The document discusses the advantages of electric vehicles over gas-powered vehicles. It notes that electric vehicles have no emissions, low operating costs that are typically 15% of the cost of gas vehicles, require no oil changes, have 98% fewer moving parts, virtually no brake pad replacements, and are expected to have twice the useful life of internal combustion engine vehicles. It also provides data showing the increasing sales and models of electric vehicles.

1. Why Electric ?

2. Electric Vehicle Myths
Electric Vehicles:
- are a passing fad
- need new batteries every few years
- will bring down the power grid
- have the same net carbon emissions
- have a higher life cycle cost
- catch fire and explode
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3. Electric Vehicle Advantages
- environmental benefits - no emissions
- low operating cost - typically 15% of the cost
- no oil changes
- 98 % fewer moving parts
- virtually no brake pad replacements
- expected twice the useful life of ICE vehicles
- anti “big oil”
ICE = Internal Combustion Engine
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4. Electric Vehicle Operating Cost
Current Fuel Expense (at $1.35/litre)
Fuel Cost/litres X 235.215
Average miles per gallon
= $Cost/100 km
Electric “Fuel” Expense (at 0.11/kw-hr)
Nissan Leaf = $1.65 / 100 km
Tesla Model S = $2.50 / 100 km
$1.35 X 235.215
28.6 miles per gallon
= $11.10 /100 km
Example Honda Civic 2.4L
Kw-hr per 100 km X Hydro Cost
15kw-hr / 100 km X 11 cents/kw-hr
Plus oil changes
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5. Table Look Up Method
Example:
A vehicle getting 25 mpg with a
fuel cost of $1.30 /litre would have
a fuel cost of $ 12.23 per 100 km
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Electric Vehicle Operating Cost

6. Internal Combustion Engine - 20% efficient
80% of energy input is lost to heat and friction
Pistons, valves
Camshafts
Pumps for oil, water, fuel
Alternator
Belts, pulleys, gears
Exhaust, mufflers
Catalytic converter
Over 200 moving parts
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7. Electric Motor - 80% efficient
Only 20% of energy input is lost to heat and friction
Brushless electric motor
Reduction gears only
No transmission
Only 3 moving parts
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8. Nissan Leaf Powertrain – Generation 2 (2013+)
Motor
AC/DC
Inverter
Battery
Front
of Vehicle
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9. Tesla Model S Powertrain
Front
of VehicleMotor
AC/DC
Inverter
Battery
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10. The Generation 2 Leaf Electric Power Assembly
Power Delivery Module (PDM)
(no moving parts)
Inverter – converts AC to DC
(no moving parts)
Electric Drive (motor)
Reduction drive (gears)
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11. The Generation 2 Leaf (2013 +) Driver’s Display
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Current BEV alternatives – Canada (1Q 2015)
BMW i3
Mitsubishi i-MiEv
Chevy Spark EV Ford Focus e
Smart ForTwoNissan Leaf
Tesla Model SMercedes B Class ED Kia Soul EV

13. Source: WWF website
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14. Source: California PEV Owner Survey 2013
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15. Source: California PEV Owner Survey 2013 15

16. 16
BEV sales are increasing exponentially and are tracking total PEV sales
PEV – Plug in Electric Vehicle
BEV Sales

17. 17
Summary
Electrically-driven vehicles :
- are proven technology
- are great for the environment
- are inexpensive to operate
- are 80% efficient
- have equivalent or better features
- have good range
- are available from many car companies
- are gaining market share