The presentation discusses several key reasons why the Industrial Revolution started in Britain: 1) Britain had natural resources like coal and iron as well as harbors and rivers for transportation. 2) An earlier Agricultural Revolution increased farm productivity and population growth. 3) Britain had colonies that provided raw materials and markets for manufactured goods. 4) British society was egalitarian and open to new ideas and technologies.

1. PRESENTATION
ON
WHY INDUSTRIAL
REVOLUTION STARTED IN
BRITIAN
PREPARED BY
BIBHUSHAN KC

2. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION AND
INDUSTRIALIZATION
 Industrialization: The process in which a
society transforms itself from a primarily
agricultural society into one based on the
manufacturing of goods and services
 Industrial Revolution: A period of major
industrialization that took place during the
late 1700s and early 1800s.

3. NATURAL RESOURCES
Rich in natural resources
Large number of harbors and rivers that could
be used for shipping
Huge supplies of iron and coal---raw materials
for the building of machines and fueling the
new machines
The damp climate was good for textile
production, because it helped to keep the
fibers in the material soft and easy to work
with.

4. THE AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
 During the early 1700's, a great change in farming called the
Agricultural Revolution began in Great Britain.
 The revolution resulted from a series of discoveries and
inventions that made farming much more productive than ever
before.
 By the mid-1800's, the Agricultural Revolution had spread
throughout much of Europe and North America.
 One of the revolution's chief effects was the rapid growth of
towns and cities in Europe and the United States during the
1800's.
 Because fewer people were needed to produce food, farm
families by the thousands moved to the towns and cities

5. COLONIES AND MARKETS
 England had more colonies than any other
nation
 Its colonies gave England access to
enormous markets and vast amounts of raw
materials
 Britain purchased and imported raw materials
from their colonies.
 From these raw materials, British companies
produced manufactured goods which they
sold back to the colonies and to Europe.

6. SOCIAL FACTORS
 Most people moved to the cities instead of living in
rural areas.
 By the mid 1800s, 70% to 80% of Britain’s
population lived in urban areas.
 British society was organized in a less rigid and
hierarchical manner than France or Germany who
held on to feudalism.
 British society was fairly egalitarian.
 The most significant social class in Britain was the
middle class that was comprised of merchants and
artisans.

7. OPENNESS TO NEW IDEAS
 Development of entrepreneurship
 Ambitious upper and middle class people
willing to invest in new inventions and
industries
 Not afraid to take risks to make a profit

8. SCIENTIFIC INVENTIONS
 British people were interested in science and
technology which led to Scientific Revolution
a)John Kay---flying shuttle
b)James Hargreaves---spinning jenny
c)Richard Arkwright---water frame
d)Samuel Crompton---spinning mule
e)Edmund Cartwright---power loom
(all of these led to the development of textile
factories)
f)James Watt---steam engine
g)Henry Bessemer---inexpensive way to make
steel
h)Thomas Telford & John Mc Adam---paving roads
i)Richard Trevithick---steam locomotive

9. NO CIVIL WAR/POLITICAL STABILITY
 Britain fought many wars during the 1700s, but
never on British soil.
 So they never had to rebuild farms or towns due to
war damages.
 British citizens did not have to worry about the
threat of war destroying their property and had more
time to consider ways to improve the quality of their
lives.
 There were no internal trade barriers within Britain
unlike most European countries.