There are 45 threatened species in Pakistan, including 18 mammals and 17 birds. The document then lists 11 national parks established to protect these species and their habitats. It provides information on the threats faced by species, including habitat loss from agriculture and lack of protection. It emphasizes the importance of agricultural lands for biodiversity and outlines best practices for wildlife-friendly farming.

2. BY Allah Dad Khan

14. Total Theatened Species = 45
Critically endangered = 4
Endangered = 12
Vulnerable = 29
Out of these 45 Species
Mammals = 18
Birds = 17
Reptiles = 9

15. 1. Threatened species
2. Use of modern technology in Agriculture
3. Lack of Awareness
4. Weak law enforcement
5. Insufficient inventories and data
6. Limited Resources
7. Lack of research /medical facilities

16. 1. Natural hazards
2. Lack of prey species
3. Mis management of pastures)
4. Introduction of exotics ( Trout Carp)
5. Illegal poaching of wild animals to sell in down
country ( brown bear)
6. Killing by herdsman to protect their livestock

24. 1. Hingol National Park
2. Kirthar National Park ( Sindh) , established 1974, area 3, 08,733 ha. )
3. Khunjerab National Park ( Northern Areas ) established 1975, area 2, 27,143 ha.)
4. Chitral Gol National Park ( Chitral) established 1984, area 7,750 ha.)
5. Lal Suhanra National Park ( Bahawalpur) Punjab, established 1972, area 51,368 ha
6. Hazarganji-Chiltan National Park ( Baluchistan) established 1980, area 15,555 ha)
7. Margalla Hills National Park ( Islamabad) established 1980, area 15,883 ha)
8. Ayubia National Park ( Abbottabad) established 1984, area 3,122 ha. )
9. Deosai National Park Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 3, 63,600 ha
10. Machiara National Park AJ & K, established 1996, area 13,532 ha.
11. Sheikh Badin National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1999, area 15,540 ha

26.  01. Margallah Hills National Park: Islamabad, established 1980, area 15,883 ha.
02. Hazarganji Chiltan National Park: Balochistan, established 1980, area 15,555
ha.
03. Hingol National Park: Balochistan, established 1997, area 6, 19,043 ha.
04. Kirthar National Park: Sindh, established 1974, area 3, 08,733 ha.
05. Ayubia National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1984, area 3,122 ha.
06. Chitral Gol National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1984, area 7,750
ha.
07. Sheikh Badin National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1999, area
15,540 ha.
08. Saiful Maluk National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 2003, area
12,026 ha.
09. Lulosar Dodipat National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 2003, area
75,058 ha.
10. Broghil Valley National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established August 25,
2010, Area 134,744 ha.
11. Khunjerab National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1975, area 2, 27,143 ha.
12. Hunderab Shandoor National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 1,
65,000 ha.
13. Deosai National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 3, 63,600 ha.

27.  14. Central Karakoram National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 9,
73,845 ha.
15. Qurumber National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established August 2, 2011, area
74,000 ha.
16. Machhiara National Park: AJ & K, established 1996, area 13,532 ha.
17. Ghamot National Park: AJ & K, established 2004, area 27,271 ha.
18. Pir Lasoorha National Park: AJ & K, established 2005, area 1,580 ha.
19. Toli Pir National Park: AJ & K, established 2005, area 1,000 ha.
20. Musk Deer Gorez National Park: AJ & K, established 2007, area 52,815 ha.
21. Deva Vatala National Park: AJ & K, established 2007, area 2,993 ha.
22. Poonch River Mahaseer National Park: AJ & K, established 2011
23. Lal Suhanra National Park: Punjab, established 1972, area 51,368 ha.
24. Chinji National Park: Punjab, established 1987, area 6, 097 ha.
25. Kala Chitta National Park: Punjab, established Dec. 2008, area 36,965 ha.
26. Murree-Kotli Sattian-Kahuta National Park: Punjab, established Sep. 2009

35. Agricultural lands are extremely important to
the long-term maintenance of biodiversity.
They provide habitat for many species of birds,
fish, amphibians, reptiles, ungulates,
carnivores, and invertebrates. Some of these
species depend largely on the natural areas
within agricultural landscapes. Others have
adapted to croplands and pasturelands and
thrive in and around domesticated plants and
animals.

36.  We envision an agricultural landscape in which native
plant and animal communities co-exist with agriculture
and sustain ecosystems over time. Farmers and
ranchers seek out and are given the technical support
needed to manage working landscapes that support
healthy, sustainable fish and wildlife populations. The
general public assumes their responsibility in
preventing the spread of invasive species so farmers
and ranchers do not disproportionately bear the costs
for their control. Farmers are rewarded for special
efforts to integrate habitat into their operations.
Ranchers are rewarded for maximizing the habitat
value of grasslands and rangelands, and for including
species other than livestock in their natural resource
management decisions.

37. Avoid converting sensitive or priority habitats
to agricultural production.
Where possible, restore sensitive habitats using
native vegetation that historically occupied the
site, focusing on priority areas identified by
landscape scale conservation plans.

38. Provide as much vegetation as possible around
water bodies to provide functioning ecological
systems that support a diversity of wildlife.
This will also help protect water quality for the
benefit of fish and people alike.
Manage habitats on farms/ranches with an eye
toward the larger landscape and needs of wide-
ranging species; connected patches are
generally best, however, some species need
large continuous areas.

39. Prevent the introduction and spread of
invasive species of plants and animals.
Manage crop and rangelands to meet the
habitat needs of fish and wildlife.

40.  Develop a working knowledge of the native plants
and animals found in the area and if possible
monitor for selected indicator species from different
groups.
 Wildlife pests (when not threatened and endangered
species) are managed using integrated pest
management techniques. Where applicable habitat
supports native predators to control wildlife pest
populations.

41. Continuing education for wildlife habitat issues: Managers
can become knowledgeable about wildlife habitat issues, as
a long-term goal, but managers with current knowledge are
awarded higher scores. Managers who can identify native
vegetation, and/or manage their operations in a way that
protects threatened and endangered species and priority
habitat types also score well.
Habitat conservation improvements: Producers who have
invested in habitat conservation and/or restoration are
recognized in the scoring process.
Invasive species prevention and management: Higher scores are
awarded to managers who do not commercially produce invasive
species; control and eradicate established invasive species when
possible; and prevent the introduction and establishment of new
invasive species on their land.

42.  Threatened and endangered species protection: Higher
scores are awarded when managers learn about, and if
applicable, protect threatened and endangered species or
their habitat on their farm/ranch.
 Wildlife Food, Cover and Water: Higher scores are
awarded when managers: consider ways to manage fields
and production areas to benefit wildlife, in addition to
producing crops; consider the specific requirements of
wildlife on the farm by providing functioning buffers near
water bodies.
 Linking individual wildlife habitat conservation activities
together: Recognition in the scoring process is given to
managers who work with nearby landowners, and/or as a
part of regional plans designed to create the greatest habitat
value possible for wildlife and threatened and endangered
species

44.  Hingol National Park
 Kirthar National Park
 Khunjerab National Park
 Chitral Gol National Park
 Lal Suhanra National Park
 Hazarganji-Chiltan National Park
 Margalla Hills National Park
 Ayubia National Park
 Deosai National Park
 Machiara National Park
Hing
o
Khunjerab National
Park