Winston Churchill was a British politician and prime minister best known for leading the United Kingdom during World War II. He was born in 1874 at Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire, England. Churchill had a long political career, serving as a soldier, politician, and prime minister. As prime minister during World War II, his leadership and refusal to negotiate with Adolf Hitler inspired the British people. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1953 for his numerous histories, biographies, and memoirs.