This document is a lesson aimed at helping children learn how to write paragraphs that compare and contrast different subjects. It outlines the key components of comparison and contrast, including identifying similarities and differences, using graphic organizers like Venn diagrams, and following specific tips for structuring written paragraphs. The lesson concludes with a task for the children to apply what they've learned by writing their own comparison and contrast paragraphs.

2. Hello, children!
Welcome to our class!

3. Today,
you will learn how to write
paragraphs that compare and
contrast.

4. Let’s get started!

5. If you were to pick a pet between
this dog and this cat, what would you
choose? Before you decide, let’s
consider some points.

6. They’re both
adorable, fluffy, and white.

7. On the other hand, dogs like
to play a lot while cats like to
sleep. And when it comes to
cleaning them, puppies need to
be given a bath while cats can
lick themselves clean.

8. Have you picked your choice?
What helped you in deciding
which pet to take?

9. By looking in to their similarities and
differences, you were able to easily
make a decision.

10. When we considered their
similarities and differences,
we did some comparing and
contrasting. That is exactly
what we do when we compare
and contrast objects, events,
or ideas.

11. When you compare or make
a comparison, you identify
what is the same in the
subjects being compared.

12. They are both adorable, fluffy, and white.
The word both is used
to show similarity.

13. Other signal words used
for comparison are:
like, alike, have in common,
similar, similarly, too, and
same.

14. When contrasting,
identify what is
different.

15. Dogs like to play a lot while cats like to
sleep. And when it comes to cleaning
them, dogs need to be given a bath while
cats can lick themselves clean.
The word used to
show their
differences is
while.

16. Other signal words used
to contrast two
or more things are:
but, however, while, on the
other hand, although, contrary
to, as opposed, and instead.

17. To help you
organize
your comparison
and contrast
ideas, let’s use a
Venn Diagram.

18. A Venn Diagram is a
graphic organizer
that uses circles to
show the
relationships among
things.

19. Circles that
overlap shows
commonality.
C
O
M
M
O
N
A
L
I
T
Y

20. C
O
M
M
O
N
A
L
I
T
Y
Circles that do
not overlap do
not share those
traits.
DIFFERENCES DIFFERENCES

21. A venn diagram helps to visually represent
the similarities and differences between two
things or concepts.

22. Now let us use this in comparing and
contrasting the dog and the cat.

23. In the portion where two circles overlap is
where we’re going to write the similarities of
the dog and the cat.
Put the
similarities
here.

24. On each side of the overlapping circles is
where we’re going to place their differences.
Put the
similarities
here.
Dog’s
difference
from cat
Cat’s
difference
from dog

25. Let’s try it by using the following information:
• The dog and the
cat are both are
adorable, fluffy,
and white.
• Dogs like to play a
lot while cats like
to sleep.
• Dogs need to be
given a bath while
cats can lick
themselves clean.
DOG CAT
BOTH

26. Let’s try it by using the following information:
• The dog and the
cat are both are
adorable, fluffy,
and white.
• Dogs like to play a
lot while cats like
to sleep.
• Dogs need to be
given a bath while
cats can lick
themselves clean.
DOG CAT
BOTH
adorable,
fluffy,
and
white

27. Let’s try it by using the following information:
• The dog and the
cat are both are
adorable, fluffy,
and white.
• Dogs like to play a
lot while cats like
to sleep.
• Dogs need to be
given a bath while
cats can lick
themselves clean.
DOG CAT
BOTH
adorable,
fluffy,
and
white
• like to
play a
lot
• like to
sleep
• needs
to be
given
• can lick
themselves
clean

28. That is how simple to use the
Venn diagram! All you have to do
is place the similarities to the
overlapping circles in the middle
and the differences on each side.

29. Now, it’s your turn. Read the
paragraph about butterflies and
bees. Compare and contrast by
identifying their commonality and
differences. Use the Venn
diagram to present your answers.

31. Now,
let’s check
your work.

32. BOTH
• live all over the
world
BUTTERFLIES BEES
• have 4 wings
• feed off of nectar
and pollen from
flowers
• have brightly
colored wings
• do not live in colonies
and often travel by
themselves
• wings are
transparent
• live in colonies

33. It’s good that you now know
how to identify similarities
and differences, and organize
these ideas in a venn diagram.

34. You know what?
This is very useful in writing
paragraphs that show
comparison and contrast.

35. Let’s now find out
how this skill can be applied
in writing such paragraph.

36. When planning to write
a comparison and contrast
paragraph, you have to write about
similarities and differences.
You can’t just do one. You have to
do both. Otherwise, it can’t be
called a comparison and contrast
paragraph.

37. Remember that comparison
and contrast paragraph is a
text in which the similarities
and differences of two
subjects are presented and
organized logically.

38. To write
comparison and contrast
paragraph, you should
remember the following tips:

39. #1
Choose at least
two subjects you want to
describe.

40. They should be related
in any way. Do not choose
subjects that are completely
unrelated to each other
because you will have difficulty
in finding their similarities.

41. #2
Identify their similarities
and differences,
and organize them
in a Venn diagram.

42. #3
Make a topic sentence
where you include the
subjects you are comparing so
your readers would exactly
know what you’re going to
compare and contrast.

43. #4
Follow your topic sentence
with supporting details
grouped together.

44. For example,
after stating the topic
sentence, you might want
to start by stating their
differences, and after that
the similarities follow.

45. Or you might want
to say how they are the same
with each other first
and then followed by their
differences.

46. #5
Use transition
or signal words that show
similarities and differences.

47. These are signal words that
show similarities:
like, alike, have in common,
similar, similarly, too,
and same

48. but, however, while, on the
other hand, although,
contrary to, as opposed,
and instead.
These are signal words that
show similarities:

49. #6
Sum up everything with a
concluding statement. It could
be a recommendation or a
conclusion.

50. Here is an example
of similarities and differences
presented in a Venn diagram.

52. To write this in paragraph form, let’s state
the topic sentence:
Rice terraces and plain rice fields are
alike in few ways and different in many
others.

53. It is then followed by supporting details that
talk about why they are alike in few ways.
This is marked by a signal word BOTH.
Rice terraces and plain rice fields are
alike in few ways and different in many
others. Both are prepared paddy areas for
planting rice and perhaps, other crops.

54. The next sentence shows another
similarity.
Rice terraces and plain rice fields are
alike in few ways and different in many
others. Both are prepared paddy areas for
planting rice and perhaps, other crops. These
two farmlands can be irrigated so that plants
may have enough water to thrive.

55. The next paragraph, deals with the differences between
rice terraces and plain rice fields. It begins with the signal
word however to show that the following statements are in
contrast to the first paragraph.
However, rice terraces are pieces of sloped planes that have
been cut into steps.

56. The next sentence states an additional
detail.
However, rice terraces are pieces of sloped planes that have
been cut into steps. They are commonly used to farm on hilly or
mountainous terrain.

57. The next sentence shows how plain rice field is
different from rice terraces. It begins with a
transitional word.
However, rice terraces are pieces of sloped planes that have
been cut into steps. They are commonly used to farm on hilly or
mountainous terrain. On the other hand, plain rice fields or paddies
are flat and wide surfaces of land usually farmed on valleys and
plains.

58. It is then followed by another pair of
differences using the signal word while.
However, rice terraces are pieces of sloped planes that have
been cut into steps. They are commonly used to farm on hilly or
mountainous terrain. On the other hand, plain rice fields or paddies
are flat and wide surfaces of land usually farmed on valleys and
plains. Rice terraces need more effort and time for farmers to
transport farming tools and other equipment, while plain rice fields
allow easier management of such materials.

59. Then, it is summed up by a concluding
sentence.
However, rice terraces are pieces of sloped planes that have
been cut into steps. They are commonly used to farm on hilly or
mountainous terrain. On the other hand, plain rice fields or paddies
are flat and wide surfaces of land usually farmed on valleys and
plains. Rice terraces need more effort and time for farmers to
transport farming tools and other equipment, while plain rice fields
allow easier management of such materials. Though alike and
different in some other ways, what matters most in both farms is
the effective production of staple foods such as rice, corn, wheat,
and other crops.

60. Now, it is time for you
to practice what you learned
today by writing
your own paragraphs.

61. Remember that comparison
and contrast paragraphs
require for similarities and
differences of at least
two subjects.

62. In order
to effectively make one,
remember the six tips
that I gave a while ago.

63. #1
Choose at least
two subjects you want
to describe

64. #2
Identify their
similarities and differences,
and organize them
in a Venn diagram.

65. #3
Make a topic sentence.

66. #4
Follow your topic sentence
with supporting details
grouped together.

67. #5
Use the transition
or signal words that show
similarities and differences.

68. #6
Sum up everything with a
concluding statement.

69. Now,
here’s your task.

70. Here is the Rubrics for
Scoring your work.

71. Select from the given topics
and write at least two paragraphs
showing comparison and contrast
about the one you picked.
Use the Venn diagram in organizing
your ideas. Write your paragraphs
in a one whole sheet of paper.

73. A bicycle and a motorcycle
Basketball and football
Plastic bag and paper bag
Tiktok and Facebook
BOTH
________ ________

74. Once you’re done,
you may show your work
to your teacher
or to any adult
supervising your studies.

75. They may use
the scoring rubrics
for comparison and
contrast paragraph in
rating your work.

76. We have reached
the end of our lesson,
and I would like to congratulate
you for successfully learning how
to write a comparison and
contrast paragraph!

77. I will see you again on our
next virtual class where
English is made easy with
Teacher Jerrica.
Goodbye, kids!