3. Case Study: Case Study : World Trade Center 9/11 Incident World Trade Center 9/11 Incident
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5. Case Study The main purposed of this case study is to critically analyse the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack that kills a thousand lives and caused the devastation and destruction of two important infrastructures of the United States (World Trade Center ).
6. Introduction The World Trade Center (WTC) was a complex of seven buildings in Lower Manhattan in New York City that was destroyed in the September 11,2001.The cost for the construction was $400 million ($2,169,167,354 as of 2011) 1 World Trade Center and 2 World Trade Center were the tallest buildings in the world, surpassing the Empire State Building, which is also in Manhattan.
7. Attacks Early on the morning of September 11, 2001, nineteen hijackers took control of four commercial airliners en route to San Francisco and Los Angeles from Boston, New york, and Washington, D.C.[11] At 8:46 a.m., American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into the World Trade Center's North Tower, followed by United Airlines Flight 175, which hit the South Tower at 9:03 a.m.
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10. Casualties There were a total of 2,996 deaths, including the 19 hijackers and 2,977 victims.The victims were distributed as follows: 246 on the four planes (from which there were no survivors), 2,606 in New York City in the towers and on the ground, and 125 at the Pentagon.All the deaths in the attacks were civilians except for 55 military personnel killed in the attack on the Pentagon. More than 90 countries lost citizens in the attacks on the World Trade Center.
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13. Rescue & Recovery As conditions deteriorated, the NYPD aviation unit relayed information to police commanders, who issued orders for its personnel to evacuate the towers; most NYPD officers were able to safely evacuate before the buildings collapsed. With separate command posts set up and incompatible radio communications between the agencies, warnings were not passed along to FDNY commanders.
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15. The Significant Actions and Durations The attack has alarmed all organizations in the USA, specifically, those who are responsible in clearing operations like the Arlington County, some jurisdictions and government organizations and departments. Since, Arlington County is considered to hold the greater responsibility in this situation.
16. The FBI investigation into the attacks, code named operation PENTTBOM, was the largest and most complex investigation in the history of the FBI, involving over 7,000 special agents.[90] The United States government determined that al-Qaeda, headed by Osama bin Laden, bore responsibility for the attacks, with the FBI stating "evidence linking al-Qaeda and bin Laden to the attacks of September 11 is clear and irrefutable".The Government of the United Kingdom reached the same conclusion regarding al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden's culpability for the 11 September attacks.
17. Osama Bin Laden Osama bin Laden's declaration of a holy war against the United States, and a fatwā signed by bin Laden and others calling for the killing of American civilians in 1998, are seen by investigators as evidence of his motivation to commit such acts. Bin Laden initially denied, but later admitted, involvement in the incidents.AlJazeera broadcast a statement by bin Laden on September 16, 2001, stating "I stress that I have not carried out this act, which appears to have been carried out by individuals with their own motivation.
18. Planning of the attacks The idea for the September 11 plot came from Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, who first presented the idea to Osama bin Laden in 1996. At that point, bin Laden and al-Qaeda were in a period of transition, having just relocated back to Afghanistan from Sudan. The 1998 African Embassy bombings and bin Laden's 1998 fatwā marked a turning point, with bin Laden intent on attacking the United States.In December 1998, the Director of Central Intelligence Counterterrorist Center reported to President Bill Clinton that al-Qaeda was preparing for attacks in the USA, including the training of personnel to hijack aircraft.
19. In late 1998 or early 1999, bin Laden gave approval for Mohammed to go forward with organizing the plot. Bin Laden provided leadership for the plot, along with financial support, and was involved in selecting participants for the plot.
20. Summary of the Incident The terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 have shown dramatically that the a new terrorism is different from the old (Lindstorm et al, 2002). It is global, it is decentralised, it uses new strategies and tactics, and it is increasingly focused upon building the capacity for mass casualty and mass destruction attacks, in an effort to destabilise entire societal systems.
21. It is quite possible that it was an inside job, or devastation by Al-Qaeeda or some one else. I will share some facts that to me are enough to decide who was behind this carefully & skill fully planned operation.
22. 8:45 a.m. (all times are EDT): A hijacked passenger jet, American Airlines Flight 11 out of Boston crashes into the north tower of the World Trade Center.. . Why? At approximately 8:48 a.m. on the morning of September 11, 2001, the first pictures of the burning World Trade Center were broadcast on live Television
23. Why? So why, at 9:03 a.m. - fifteen minutes after it was clear the United States was under terrorist attack - did President Bush sit down with a classroom of second-graders and begin a 20-minute pre-planned photo op? No one knows the answer to that question. In fact, no one has even asked Bush about it. ckedpassenger jet, American Airlines Flight 11 out of So why, at 9:03 a.m. - fifteen minutes after it was clear the United States was under terrorist attack - did President Bush sit down witha classroom of second-graders and begin a 20-minute pre-planned photo op? Boston crashes into the north tow8:45 a.m. (all times are EDT): A hijacked Airlines Flight 11 out of Boston crashes into the north tower of the World Trade Center Flight 11 out of Boston crashes into the no tower of the World Trad8:45 a.m. (all times are EDT): A hijacked passenger jet, American Airlines Flight 11 out of Boston crashes into the north tower of the World Trade Center e Center .m. (l times are EDT): A hijacked passenger jet, American Airlines Flight 11 out of Boston crashes into the north tower of the World Trade Center
24. Bush says, “And I was sitting outside the classroom waiting to go in, and I saw an airplane hit the tower -- the TV was obviously on, and I use to fly myself, and I said, "There's one terrible pilot." And I said, "It must have been a horrible accident.“ . Bush continues, “But I was whisked off there -- I didn't have much time to think about it, and I was sitting in the classroom, and Andy Card, my chief who was sitting over here walked in and said, "A second plane has hit the tower. America's under attack."
25. There is a problem with that statement. There was no live video coverage of the first plane hitting the tower. There couldn't be. Video of that first plane hitting the tower did not surface until AFTER the second plane had hit. When the 1st tower was struck at 8:46, George Bush was in a U.S. presidential limousine. Undoubtedly, the presidential limousine is capable of not only receiving but also transmitting live video via satellite while on the move.
26. FBI Phoenix Memo On July 10, 2001, an FBI agent in Phoenix sent a memo randum to FBI headquarters in New York listing evidence that Osama bin Laden was helping his operatives in the U.S. attend flight training schools. That memo, now known as the "Phoenix Memo" was ignored, according to congressional investigators.
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28. Hijacking Scenario Evidence Void: There is no hard evidence that any of the alleged hijackers were on any of the doomed flights. No video of any of the 19 hijackers at any of the three originating airports of the four flights has been made public. None of the alleged hijackers' names appeared on the airlines' passenger lists.
29. Eight of the alleged hijackers have turned up alive since the attack. None of the four flight crews radioed Air Traffic Control about hijackings in progress of the alleged hijackers have turned up alive since the attack. None of the four flight crews radioed Air Traffic Control about hijackings in progrss
30. None of the four flight crews punched in the four-digit hijacking code. No remains of any of the hijackers was identified at any of the crash sites. one of the four flight crews punched in the four-digit hijacking code. No remains of any of the hijackers was identified at any of the crash sites.
31. Agencies Involved The agencies involved in this operation include Arlington County Fire Department (ACFD) Arlington County Emergency Communications Center (ECC), Fort Myer Fire Department, Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), National Capital Respond Squad (NCRS) Fire Service, Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority Fire Department,Fire Communications and the three hospitals Virginia Hospital Center
32. Now you will decide that it was an inside job , or devastation by Al-Qaeeda or some one else.
