This article discusses the concept of "food sovereignty", which is defined as people's right to decide what they eat and produce. The idea arose in the 1990s as small farmers and peasants advocated for policies supporting sustainable small-scale agriculture rather than the globalization of agribusiness. While some experts and governments began discussing the idea, thousands of farmers continued practicing food sovereignty through local production and consumers supporting local markets. In 2007, an international small farmers organization held a forum in Mali to better define the vision of food sovereignty.

1. Upper-Intermediate
Week 7
MEB SUMMER COORDINATION OFFICE- 2011

2. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

3. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

4. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

5. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

6. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

7. What is AWL and GSL?
 Academic Word List (AWL) General Service List (GSL)
The Academic Word List was created by Averil The General Service List was developed by
Coxhead at the School of Linguistics and Applied Michael West in the 1950’s to represent the
Language Studies at Victoria University of Wellington, 2,000 most common words appearing in
New Zealand. The list contains 570 words which appear the English language. The list has gone
with high frequency in academic textbooks across a
through some refinements over the years,
range of disciplines, and therefore are not discipline-
but it is generally quite stable, and useful
specific words. The AWL does not contain words that
are in the most common 2000 words of English. The for teachers of English as a second
AWL was created so that this word list could be used by language.
teachers as part of a program preparing students for
university level study or used by students working alone
to learn the words most needed to study at universities.

8. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

9. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
Let’s see those peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
from AWL …
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

10. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
What about the
ones from GSL? consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
AWL
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
GSL sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

11. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community consumer
continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

12. The words to get
closer
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

13. A thesaurus is
a book of synonyms, often including related and
contrasting words and antonyms.
A word map thesaurus is something like this:

14. Let’s choose
another word from
our cloud.
POOR

15. How can I use this information?
You may prepare small cards with these word maps
on them and carry each card in your pocket for a
week.
In those moments of waiting throughout the week,
you may wish to take a look at the card in your
pocket.
For example, you may try to build up sentences or
you may try to describe people or events around
you by using the words on your word-map card.

16. How can I create a word map?
 In the old days, it was more difficult but now
technology helps us a lot.
You may find a number of online thesaurus
dictionaries which may help you in a number of ways.
For example:
http://www.wordsift.com/
will help you develop word clouds for your texts and a
free online thesaurus for the words you want to draw a
word map.

18. Did you find the title of the article?

19. It is …..
FOOD SOVEREIGNTY

20. Here is the article…
 Food sovereignty" – people's right to decide what they eat and what they produce – is today one of the hottest topics
debated around food policies.
 It arose in the mid-1990s, when the debates around food policies were dominated by the globalisation of agribusiness
and by food aid. At that time, peasants and small farmers who were – and still are – the world's main food producers
saw that the policies implemented were serving large conglomerates and not the people – transforming small-scale
agriculture into industrial plantations; dumping food surpluses from rich countries in poor ones; increasing the use of
chemical pesticides and fertilisers; concentrating food production in the hands of multinationals.
 While the World Trade Organisation was being invented in 1995, some small-farmer organisations from across the
world came together to defend sustainable family farming. It was simply about producing healthy food for local
markets while creating jobs and protecting the land and its diversity. The idea to call this "food sovereignty" emanated
from these discussions, and was presented in 1996 at the Food and Agriculture Organisation's world food summit in
Rome.
 The genie was out of the box. The idea of food sovereignty was starting to get out of the fields and into decision-
making. And it moved quickly. Jean Ziegler, the then UN special rapporteur on the right to food, brought the farmers'
word to the UN. Some experts began debating it at the FAO; some governments, such as Ecuador and Bolivia, even
included it in their constitutions. Thousands of farmers continued to practise it in their plot of land, and thousands of
consumers continued to buy locally.
 In 2007, Via Campesina felt the need to define better what peasants and small farmers really wanted. We organised a
large forum in a village in Mali, called the Nyeleni Forum, assembling more than 700 people from various social
movements: women's groups, trade unions, pastoralists, environmental organisations, urban poor, consumers, farmers
and fisher folk.
 Together, we defined food sovereignty as "the right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced
through sustainable methods, and their right to define their own food and agriculture systems. It puts the aspirations,
needs and livelihoods of those who produce, distribute and consume food at the heart of the food systems and policies
rather than the demands of markets and corporations."
 Time has passed since the first farmers' groups expressed that new idea. It has now become blatantly obvious that the
free market and agribusinesses won't feed the world. In 2008, the number of hungry people grew from 800 million to 1
billion, and since the onset of the latest food crisis over the past year, 44 million more people have fallen below the
poverty line.
 We believe that when they reflect the realities and the needs of hundreds of millions of people, some words can change
the world. It is now time for food sovereignty to be implemented from the village communities to international
policies. To start with, it is critical that peasants and rural communities are supported in reclaiming territories, keeping
control over their land, and having access to water as a common good and a human right. Farmers, especially women,
should have the right to use, save and exchange seeds, and local markets should be promoted
http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2011/jun/02/food-sovereignty-for-farmers

21.  Do you remember your paragraph?
Is it almost summarising the
article?

22. If your answer is no…
agribusiness agriculture community
consumer continued define farmer food
forum group healthy heart idea implemented landlarge
local mali market million need new organisation
peasant people personpolicy poor produce put quickly
right small sovereignty sovereignty surpluses
sustainable system thousand time together trade un
urban use village wordworld

23. If yes,
Congratulations!!!!
You are really good at
finding the relations
between words…

24. MEB SUMMER COORDINATION OFFICE
2011