agriculture (both area and production) is smallholder systems. No empirical studies on enteric CH4 emissions and very few studies on GHG emissions from soils in these systems have been conducted. This study sampled 60 farms in western Kenya using static chambers (3 reps) and analyzed soils once for total C/N content, BD and texture and 4 times for soil IN concentration.
Does irrigation have an impact on food security and poverty? Evidence from Bw...IFPRIMaSSP
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of irrigation on food security and poverty using a case study of Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme in Malawi. Data used in the analysis were collected from 412 households – 169 participants in the irrigation scheme and 243 non-participants. Due to the non-random selection of participants into the irrigation scheme, the study used endogenous switching regression to correct for sample selection bias. Propensity score matching was then used to measure the impact of irrigation on food security and poverty. Daily per capita caloric intake and agricultural income were the proxy measures used to measure food security and poverty, respectively. Despite farmers selling paddy rice at the farm gate on an individual basis and operating in an environment with inadequate water supply, the findings revealed that irrigation had a positive impact on annual agricultural income and daily per capita caloric intake. The impact of irrigation on household annual agricultural income was different among the participants, with those cultivating both rice and maize earning more agricultural income than their counterparts growing rice only. The results also showed a positive impact of irrigation on daily per capita caloric intake was similar with both groups of participants consuming relatively the same amount of daily per capita caloric intake than what they would have consumed if they did not participate in the irrigation scheme. In addition, traditionally marginalized groups such as the youth, female headed and the low-income households earned more agricultural income than what they would have earned if they did not participate in the irrigation scheme. However, the low-income household earned the least amount of agricultural income. The recommendations from the study are that irrigation interventions should be up scaled to other areas with potential irrigable land and should promote the growing of more than one crop. In addition, irrigation schemes should promote bulk marketing of processed rice through contract relationships with institutions (i.e. schools, prisons, hospitals) and private traders
Keating - Sustainable intensification and the food security challenge CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Gahakwa - Overview of agricultural research in Rwanda for the past 10 yearsCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
van Asten P. 2014. Implementing Climate-Smart Agriculture. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security.
Contents:
1. CCAFS – what we do
2. What is CSA in the African context
3. Best bet CSA technologies
4. CSA services and approaches
5. How can we identify the priorities?
6. Collaborative possibilities
The Food Security-Energy-Water Nexus in Mozambique – Insights from analyzing improved cook stoves and small-scale irrigation - Stefan Meyer
Presentation at MSU/IFPRI conference on “Agricultural Public Investments, Policies, and Markets for Mozambique’s Food Security and Economic Transformation”, Maputo, Mozambique, 20 November 2014
Portuguese version: http://www.slideshare.net/IFPRIDSG/stefan-port
Presentation by P.K. Aggarwal, A. Khatri-Chetri, P.B. Shirsath, M.L. Jat, P.T. Thornton and A. Jarvis at the Our Common Future Under Climate Change conference CFCC15
Planning, implementing and evaluating Climate-Smart Agriculture in smallholde...FAO
http://www.fao.org/in-action/micca/
This presentation by Janie Rioux, FAO, outlines the experience of the Mitigation of Climate Change in Agriculture (MICCA) pilot projects in Kenya and the United Republic of Tanzania.
By Jitendra Kumar Sundaray, A. Bhattacharya, A.G. Ponniah, T.K. Ghoshal, A.D. Deo, J.P. Sharma, M. Phillips
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference
21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh
http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/
Chandrashekhar Biradar (ICARDA) • UNFSS Independent Dialogue in Egypt: “The R...Lina Abdelfattah
This dialogue discussed the importance of water security for all aspects of Egypt’s food systems, with a focus on equity, inclusion, capacity, innovation, and sustainability, including insights on how food systems need to change to improve water security (SDG 6), help eliminate hunger (SGD2), support energy security (SDG 7) and improve climate adaptation and mitigation action (SDG 13). As Egypt and the MENA region map out the road to UNFSS 2021, the dialogue discussed key messages that need to be heard at UNFSS 2021.
Use of On-farm Low Cost Techniques in Smallholders Irrigation- Experiences fr...ICARDA
Presentation by Dr. Ithar Khalil
World Food Programme
Egypt Country Egypt
Eng. Othman El Shaikh
Project Manager
Building Resilient Food Security Systems to Benefit the Southern Egypt Region Project
Philip Thornton, Todd Rosenstock, Christine Lamanna, Pat Bell, Wiebke Förch, Ben Henderson, Mario Herrero
CCAFS-ILRI, ICRAF, Ohio State University, GIZ SADC, OECD, CSIRO
The multilevel CSA monitoring set of standard core uptake and outcome indicators + expanded indicators linked to a rapid and reliable ICT based data collection instrument to systematically
assess and monitor:
- CSA Adoption/ Access to CIS
- CSA effects on food security and livelihoods household level)
- CSA effects on farm performance
Improving estimates of GHG emission factors from livestock production systems...ILRI
In sub-Saharan Africa, agriculture is estimated to account for over 60% of GHG emissions, primarily due to land use change and enteric methane production in ruminants; and over 80% of agriculture (both area and production) is smallholder systems. No empirical studies on enteric CH4 emissions and very few studies on GHG emissions from soils in these systems have been conducted. This study sampled 60 farms in western Kenya using static chambers (3 reps) and analyzed soils once for total C/N content, BD and texture and 4 times for soil IN concentration.
Does irrigation have an impact on food security and poverty? Evidence from Bw...IFPRIMaSSP
The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of irrigation on food security and poverty using a case study of Bwanje Valley Irrigation Scheme in Malawi. Data used in the analysis were collected from 412 households – 169 participants in the irrigation scheme and 243 non-participants. Due to the non-random selection of participants into the irrigation scheme, the study used endogenous switching regression to correct for sample selection bias. Propensity score matching was then used to measure the impact of irrigation on food security and poverty. Daily per capita caloric intake and agricultural income were the proxy measures used to measure food security and poverty, respectively. Despite farmers selling paddy rice at the farm gate on an individual basis and operating in an environment with inadequate water supply, the findings revealed that irrigation had a positive impact on annual agricultural income and daily per capita caloric intake. The impact of irrigation on household annual agricultural income was different among the participants, with those cultivating both rice and maize earning more agricultural income than their counterparts growing rice only. The results also showed a positive impact of irrigation on daily per capita caloric intake was similar with both groups of participants consuming relatively the same amount of daily per capita caloric intake than what they would have consumed if they did not participate in the irrigation scheme. In addition, traditionally marginalized groups such as the youth, female headed and the low-income households earned more agricultural income than what they would have earned if they did not participate in the irrigation scheme. However, the low-income household earned the least amount of agricultural income. The recommendations from the study are that irrigation interventions should be up scaled to other areas with potential irrigable land and should promote the growing of more than one crop. In addition, irrigation schemes should promote bulk marketing of processed rice through contract relationships with institutions (i.e. schools, prisons, hospitals) and private traders
Keating - Sustainable intensification and the food security challenge CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Gahakwa - Overview of agricultural research in Rwanda for the past 10 yearsCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
van Asten P. 2014. Implementing Climate-Smart Agriculture. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security.
Contents:
1. CCAFS – what we do
2. What is CSA in the African context
3. Best bet CSA technologies
4. CSA services and approaches
5. How can we identify the priorities?
6. Collaborative possibilities
The Food Security-Energy-Water Nexus in Mozambique – Insights from analyzing improved cook stoves and small-scale irrigation - Stefan Meyer
Presentation at MSU/IFPRI conference on “Agricultural Public Investments, Policies, and Markets for Mozambique’s Food Security and Economic Transformation”, Maputo, Mozambique, 20 November 2014
Portuguese version: http://www.slideshare.net/IFPRIDSG/stefan-port
Presentation by P.K. Aggarwal, A. Khatri-Chetri, P.B. Shirsath, M.L. Jat, P.T. Thornton and A. Jarvis at the Our Common Future Under Climate Change conference CFCC15
Presentation by Dr. Sonja Vermeulen at the UN Climate Talks in Bonn, 17 May 2016. Find out more about this event and work by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security at https://ccafs.cgiar.org/sb44-side-event-adapting-climate-change-agricultural-systems-experience-latin-america-africa-and
De Groote_2018_Randomized interventions and impact nutrition sensitive agricu...Hugo De Groote
In the last 50 years, the Green Revolution increased crop yields, increasing food security and incomes of rural households and largely averted anticipated famines. The emphasis of agricultural research then was on quantity and macronutrients but left quality mostly left untouched. In recent years, however, the emphasis has shifted to food quality, focusing on improving the nutrient content of staple crops, improved food processing and safety, and ultimately dietary diversity in vulnerable populations, in particular with amino acids and micronutrients (especially zinc, iron and vitamin A), but also to dietary diversity. From a focus on production of cereals and staples, research now includes food processing and consumption, and follows the value chain from rural producers to urban consumers.
Economic analysis and impact assessment in the days of the green revolution was relatively straight forward: observations of yield increases from the new technologies were combined with estimation of adoption levels and costs lead to benefit cost analysis and impact assessment. Impact on food security was mostly assessed by calculating the increased amount of calories available per person, and impact on poverty by estimated the increased incomes of rural households and the decreased poverty rates.
The impact assessment of the new nutrition-sensitive agricultural technologies is not as straightforward as that of the green revolution and has required new interdisciplinary methodological developments. How do we measure increases in food quality and dietary diversity? How can we estimate the value of those changes to the consumer? How can we assess the impact of the improved food quality on health? And how do we value the improved health at the individual, household and population level?
This presentation discusses recent methods and their application on a range of new nutrition-sensitive agricultural technologies including biofortified maize varieties such as quality protein maize and orange maize with provitamin A carotenoids, agronomic biofortification with zinc, and hermetic storage of maize to reduce insect damage and mycotoxin contamination.
Presentation by Pramod Aggarwal at the 3rd Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier.
Read more: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/3rd-global-science-conference-%E2%80%9Cclimate-smart-agriculture-2015%E2%80%9D#.VRurLUesXX4
Presentation by Alan Nicol from IWMI at the Land and Water Advantage event on the sidelines of COP23.
More information about the event series: https://bit.ly/AgAdvantage
The population in the tropical uplands particularly in the Southeast Asia is rapidly increasing, but the natural resources are dwindling and degrading. Presentation provides evidence of Conservation Agriculture with Trees increasing crop yields, soil organic matter and income and resilience to environmental stresses (drought, intense rainfall, typhoons), while reducing labor and capital costs.
The contribution of Africa RISING research to development outcomesafrica-rising
Presented by Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon, Mateete Bekunda, Haroon Sseguya and Silvanas Mruma to the USAID Tanzania Country Mission, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 18 September 2017
Intensification of maize-legume based systems in the semi-arid areas of Tanza...africa-rising
Presented by Ganga Rao, NVRP, Kimaro, A., Makumbi, D., Mponda, O., Msangi, R., Rubanza, C.D., Seetha, A., Swai, E. and Okori, P. at the Africa RISING East and Southern Africa annual review and planning meeting, Lilongwe, Malawi, 3-5 September 2013
Presented by Ben Lukuyu, Leonard Marwa, Chrispinus Rubanza, Anthony Kimaro and Christopher Mutungi at at the Africa RISING ESA Project Review and Planning Meeting, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 11-12 September 2019.
Presentation at the 5th Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture.
Title: Building Resilient Food and Agriculture Systems: Advancing actions from UN Climate Action Summit
Speaker: David Howlett
Roti Bank Hyderabad: A Beacon of Hope and NourishmentRoti Bank
One of the top cities of India, Hyderabad is the capital of Telangana and home to some of the biggest companies. But the other aspect of the city is a huge chunk of population that is even deprived of the food and shelter. There are many people in Hyderabad that are not having access to
Vietnam Mushroom Market Growth, Demand and Challenges of the Key Industry Pla...IMARC Group
The Vietnam mushroom market size is projected to exhibit a growth rate (CAGR) of 6.52% during 2024-2032.
More Info:- https://www.imarcgroup.com/vietnam-mushroom-market
Ang Chong Yi Navigating Singaporean Flavors: A Journey from Cultural Heritage...Ang Chong Yi
In the heart of Singapore, where tradition meets modernity, He embarks on a culinary adventure that transcends borders. His mission? Ang Chong Yi Exploring the Cultural Heritage and Identity in Singaporean Cuisine. To explore the rich tapestry of flavours that define Singaporean cuisine while embracing innovative plant-based approaches. Join us as we follow his footsteps through bustling markets, hidden hawker stalls, and vibrant street corners.
Hamdard Laboratories (India), is a Unani pharmaceutical company in India (following the independence of India from Britain, "Hamdard" Unani branches were established in Bangladesh (erstwhile East Pakistan) and Pakistan). It was established in 1906 by Hakeem Hafiz Abdul Majeed in Delhi, and became
a waqf (non-profitable trust) in 1948. It is associated with Hamdard Foundation, a charitable educational trust.
Hamdard' is a compound word derived from Persian, which combines the words 'hum' (used in the sense of 'companion') and 'dard' (meaning 'pain'). 'Hamdard' thus means 'a companion in pain' and 'sympathizer in suffering'.
The goals of Hamdard were lofty; easing the suffering of the sick with healing herbs. With a simple tenet that no one has ever become poor by giving, Hakeem Abdul Majeed let the whole world find compassion in him.
They had always maintained that working in old, traditional ways would not be entirely fruitful. A broader outlook was essential for a continued and meaningful existence. their effective team at Hamdard helped the system gain its pride of place and thus they made an entry into an expansive world of discovery and research.
Hamdard Laboratories was founded in 1906 in Delhi by Hakeem Hafiz Abdul Majeed and Ansarullah Tabani, a Unani practitioner. The name Hamdard means "companion in suffering" in Urdu language.(itself borrowed from Persian) Hakim Hafiz Abdul Majeed was born in Pilibhit City UP, India in 1883 to Sheikh Rahim Bakhsh. He is said to have learnt the complete Quran Sharif by heart. He also studied the origin of Urdu and Persian languages. Subsequently, he acquired the highest degree in the unani system of medicine.
Hakim Hafiz Abdul Majeed got in touch with Hakim Zamal Khan, who had a keen interest in herbs and was famous for identifying medicinal plants. Having consulted with his wife, Abdul Majeed set up a herbal shop at Hauz Qazi in Delhi in 1906 and started to produce herbal medicine there. In 1920 the small herbal shop turned into a full-fledged production house.
Hamdard Foundation was created in 1964 to disburse the profits of the company to promote the interests of the society. All the profits of the company go to the foundation.
After Abdul Majeed's death, his son Hakeem Abdul Hameed took over the administration of Hamdard Laboratories at the age of fourteen.
Even with humble beginnings, the goals of Hamdard were lofty; easing the suffering of the sick with healing herbs. With a simple tenet that no one has ever become poor by giving, Hakeem Abdul Majeed let the whole world find compassion in him. Unfortunately, he passed away quite early but his wife, Rabia Begum, with the support of her son, Hakeem Abdul Hameed, not only kept the institution in existence but also expanded it. As he grew up, Hakeem Abdul Hameed took on all responsibilities. After helping with his younger brother's upbringing and education, he included him in running the institution. Both brothers Hakeem Abdul Hameed and Hakim Mohammed
Food and beverage service Restaurant Services notes V1.pptx
Wtp cookstove irrigation_mc_nulty
1. Preliminary
Findings from
First Survey
Round
Emily McNulty
November 2014
Project: Policies and
Institutions for Achieving
the Virtuous Food-
Energy-Water Nexus in
Sub-Saharan Africa
2. Contents
1. Description of first survey round
2. Micro-level overview of study area
• Food: Farm production, food security
• Water: Irrigation practices, irrigation scheme preferences,
willingness to contribute to irrigation schemes
• Energy: Fuel sources, improved cookstove use, WTP for
improved cookstoves
1. Upcoming research steps
2. Discussion
2
8. Food: Dietary diversity scores
8
• 10 food groups, roughly
divided by nutrients
provided
• Quick assessment
(Kennedy, Ballard, & Dop,
2010)
• Household level
• 24 hour recall period
• Score is number of food
groups eaten
9. Food: DDS and legume consumption
9
• Average score = 5
• Protein levels may be a
concern
• Legume consumption
may increase with
improved cookstove
adoption (energy
security)
• Unsatisfactory
preliminary results for
legume consumption
need to check
conversion factors
Consumption Rates of Food Groups Among
Households
Food group Frequency
Cereals 96%
White tubers, roots 57%
Vegetables 86%
Fruit 30%
Meat 18%
Eggs 13%
Fish, seafood 19%
Legumes, nuts, seeds 69%
Milk, dairy products 12%
Oils, fats 51%
Sugar, sweets 37%
Spices, condiments, beverages 30%
10. Food: Shortages
Food Shortages Experienced in Previous Year
Frequency Percentage of Households
Not at all 50%
A few days per year 18%
Several days per year 16%
Several days per month 7%
Several days per week 10%
• Is self reporting accurate enough?
• Pride
• Stunting
• The Nsima Factor 10
11. Water: Irrigation practices
• Of the 300 HHs, 118 use irrigation
• Improved irrigation may:
• increase yields (food security)
• allow for consecutive harvests in
one year
• free up labor for other activities
(time labor allocation)
11
Use of Irrigation Technologies
Technology Frequency
Bucket/watering can 69%
Treadle Pump 4%
Motorized Pump 2%
Canal/gravity fed 19%
Drip 0%
Bound basin flood 5%
Top Reasons for Not Using an Irrigation Technology
Not
enough
water
Too time
consuming
Too
expensive
Lack of
know-how
Bucket/Watering can X X
Treadle pump X X
Motorized pump X X
Canal/gravity fed X X
Drip irrigation X X X
Bound basin flooding X X
12. Water: Willingness to contribute to
hypothetical irrigation schemes
12
• Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT): two case studies in
Likangala and Domasi (Nkhoma & Mulwafu, 2004)
• Farmers become the main stakeholders, take ownership over
schemes: construct, maintain, manage
• Some difficulties in management transfer: what exactly are
farmers willing to contribute?
13. Water: Willingness to contribute to
hypothetical irrigation schemes
Preferred Technologies for
Hypothetical Irrigation Scheme
Technology Frequency
Motorized pump 102
Treadle pump 99
Canal/gravity fed 40
Drip irrigation 34
Bound basin/paddy 8
Bucket/watering can 1
13
Willingness to Contribute* to Hypothetical Irrigation Scheme
Construction/Set-up Maintenance Management
Temporal Monetary Temporal Monetary Temporal Monetary
Technology
Unpaid
labor
hours per
week
Total
(Kwacha)
Unpaid
labor
hours per
year
Annual
(Kwacha)
Unpaid
labor
hours per
year
Annual
(Kwacha)
Treadle pump 0 1000 60 1000 48 1000
Motorized pump 12 1000 76 1000 50 1000
Canal/gravity fed 7 1000 55 1000 36 600
Drip irrigation 6 1000 64 1000 36 700
Bound
basin/paddy 5 625 20 700 15 500
*50th percentile
14. Energy: Fuel sources
Main Fuel Sources
Frequency
Fuel Rainy Season Dry Season
Firewood 95% 88%
Charcoal 4% 1%
Crop Residues 2% 12%
14
• Rural area: mostly
firewood
•More charcoal used
during rainy season
• Extension agents are
promoting use of crop
residues
15. Energy: Cookstoves and health
15
Stove Related Health Issues*
Affliction** Frequency
Illness with a cough 44%
Cough with short, rapid breaths 20%
Cough affected ability to work 22%
*of those present in the same room as the
stove while the fire is active
**in the six months preceding the survey
Photos by RocketWorks and Stefan Meyer, 2014
• 7% of those present in the kitchen while fire was active had
at least one eye infection in the six months preceding the
survey (food security)
16. Energy: WTP for improved cookstoves
16
• Clay stove will be sold
for 1,200 kwacha
• Metal stove will be
sold for 2,000 kwacha
17. Upcoming research steps
• Sales of improved cookstoves
• More detailed analyses, regressions, socioeconomic
characteristics and their impacts on variables
• Choice experiment analyses
• Improved cookstove pricing, fuel reduction
• Fertilizer coupons or cash transfers conditional on
agroforestry adoption
• Second survey round (May to June 2015)
17
18. Discussion
Irrigation management transfer
• What challenges are there?
• Are there success stories yet? Elsewhere in SSA?
Improved cookstoves
• What does the future of ICS in Malawi look like? Is this a
political/donor fad?
• What will it take for ICS producers to thrive in the free
market/without subsidy?
18
19. 19
Sources
Kennedy, G., Ballard, T., & Dop, M. (2010). Guidelines for
measuring household and individual dietary diversity.
Nutrition and Consumer Protection Division, Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Retrieved
October 10, 2014, from
http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i1983e/i1983e00.pdf
Nkhoma, B. G., & Mulwafu, W. O. (2004). The experience of
irrigation management transfer in two irrigation schemes in
Malawi, 1960s–2002. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,
Parts A/B/C, 29(15-18), 1327–1333.
doi:10.1016/j.pce.2004.09.007
Editor's Notes
Havent had time to look at the outliers, will take a while to evaluate the different types of farmers and their crops, so i present 50th percentile because i think ist more representative than mean
Havent had time to look at the outliers, will take a while to evaluate the different types of farmers and their crops, so i present 50th percentile because i think ist more representative than mean
Say which crops are grown where. WILL compare yields per acre with national/international abverages!!
I did legume statistics, but very unhappy with results. Need to check conversion factors!!!
Which socioeconomic factors affect farmers’ willingness to contribute to irrigation schemes
Are poorer households more willing to contribute labor?
Are households with more available labor less willing to contribute money?
(will be compatible with improved cookstove adoption)
These results are from the baseline questionnaire, Section 14, Question 8: “How much would you be willing to pay for each of these improved cook stoves?” Prior to the interview, respondents were given a brief overview of the functioning, and the pros and cons of both stoves, and they were able to touch and examine them in a group setting.
Which socioeconomic factors affect farmers’ willingness to pay? (e.g. Are female headed households willing to pay more?
Are households further from the forest willing to pay more?)