This document discusses techniques for analyzing the nip impression between rolls, including obtaining nip impressions through various methods like using carbon paper or electronic sensors. It explains how to measure and interpret nip widths and pressures to evaluate force distribution across the roll face. The importance of symmetrical loading and other factors like hardness and diameter profiles are also covered. Modern simulation tools are available to model these parameters and optimize roll performance.
A nonuniform nip is nearly synonymous with a nonuniform product. Uneven nips are also a common cause of web
handling waste such as wrinkles, web breaks and other troubles. There are many causes for nonuniform nips.
However, all are readily detectable by using nip impression paper. Nip impression paper is an indispensable tool for
process and product troubleshooting as well as for nip roller system maintenance. This technique is good, fast and
cheap. There is no good substitute.
Rapid Fabrication of Nylon Surgical Sutures by 3D Printingjournal ijrtem
Abstract : Non-absorbable sutures such as monofilament nylon sutures are widely used in surgical treatments. These monofilament nylon sutures are fabricated by complicated extrusion process. In this study, a 3D printer is used for the first time to produce monofilament nylon suture, which could be used for eyes surgeries and others applications. Sutures fabricated in this study have diameter various from 60 to 100 μm, with capability of holding up to 4N load, which is comparable to the ones manufactured from conventional monofilament extrusion process. Keywords: 3D printing, monofilament suture, rapid prototyping
The document provides details about Shiv Offset India Pvt. Ltd., a printing company that specializes in foil and file printing. It describes the various machines used, including CNC, cutting, printing, punching, pasting, and folding machines. The printing process involves multiple stages from plate making to printing to punching, sorting, pasting, inspection, and packaging. File printing specifically involves 6 stages - sheet cutting and plate making, printing, punching, sorting and pasting, inspection, and packing. Offset printing technology is highlighted as providing high quality prints at large volumes with less maintenance compared to other printing methods.
Best Practices for Taking Nip Width ImpressionsJeffrey Stark
The use of nip impression papers to determine the actual nip widths of pairs of rolls under operating conditions is too infrequently used. Normally, if the web being processed appears to be uniform in moisture content as it leaves the process, it is assumed that all is working well along the line. Uneven
pressure along the width of the roll caused by insufficient crown will not be detectable by tests on the finished product, provided the pressure is not high enough to actually start crushing the web being rocessed.
This document discusses tack measurement and provides definitions of tack. It describes parameters that affect tack measurement results, including equipment design and test method accuracy. The recommended procedure for tack measurement involves precise control of ink application, roller temperature, and measurement speeds and times. A new method for measuring tack with controlled water application can reveal differences in ink water uptake and release rates.
High performance foil rotor improves de ink pulp screenducnamtrinh
- A novel dual element foil (DEF) rotor was developed to improve stickies removal efficiency in paper recycling screening while using less power than conventional rotors.
- In a mill trial, the DEF rotor achieved 42% lower power consumption than the existing rotor at an optimized lower tip speed, while maintaining screen capacity and runnability. It also achieved higher stickies removal efficiency.
- The DEF rotor design optimizes the negative pressure pulse for cleaning while minimizing the positive pulse that could force stickies through slots. This allows for more efficient screening at lower tip speeds and power usage.
Improving reel-building with multivariable CD control.pdfmaheshbalan206
This document discusses improving reel-building through better control of the cross-machine direction caliper profile of paper sheets. It summarizes that uneven caliper profiles can cause issues when large diameter reels are built. A multivariable controller can coordinate multiple actuators, like calender rolls and dilution valves, to improve caliper profiles based on measurements from contacting or optical sensors. Combining different actuators is effective because they impact caliper profiles in different ways due to differences in their zone widths and response characteristics. Case studies demonstrate that a multivariable approach can simultaneously improve sheet properties and reel-building.
IRJET- Paper Bag Making Machine using Newspaper as a Raw MaterialIRJET Journal
This document describes a machine that produces paper bags using newspaper as the raw material. The machine was created to reduce plastic waste and pollution by replacing plastic bags. It consists of a frame, internal and external guides made of galvanized iron to shape the paper, gluing mechanisms to seal the bags, rollers connected to motors to move the paper through the machine. Newspaper is fed into the internal and external guides which shape it into a circular form. Glue is applied to seal the bag. The finished paper bags are an economically viable alternative to plastic bags that can support small businesses and reduce environmental impact. The document evaluates the machine's potential uses and validates the strength properties of different types of paper that can be used to
A nonuniform nip is nearly synonymous with a nonuniform product. Uneven nips are also a common cause of web
handling waste such as wrinkles, web breaks and other troubles. There are many causes for nonuniform nips.
However, all are readily detectable by using nip impression paper. Nip impression paper is an indispensable tool for
process and product troubleshooting as well as for nip roller system maintenance. This technique is good, fast and
cheap. There is no good substitute.
Rapid Fabrication of Nylon Surgical Sutures by 3D Printingjournal ijrtem
Abstract : Non-absorbable sutures such as monofilament nylon sutures are widely used in surgical treatments. These monofilament nylon sutures are fabricated by complicated extrusion process. In this study, a 3D printer is used for the first time to produce monofilament nylon suture, which could be used for eyes surgeries and others applications. Sutures fabricated in this study have diameter various from 60 to 100 μm, with capability of holding up to 4N load, which is comparable to the ones manufactured from conventional monofilament extrusion process. Keywords: 3D printing, monofilament suture, rapid prototyping
The document provides details about Shiv Offset India Pvt. Ltd., a printing company that specializes in foil and file printing. It describes the various machines used, including CNC, cutting, printing, punching, pasting, and folding machines. The printing process involves multiple stages from plate making to printing to punching, sorting, pasting, inspection, and packaging. File printing specifically involves 6 stages - sheet cutting and plate making, printing, punching, sorting and pasting, inspection, and packing. Offset printing technology is highlighted as providing high quality prints at large volumes with less maintenance compared to other printing methods.
Best Practices for Taking Nip Width ImpressionsJeffrey Stark
The use of nip impression papers to determine the actual nip widths of pairs of rolls under operating conditions is too infrequently used. Normally, if the web being processed appears to be uniform in moisture content as it leaves the process, it is assumed that all is working well along the line. Uneven
pressure along the width of the roll caused by insufficient crown will not be detectable by tests on the finished product, provided the pressure is not high enough to actually start crushing the web being rocessed.
This document discusses tack measurement and provides definitions of tack. It describes parameters that affect tack measurement results, including equipment design and test method accuracy. The recommended procedure for tack measurement involves precise control of ink application, roller temperature, and measurement speeds and times. A new method for measuring tack with controlled water application can reveal differences in ink water uptake and release rates.
High performance foil rotor improves de ink pulp screenducnamtrinh
- A novel dual element foil (DEF) rotor was developed to improve stickies removal efficiency in paper recycling screening while using less power than conventional rotors.
- In a mill trial, the DEF rotor achieved 42% lower power consumption than the existing rotor at an optimized lower tip speed, while maintaining screen capacity and runnability. It also achieved higher stickies removal efficiency.
- The DEF rotor design optimizes the negative pressure pulse for cleaning while minimizing the positive pulse that could force stickies through slots. This allows for more efficient screening at lower tip speeds and power usage.
Improving reel-building with multivariable CD control.pdfmaheshbalan206
This document discusses improving reel-building through better control of the cross-machine direction caliper profile of paper sheets. It summarizes that uneven caliper profiles can cause issues when large diameter reels are built. A multivariable controller can coordinate multiple actuators, like calender rolls and dilution valves, to improve caliper profiles based on measurements from contacting or optical sensors. Combining different actuators is effective because they impact caliper profiles in different ways due to differences in their zone widths and response characteristics. Case studies demonstrate that a multivariable approach can simultaneously improve sheet properties and reel-building.
IRJET- Paper Bag Making Machine using Newspaper as a Raw MaterialIRJET Journal
This document describes a machine that produces paper bags using newspaper as the raw material. The machine was created to reduce plastic waste and pollution by replacing plastic bags. It consists of a frame, internal and external guides made of galvanized iron to shape the paper, gluing mechanisms to seal the bags, rollers connected to motors to move the paper through the machine. Newspaper is fed into the internal and external guides which shape it into a circular form. Glue is applied to seal the bag. The finished paper bags are an economically viable alternative to plastic bags that can support small businesses and reduce environmental impact. The document evaluates the machine's potential uses and validates the strength properties of different types of paper that can be used to
The document discusses several tests used to evaluate the properties of films and packages, including:
- Specular gloss measures the fraction of light reflected from a sample's surface.
- Haze measures the percentage of transmitted light that is scattered by a transparent sample.
- Transmittance measures the percentage of light transmitted through a translucent sample.
- Tear, tensile, and elongation tests measure a material's strength, flexibility, and resistance to tearing or breaking. Impact tests similarly evaluate a material's resistance to breaking from blows or impacts.
- Permeability tests like water vapor transmission measure how quickly gases pass through a material, important for evaluating moisture barriers.
This document describes research into developing a three-axis printer for printing sensors directly onto gear surfaces using conductive ink and a laser sintering process. Initial experiments were conducted printing conductive patterns on polyimide layers to determine optimal laser sintering parameters. Tests varied the laser focus distance, power, and printing feed speed. Results showed the lowest resistance was achieved at a laser focus distance of 40mm, and resistance decreased with increasing laser power up to 25% of maximum power. Faster feed speeds also reduced resistance of the printed patterns. The goal is to use these parameter optimizations to develop a multi-axis printer that can print sensors directly onto complex gear geometries.
Blue Berry Consulting & Trade Show Corr DivisionJamal Joseph Nasr
The document describes products and services offered by BlueBerry consulting & trade s.a.r.l for the corrugated packaging industry, including roll movers, steam hot plates, wax applicators, and tools for measuring and improving nip alignment between rolls.
The document summarizes Ahlström Osakeyhtio's Fibreflow waste paper processing system. Some key points:
- Fibreflow uses a rotating drum to defiberize waste paper through repeated dropping onto a hard surface, achieving a high defiberization degree with no cutting.
- The drum can process materials at 15% consistency, allowing for simplified downstream processing. It efficiently separates fiber from contaminants.
- Fibreflow has lower costs than conventional systems due to simpler machinery requirements, lower chemical and power consumption.
- It is well-suited for mixed waste and deinking processes. Municipal solid waste is also being tested as a potential fiber source.
Core compression tester p500 d p1000d 2018Rohit Chawla
This document describes the Core Compression Model #P500/1000D, a machine used to test the collapsing strength of paper tubes, bobbins, and cores. It directly measures the collapsing force without requiring calculations. The collapsing strength depends on factors like the quality and quantity of paper and adhesive used, the manufacturing process, and moisture content. The machine applies gradually increasing force to the carrier and easily detects the sharp collapsing point using a loadcell and digital indicator. It can perform radial, flat, or vertical crush tests depending on the intended use of the paper tube or core.
The document discusses challenges and guidelines for printing solder paste with step stencils. It analyzes how factors like squeegee speed, pressure, angle, and material affect the amount of paste residue near step edges. Testing showed circular apertures near steep step downs had lower transfer efficiency than oblong apertures due to more residue. Guidelines recommend reducing speed, increasing pressure, changing the angle to 45°, and using a polymer squeegee to minimize residue for consistent paste transfer. Apertures far from step edges showed high transfer efficiency regardless of geometry or step height.
This research paper examines process parameters for micro gravure coating to improve the quality of wet coatings. Micro gravure coating involves applying a liquid adhesive to a moving substrate using an engraved roller to create a uniform coating. The paper discusses how coating quality is directly proportional to viscosity, micro gravure speed, and inversely proportional to web speed. Experiments were conducted varying parameters like viscosity, web speed, micro gravure speed, and blade position. The results showed that coating deposition increases as the ratio of micro gravure speed to web speed increases, up to a ratio of around 100-130%, above which deposition decreases and instability occurs. Maintaining an appropriate speed ratio is important for achieving uniform and consistent coating thickness.
AN OVERVIEW OF PROCESS PARAMETERS OF MICRO GRAVURE COATER TO IMPROVE THE QUAL...IAEME Publication
Lamination is the process of applying the wet adhesive on the substrate. Later it is dried in oven or by means of u .v. lamp. The process is accomplished with the help of a roll which revolves in opposite direction to the web travel in an adhesive pan. The roll is engraved or the helical grooves are cut on it with great precision. This roll is also called as gravure roll. In conventional gravure roll the diameter of the engraved rolls are typically in the range of 125 to 250mm, but in micro-gravure the rolls diameters is in the range of 20 to 50 mm
This document summarizes different printing processes. It discusses relief printing processes like letterpress and flexography where the image areas are in relief. It also discusses lithographic/offset printing which uses the principle that oil and water don't mix to transfer images. Recess printing like gravure is also mentioned. The document provides details on the mechanics and image transfer methods of each process. It focuses in depth on letterpress and lithography/offset which are the most commonly used historically and today.
This document provides an overview of different printing processes, including relief printing (letterpress and flexography), planographic printing (offset lithography), and digital printing. It focuses on describing relief printing and letterpress, the earliest forms of printing where the image areas are in relief and non-image areas are recessed. Letterpress uses movable metal type and engraved blocks to transfer ink directly from the printing surface to the substrate through pressure. The document also describes flexography, an evolution of relief printing that uses flexible rubber or plastic plates to print on substrates like packaging materials.
IRJET- Cost Effective Manufacturing and Optimization of the Formula Student N...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the cost-effective manufacturing and optimization of a nose cone for a Formula Student car. It describes the modeling of the nose cone in Solidworks based on competition rules. A mold was created using polystyrene sheets and plaster of paris without CNC machining. Carbon fiber pre-pregs were laid into the mold by hand and vacuum bagged to cure. Testing showed the manufactured nose cone weighed 1.7kg and withstood 205N of force before failure, demonstrating sufficient strength for the application. The process outlined provides a low-cost method for Formula teams to manufacture composite nose cones.
Impact of Piecing Index on Combed Yarn Qualityijtsrd
After combing operation is completed, the detaching rollers feedback a part of the previously formed web. The nippers swing forward and lay the just combed fringe onto the web portion projecting from the detaching rollers. This is called piecing of web in comber machine. Many parameters such as fibre properties, machine settings and process parameters affect the piecing and thus yarn quality. In this paper, the effect of piecing index on combed yarn quality was studied. Conventional and high speed comber machines were chosen and samples were taken by changing various piecing index. Based on the study, piecing index influences the sliver U , yarn IPI and classimat faults. Smaller variation in piecing index severely affects the sliver and yarn quality and no rule to determine the optimum piecing index for a particular process. A. Muralikrishnan "Impact of Piecing Index on Combed Yarn Quality" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52536.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/textile-engineering/52536/impact-of-piecing-index-on-combed-yarn-quality/a-muralikrishnan
IRJET - Design and Development of Multi-Material Extrusion in FDM 3D PrintersIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a multi-material extrusion system for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers. Traditionally, FDM printers can only print with one material at a time. The authors propose a design that uses multiple hot end and extruder assemblies that can be picked up and replaced by the printer carriage. This would allow the printer to print with different materials without pausing the print. The key advantages are that replacement of damaged parts would be fast and simple, and other toolheads like laser cutters could also be easily installed on the printer. Two initial prototype designs are described - one using a cam mechanism to move a single hot end up and down, and another using a lifting mechanism to
The document summarizes several coating methods used in manufacturing coated products, including gravure coating, comma coating, reverse roll coating, hot melt coating, metering rod/Meyer bar coating, knife over roll coating, slot orifice coating, immersion/dip coating, and curtain coating. It provides details on some key methods, such as how gravure coating uses an engraved roller to apply coating from a bath, and how Meyer bar coating uses a wire-wound rod to meter the desired amount of coating applied by a bath roller.
The document describes a cone compression tester machine that measures the collapsing strength of paper cones used as yarn carriers. The collapsing strength depends on factors like the quality of paper and adhesive used, the manufacturing process, and moisture content. The machine applies a gradually increasing radial force to the cone until the sharp collapsing point is reached, directly measuring and displaying the collapsing load without requiring calculations. It features an electro-pneumatic system and can test cones or packing materials at loads up to 300 kgf.
Comparative study of printability analysis on pvc cast and pet g filmsIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of gravure printing process parameters on dot skips (missing dots) when printing on PVC cast and PET-G shrink films. Experiments were conducted using a pilot scale gravure press with variations in line screen, viscosity, speed, and hardness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the design of experiments and identify the most influential factors in minimizing dot skips. The results showed that line screen ruling and hardness were the most important factors, and they were able to reduce dot skips by 79% and 87% for PVC and PET-G films respectively. Printability indicators like density, dot area, and tone curve were also evaluated and found to be similar between the
The document discusses overcoming limitations of 3D printing flexible plastics by using Arnitel ID filament from DSM. Flexible filaments can buckle during printing, interrupting the process. Arnitel ID reduces this issue through its low surface friction, enabled by lubricating additives, allowing higher printing speeds of 50-60 mm/s while maintaining interlayer adhesion. DSM analyzed how material properties, filament diameter, and printing speed affect critical buckling length to successfully print with flexible plastics.
Rotogravure printing has a long history dating back to the 19th century when developments allowed photo-mechanical printing plates. By the early 20th century, gravure was being used for postage stamps, newspaper supplements, and advertisements. The process relies on an engraved roller that picks up ink and transfers it to the substrate in a continuous process. There are different cell geometries that can be used for the engraving to achieve different coating weights and resolutions.
The document discusses several tests used to evaluate the properties of films and packages, including:
- Specular gloss measures the fraction of light reflected from a sample's surface.
- Haze measures the percentage of transmitted light that is scattered by a transparent sample.
- Transmittance measures the percentage of light transmitted through a translucent sample.
- Tear, tensile, and elongation tests measure a material's strength, flexibility, and resistance to tearing or breaking. Impact tests similarly evaluate a material's resistance to breaking from blows or impacts.
- Permeability tests like water vapor transmission measure how quickly gases pass through a material, important for evaluating moisture barriers.
This document describes research into developing a three-axis printer for printing sensors directly onto gear surfaces using conductive ink and a laser sintering process. Initial experiments were conducted printing conductive patterns on polyimide layers to determine optimal laser sintering parameters. Tests varied the laser focus distance, power, and printing feed speed. Results showed the lowest resistance was achieved at a laser focus distance of 40mm, and resistance decreased with increasing laser power up to 25% of maximum power. Faster feed speeds also reduced resistance of the printed patterns. The goal is to use these parameter optimizations to develop a multi-axis printer that can print sensors directly onto complex gear geometries.
Blue Berry Consulting & Trade Show Corr DivisionJamal Joseph Nasr
The document describes products and services offered by BlueBerry consulting & trade s.a.r.l for the corrugated packaging industry, including roll movers, steam hot plates, wax applicators, and tools for measuring and improving nip alignment between rolls.
The document summarizes Ahlström Osakeyhtio's Fibreflow waste paper processing system. Some key points:
- Fibreflow uses a rotating drum to defiberize waste paper through repeated dropping onto a hard surface, achieving a high defiberization degree with no cutting.
- The drum can process materials at 15% consistency, allowing for simplified downstream processing. It efficiently separates fiber from contaminants.
- Fibreflow has lower costs than conventional systems due to simpler machinery requirements, lower chemical and power consumption.
- It is well-suited for mixed waste and deinking processes. Municipal solid waste is also being tested as a potential fiber source.
Core compression tester p500 d p1000d 2018Rohit Chawla
This document describes the Core Compression Model #P500/1000D, a machine used to test the collapsing strength of paper tubes, bobbins, and cores. It directly measures the collapsing force without requiring calculations. The collapsing strength depends on factors like the quality and quantity of paper and adhesive used, the manufacturing process, and moisture content. The machine applies gradually increasing force to the carrier and easily detects the sharp collapsing point using a loadcell and digital indicator. It can perform radial, flat, or vertical crush tests depending on the intended use of the paper tube or core.
The document discusses challenges and guidelines for printing solder paste with step stencils. It analyzes how factors like squeegee speed, pressure, angle, and material affect the amount of paste residue near step edges. Testing showed circular apertures near steep step downs had lower transfer efficiency than oblong apertures due to more residue. Guidelines recommend reducing speed, increasing pressure, changing the angle to 45°, and using a polymer squeegee to minimize residue for consistent paste transfer. Apertures far from step edges showed high transfer efficiency regardless of geometry or step height.
This research paper examines process parameters for micro gravure coating to improve the quality of wet coatings. Micro gravure coating involves applying a liquid adhesive to a moving substrate using an engraved roller to create a uniform coating. The paper discusses how coating quality is directly proportional to viscosity, micro gravure speed, and inversely proportional to web speed. Experiments were conducted varying parameters like viscosity, web speed, micro gravure speed, and blade position. The results showed that coating deposition increases as the ratio of micro gravure speed to web speed increases, up to a ratio of around 100-130%, above which deposition decreases and instability occurs. Maintaining an appropriate speed ratio is important for achieving uniform and consistent coating thickness.
AN OVERVIEW OF PROCESS PARAMETERS OF MICRO GRAVURE COATER TO IMPROVE THE QUAL...IAEME Publication
Lamination is the process of applying the wet adhesive on the substrate. Later it is dried in oven or by means of u .v. lamp. The process is accomplished with the help of a roll which revolves in opposite direction to the web travel in an adhesive pan. The roll is engraved or the helical grooves are cut on it with great precision. This roll is also called as gravure roll. In conventional gravure roll the diameter of the engraved rolls are typically in the range of 125 to 250mm, but in micro-gravure the rolls diameters is in the range of 20 to 50 mm
This document summarizes different printing processes. It discusses relief printing processes like letterpress and flexography where the image areas are in relief. It also discusses lithographic/offset printing which uses the principle that oil and water don't mix to transfer images. Recess printing like gravure is also mentioned. The document provides details on the mechanics and image transfer methods of each process. It focuses in depth on letterpress and lithography/offset which are the most commonly used historically and today.
This document provides an overview of different printing processes, including relief printing (letterpress and flexography), planographic printing (offset lithography), and digital printing. It focuses on describing relief printing and letterpress, the earliest forms of printing where the image areas are in relief and non-image areas are recessed. Letterpress uses movable metal type and engraved blocks to transfer ink directly from the printing surface to the substrate through pressure. The document also describes flexography, an evolution of relief printing that uses flexible rubber or plastic plates to print on substrates like packaging materials.
IRJET- Cost Effective Manufacturing and Optimization of the Formula Student N...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the cost-effective manufacturing and optimization of a nose cone for a Formula Student car. It describes the modeling of the nose cone in Solidworks based on competition rules. A mold was created using polystyrene sheets and plaster of paris without CNC machining. Carbon fiber pre-pregs were laid into the mold by hand and vacuum bagged to cure. Testing showed the manufactured nose cone weighed 1.7kg and withstood 205N of force before failure, demonstrating sufficient strength for the application. The process outlined provides a low-cost method for Formula teams to manufacture composite nose cones.
Impact of Piecing Index on Combed Yarn Qualityijtsrd
After combing operation is completed, the detaching rollers feedback a part of the previously formed web. The nippers swing forward and lay the just combed fringe onto the web portion projecting from the detaching rollers. This is called piecing of web in comber machine. Many parameters such as fibre properties, machine settings and process parameters affect the piecing and thus yarn quality. In this paper, the effect of piecing index on combed yarn quality was studied. Conventional and high speed comber machines were chosen and samples were taken by changing various piecing index. Based on the study, piecing index influences the sliver U , yarn IPI and classimat faults. Smaller variation in piecing index severely affects the sliver and yarn quality and no rule to determine the optimum piecing index for a particular process. A. Muralikrishnan "Impact of Piecing Index on Combed Yarn Quality" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-7 , December 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52536.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/textile-engineering/52536/impact-of-piecing-index-on-combed-yarn-quality/a-muralikrishnan
IRJET - Design and Development of Multi-Material Extrusion in FDM 3D PrintersIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and development of a multi-material extrusion system for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printers. Traditionally, FDM printers can only print with one material at a time. The authors propose a design that uses multiple hot end and extruder assemblies that can be picked up and replaced by the printer carriage. This would allow the printer to print with different materials without pausing the print. The key advantages are that replacement of damaged parts would be fast and simple, and other toolheads like laser cutters could also be easily installed on the printer. Two initial prototype designs are described - one using a cam mechanism to move a single hot end up and down, and another using a lifting mechanism to
The document summarizes several coating methods used in manufacturing coated products, including gravure coating, comma coating, reverse roll coating, hot melt coating, metering rod/Meyer bar coating, knife over roll coating, slot orifice coating, immersion/dip coating, and curtain coating. It provides details on some key methods, such as how gravure coating uses an engraved roller to apply coating from a bath, and how Meyer bar coating uses a wire-wound rod to meter the desired amount of coating applied by a bath roller.
The document describes a cone compression tester machine that measures the collapsing strength of paper cones used as yarn carriers. The collapsing strength depends on factors like the quality of paper and adhesive used, the manufacturing process, and moisture content. The machine applies a gradually increasing radial force to the cone until the sharp collapsing point is reached, directly measuring and displaying the collapsing load without requiring calculations. It features an electro-pneumatic system and can test cones or packing materials at loads up to 300 kgf.
Comparative study of printability analysis on pvc cast and pet g filmsIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of gravure printing process parameters on dot skips (missing dots) when printing on PVC cast and PET-G shrink films. Experiments were conducted using a pilot scale gravure press with variations in line screen, viscosity, speed, and hardness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the design of experiments and identify the most influential factors in minimizing dot skips. The results showed that line screen ruling and hardness were the most important factors, and they were able to reduce dot skips by 79% and 87% for PVC and PET-G films respectively. Printability indicators like density, dot area, and tone curve were also evaluated and found to be similar between the
The document discusses overcoming limitations of 3D printing flexible plastics by using Arnitel ID filament from DSM. Flexible filaments can buckle during printing, interrupting the process. Arnitel ID reduces this issue through its low surface friction, enabled by lubricating additives, allowing higher printing speeds of 50-60 mm/s while maintaining interlayer adhesion. DSM analyzed how material properties, filament diameter, and printing speed affect critical buckling length to successfully print with flexible plastics.
Rotogravure printing has a long history dating back to the 19th century when developments allowed photo-mechanical printing plates. By the early 20th century, gravure was being used for postage stamps, newspaper supplements, and advertisements. The process relies on an engraved roller that picks up ink and transfers it to the substrate in a continuous process. There are different cell geometries that can be used for the engraving to achieve different coating weights and resolutions.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
The CBC machine is a common diagnostic tool used by doctors to measure a patient's red blood cell count, white blood cell count and platelet count. The machine uses a small sample of the patient's blood, which is then placed into special tubes and analyzed. The results of the analysis are then displayed on a screen for the doctor to review. The CBC machine is an important tool for diagnosing various conditions, such as anemia, infection and leukemia. It can also help to monitor a patient's response to treatment.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.