Which of the following are considered to be alive and whyProteins.pdf
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Which of the following are considered to be alive and why? Proteins: Bacteria: Yeast: Viruses: Prions: DNA: Candles: Chemical reactions: Water: Solution Biologists have defined some characteristics to categorize an entitiy as alive. These are - organization, metabolism, homeostasis, growth, reproduction, response and evolution. However, some of the entities may possess a few of these qualities, the ones which show all the afore- mentioned characteristics are classified as alive. Bacteria and yeast are alive in the mentioned list as they possess all the qualities of being alive. One might think of viruses as living things but they are not as they cannot reproduce/divide on their own, they need the host cellular machinaries, therefore they are dependent on other living cells for their own replication..
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To combat the issue of race conditions, the concept of a critical section was created. A critical
section is a portion of code that is protected against multiple access. This portion of code can
manipulate shared data or a shared service (such as a hardware peripheral). Critical sections
operate on the principle of mutual exclusion.
Race condition Situation where simultaneous manipulation of a resource by two or more threads
causes inconsistent results.
Critical section Segment of code that coordinates access to a shared resource.
Mutual exclusion Property of software that ensures exclusive access to a shared resource.
Deadlock Special condition created by two or more processes and two or more resource locks
that keep processes from doing productive work.
Linux synchronization methods
Now that you have a little theory under your belt and an understanding of the problem to be
solved, let\'s look at the various ways that Linux supports concurrency and mutual exclusion. In
the early days, mutual exclusion was provided by disabling interrupts, but this form of locking is
inefficient (even though you can still find traces of it in the kernel). This method also doesn\'t
scale well and doesn\'t guarantee mutual exclusion on other processors.
The atomic operators are ideal for situations where the data you need to protect is simple,
such as a counter. While simple, the atomic API provides a number of operators for a variety of
situations. Here\'s a sample use of the API.
To declare an atomic variable, you simply declare a variable of type atomic_t. This structure
contains a single int element. Next, you ensure that your atomic variable is initialized using the
ATOMIC_INIT symbolic constant. In the case .
Barney had a bag of cookies. He ate 35 in the first 10 minutes. He a.pdf
Barney had a bag of cookies. He ate 35 in the first 10 minutes. He ate one-fourth of the
remaining cookies during the next 10 minutes. The next day he ate 20,but then he made 10 mor.
His wife,Louise, ate 15 cookies while Barney was at work. When Barney got home from work,
he ate one-half of the remaiing cookies. Louiseate 5 more when he went out into the
backyard.Barney then ate 15 more and found that he had only 2 left. How many cookies did he
start with? How many did he eat? How much weight did he gain if every 20 cookies translated
into 1 pound?
Solution
2 cookies left so there was 2+15 before before barney came.
2+15+5 before louise ate 5 more.
(2+15+5)*2 before he get home from work.
so there ware (2+15+5)*2+15 before louise ate 15.
he ate 20 but made 10 so there was (2+15+5)*2+15-10+20.
he ate one fourth so there was ((2+15+5)*2+15-10+20)*4/3
he ate 35 so initial no of cookies was = ((2+15+5)*2+15-10+20)*4/3+35 = 127
so barney ate 35+23+20+22+15 = 115 cookies.
total pound gained = 115/20 = 5.75(ans).
2.4 Write a stream –based echo server and a client sending message t.pdf
2.4 Write a stream –based echo server and a client sending message to it, and receiving back
each message in turn until the client terminates the connection. Hint: Modify the stream-based
TCP client and server programs in this chapter or similar programs to transfer multiple messages
back and forth.
Solution
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a stream-based method of network communication.
And one of the main protocol of Internet Protocol suite.
TCP provides an interface to network communications that is radically different from the USER
datagram Protocol(UDP).
The properties of TCP make it highly attractive to network programmers and it simplifies
network communication by removing many of the obstacles of UDP, such as ordering of packets
and packet loss.
TCP focuses instead on establishing a network connection, through which a stream of bytes may
be sent and received.
It establishes a \"virtual connection\" between two machines, through which stream of data may
be sent.
TCP uses a lowel-level communications protocol, the internet protocol to establish the
connection between machines.This connection provides an interface that allows stream of bytes
to be sent and received and to convert the data into IP datagram packets.
Simple Echo Server Program:
import socket
host = \' \'
port = 5000
backlog = 1024
s = socket.socket(socket.AF-INET, socket.SOCK-STREAM)
s.bind ((host,port))
s.listen(backlog)
while 1:
client, address = s. accept()
data = client.recv(size)
if data;
client.send(data)
client.close()
TCP ECHO CLIENT USING STREAMS:
import asyncio
@asyncio.coroutine
def tcp-echo-client(message, loop);
reader, writer = yield from asyncio.open-connection(loop = loop)
printf(\"send:% message)
writer.write(message.encode())
data = yield from reader.read(100)
print(\'received: %r\' %data.decode())
print(\'close the socket\')
writer.close()
message = \'Hello World\'
loop = asyncio.get-event-loop()
loop.run-until-complete-echo-client(message,loop)
loop.close().
11. In the United States, financial statement audits of non-public co.pdf
11. In the United States, financial statement audits of non-public companies are generally
governed by rules of the a. PCAOB b. ASB c. FASB d. SEC 12. Throughout the planning and
performance of a financial statement audit auditors are responsible for maintaining and
exercising essional skepticism/ professional judgment auditce approval /control over the
auditee\'s internal controls c. a cynical attitude / control over the auditee\'s financial statements d.
the auditee\'s financial information / management responsibility over the auditee 13. Financial
statement auditing generally involves a testing every transaction in which an entity engaged
during a year to prove accuracy b. obtaining evidence to remove all risk regarding the accuracy
of an entity\'s financial statements c. investigating the personal backgrounds of audit client
executives to determine whether they are honest d. testing samples of financial data to determine
whether the populations of financial statement information from which the samples are drawn
show the financial statements to be fair 14. The requirement that financial statement auditors be
independent helps assure the auditors\' work and resulting report will be unbiased and thus
credible b. that the auditors\' work and resulting report will be correct c that information risk
relating to auditees\' financial statements will be eliminated d that auditing firms will be free of
legal liability for deficient audits 15. Auditing generally requires a the availability of established
criteria obtaining all possible evidence regarding assertions 100% analysis ofall assertios dthat
GAAP ahways be respectied
Solution
11. B - ASB AUDITING STANDARD BOARD ISSUE STANDARDS , GUIDANCE FOR
NON PUBLIC CO. AUDIT
13 D- TESTING SAMPLE OF DATA....
15 A- AUDIT IS GENERALLY CONDUT TO GIVE ASSURANCE THAT F.S AS PER
SPECIFIED CRITERIA.
When you make the following dihybrid testcross MmPp x mmpp, what is .pdf
When you make the following dihybrid testcross MmPp x mmpp, what is your expected
phenotype ratio when the genes are independently assorting and when they are linked?
Solution
When the genes are independently assorting, the phenotypic ratio is MmPp:Mmpp:mmPp:mmpp
=1:1:1:1. The cross will be as follows
MmPp©mmpp
When the genes are linked, the alleles will not assort independently. The genes may be arranged
in either of the two ways. Two dominant allele and two recessive alleles may be on the same
chromosome. Duch an arrangement is called coupling. Also one dominant allele may be present
on the same chromosome as one recessive allele and may be passed on together. Such an
arrangement is called repulsion. The phenotypic ratio in either of the cases will never follow the
phenotypic ratio of 1:1:1:1.MPMpmPmpmpMmPpMmppmmPpmmpp.
Why do you think nursing core competencies were selectedWhy do .pdf
Why do you think nursing core competencies were selected?
Why do you think nursing core competencies were selected?
Solution
The Nurse of the Future (NOF) Competency Committee developed a set of core competencies
for all professional nurses of the future that are now being used as the framework for nursing
curriculum redesign and a statewide transition into practice model.Core Competencies includes
the following competencies: Patient-centered care,Professionalism,Informatics and
technology,Evidence-based practice (EBP),Leadership, Systems-based
practice,Safety,Communication,Teamwork and collaboration,and Quality improvement.All 10 of
these Core Competencies are centered toward one goal,the universal development of knowledge
for future nursing care.As health care providers are continually focused what is the best outcome
for the patient.They can achieve this goal for our patients through our continued education in
these competencies.The NOF Core Competencies are extremely important to streamlining how
nurses experience education and learning,and in how we provide care to the patient’s we
serve.The NOF Nursing Core Competency model provides a standardized and structured
approach to learning how to best introduce all 10 of the competencies into our nursing care.By
following these 10 competencies they can benefit the patient’s entire experience of the health
care system.The Nurse of the Future will provide holistic care that recognizes an individual’s
preferences,values,and needs and respects the patient or designee as a full partner in providing
compassionate,coordinated,age and culturally appropriate,safe and effective care..
Which of the following is true of water It is a phospholipid It is.pdf
Which of the following is true of water? It is a phospholipid It is polar It binds tightly to fats
All the above Which of the following would be a colloid? Blood Muddy river water Jello Salt
water Which of the following is a molecule, but not a compound? O_3 CO_2 H_2O C_6
H_12 O_6 which type of chemical bond causes a permanent transfer of electrons? Hydrogen
bond Covalent bond Ionic bond James Bond Why do fats and water not mix well? Water is
non-polar, fat is polar Water is polar, fat is non-polar Both water and fat are polar and repel
each other Both water and fat are non-polar and repel each other Any chemical reaction that
make larger molecules out of smaller things is called a ________ Equilibrium reaction Stable
reaction Creation reaction Synthesis reaction 46. How many different amino acids are used by
the human body? 12 20 32 128
Solution
40. b
Water (H2O) is an example of a polar molecule since it has a slight positive charge on one side
(hydrogen side) and a slight negative charge on the other (oxygen side).
41. a
Blood in its normal in suspension, which is a colloid. When applying of centrifugal force
externally, blood separates into its separate components just as a suspension does.
42. a
Smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction. A
molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
43. c
Ionic bonding is the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms. It is a type of
chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions.
44. b
45. d.
Which of the following are actually vector spaces over the real numbe.pdf
Which of the following are actually vector spaces over the real numbers? The complex numbers
The set of all polynomials of even degree. All continuous functions for which integral^1_0 f(x)
dx =0. All vectors of the form (a, b, l) where a and b are any real numbers. I & II I&III; I & IV
II & III II & IV The mathematica command \"RowReduce[] is a very useful tool in solving a
system of linear equations. finding the inverse of a matrix. finding the dimension of the range of
a transformation. computing the determinant of a matrix. determining if a set of vectors is
linearly independent. I only I & II only I, II & III only All but IV All but V
Solution
3. The statements I and III are correct because complex numbers form a vector space as well as
all coontinuous functions form a vector space
4. Row reduce is very usful tool in solving system of liner equations and finding the inverse of a
matrix. So statement I and II are correct..
What is the change of entropy of water (Lf = 0.333 MJkg, Lv = 2.26 .pdf
What is the change of entropy of water (Lf = 0.333 MJ/kg, Lv = 2.26 MJ/kg) when 450. grams of
water:
(a) changes from liquid to steam?
(b) changes from ice to liquid?
Solution
change of entropy of water = heat/temparature
a) dS = 0.450*2.26*10^6)/(273+100) = 2726.54 J/K
b) dS = 0.450*0.3333*10^6)/(273) = 549.39 J/K.
What are the epidemiological characteristics of infection with avian.pdf
What are the epidemiological characteristics of infection with avian and swine flu COMPARED
to yearly flu? please be SPECIFIC!
please, don\'t just give me the definition of avian and swine flu.
Solution
Avian Flu:
Avian flu caused by influenza virus in birds. The immediate source of infection for domestic
poultry can seldom start with direct or indirect contact of domestic poultry with water birds.
Many of the strains that circulate in wild birds are either non-pathogenic or mildly pathogenic for
poultry. However, a virulent strain may emerge either by genetic mutation or by reassortment of
less virulent strains. Infected birds excrete virus in high concentration in their faeces and also in
nasal and ocular discharges. Once introduced into a flock, the virus is spread from flock to flock
by the usual methods involving the movement of infected birds, contaminated equipment, egg
flats, feed trucks, and service crews, to mention a few. The disease generally spreads rapidly in a
flock by direct contact, but on occasions spread is erratic.
Swine Flu :
The main route of transmission is through direct contact between infected and uninfected
animals. These close contacts are particularly common during animal transport. Intensive
farming may also increase the risk of transmission, as the pigs are raised in very close proximity
to each other. The direct transfer of the virus probably occurs either by pigs touching noses, or
through dried mucus. Airborne transmission through the aerosols produced by pigs coughing or
sneezing are also an important means of infection. The virus usually spreads quickly through a
herd, infecting all the pigs within just a few days. Transmission may also occur through wild
animals, such as wild boar, which can spread the disease between farms. People who work with
poultry and swine, especially those with intense exposures, are at increased risk of zoonotic
infection with influenza virus endemic in these animals, and constitute a population of human
hosts in which zoonosis and reassortment can co-occur.
Yearly Flu :
Influenza virus is transmitted among humans in three main ways: by direct contact with infected
individuals, through contaminated objects (such as hairbrushes or towels – often called fomites)
and by inhaling virus-laden aerosols. The contribution of each mode of transmission to overall
spread of influenza is not known.The production of aerosols that contain virus particles is
necessary for the respiratory transmission. Speaking, singing and even normal breathing can
produce an adequate amount of aerosols, while sneezing and coughing lead to more forceful
expulsion.
comparision : All the three virus outbreaks happens from contact with different organisms like
birds, pigs and humans but the symptoms are all same and the severity of symptoms are
different. the common symptoms are fever,cough, sore throat, runny nose, headache, fatigue, and
muscle aches. The diagnosis will be doe for specific flu and then treated wit.
What benefits if any, are inherent with interactive communication fo.pdf
What benefits if any, are inherent with interactive communication for organizations?What
benefits if any, are inherent with interactive communication for organizations?
Solution
Just as for any organisation vertical as well as horizontal communication plays a vital role, there
is noth a great need for the interactive communication. Interactive communication has several
inherant benefits that come with the complete package. Some of them are.
What are the features of linear and charter What are the featur.pdf
What are the features of linear and charter
What are the features of linear and charter
Solution
Ans:
LINEAR:- Linear means arrangement in or extending along a straight line. This line is straight
because the variables change at a constant rate. They have a constant rate of change.
The features of linear are as follows:-
1. End behaviour in opposite directionside
2. There is an increasing trend in the entire function
3. There is no maximum or Minimum value
4. All are real numbers
5. Will have only one X intercept and one Y intercept
CHARTER :- It is a legal document that provides for the creation of a corporate entity. It
describes the rights, principles of an organisation or sometimes of a group of people. It is a
written instrument or a contract which is executed in due form and which creates and defines the
franchisees of a city, educational institutions or corporation.
The features of a linear are as follows:-
1. In case of charters, Annual franchise taxes also applies
2. Generally most charter include the corporation name, the location of its headoffice, the date of
incorporation, the amount type of stock to be issued and any restrictions on access of business
activity or further share issuances.
3. In case of charters, a chartering fee is also paid
4. It is filled up with the Secretary of the state for the state in which the corporation is
headquartered..
W hy is D the answer Why does it not indicate the same relations.pdf
W hy is D the answer? Why does it not indicate the same relationship among whales and other
groups? f 4, which of the following phylogrnies does not indicate the same relationship among
whales and otlier groups? E All the above show the same relationship g Each phylogeny slows a
different relationship
Solution
Answer:
1. a and b are the same tree but drawn in opposite orientation.
2. a, b, c and e share the same phylogenetic relationships. A close look into the trees reveal that
the whale along with the other animal (?) form a separate group and have evolved the most.
3. In a, b, c and e, whale and camel has same the phylogenetic distance (relationship), which is
not found in case of d. In a, b, c and e, camel has evolved the least and is close to the root. But in
case of d, camel shares a common group with deer (?). This alters the phylogenetic distance
between whale and camel.
Thus, the tree in d is different and does not indicate the same relationship between whale and
other animals..
what are handles, WS private, WS shared and Working set used for in .pdf
what are handles, WS private, WS shared and Working set used for in the OS
Solution
Handle: Handle is a reference to the resources present in a operating system. Resources can be
memory, a hardware device, a service etc. Some example of handles are network sockets,
process identifiers, file descriptors etc.
Working set (WS) is the total amount of memory a process needs to execute.
Privet working set means the portion of working set which is exclusively held by a process
during the execution. Memory utilized in privet working set cannot be accessed or used by other
process until the memory is voluntarily released.
Shared working set is the portion of working set which doesn\'t required exclusively by a
process. There for, it can be shared with other process to increase throughput..
USA Today conducted a survey asking readers, “What is the most hilar.pdf
USA Today conducted a survey asking readers, “What is the most hilarious thing that has ever
happened to you en route or during a business trip?”
a) What kind of sampling method is this?
b) Are the results likely to be biased? Explain.
Solution
a) This is self-selection sampling, where the readers voluntarily choose to be a part of sample.
b) Due to self selection, the sample is typically biased towards the subjects with stronger
opinions. Typically indifferent subjects do not participate in such survey, and thus the survey
mis-represents the population..
The distance between two successive minima of a transverse wave i.pdf
The distance between two successive minima of a transverse wave is 3.31 m. five of the wave
pass a given point along the direction of travel every 13.4 Find the frequency of the wave. Find
the wave speed.
Solution
Distance b/w two succesive minima=3.31m=wavelength
Time taken for 5 crests to pass =13.4s
It means 4 waves have passed in 13.4 sec
therefore frequency(no.of waves passed in 1 sec) =4/13.4=0.2985Hz
speed=4*3.31/13.4=0.988m/s.
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