RBF programs have led to improved maternal and child health outcomes in several countries: - Coverage of key maternal and child health services like antenatal care and postnatal care increased in Zimbabwe, Burundi, DRC, and Nigeria. - Quality of care improved over time in health centers and hospitals in Nigeria based on quality scores. Quality also improved in Burundi based on reduced variation in scores. - Efficiency increased in Zimbabwe's health system due to RBF. Equity also improved in Burundi's health system as shown by reduced variation in quality scores. - Accountability increased in Nigeria's health system as the need for results and evidence grew for governments and donors,