3. Project Planning Phase:
The project planning phase of the project management life cycle defines
the scope and objective of a project. Proper project planning is one of the
most important steps in ensuring everything is delivered on-time and on-
budget.
It can help smooth out the planning phase, helping bring together
complex work streams. Whether your project is still an idea or you’re
managing an ongoing project, use this guide to the planning phase in
project management to get familiar with key concepts.
4. Definition of Project Planning Phase:
The project planning phase of project management is where a project
manager builds the project roadmap, including the project plan, project
scope, project schedule, project constraints, work breakdown structure,
and risk analysis.
What product(s) or service(s) will we deliver?
How much will the project cost?
How can we meet the needs of our stakeholders?
How will progress be measured?
5. Purpose of Project Planning:
Project planning communicates deliverables, timing and schedules, along
with team roles and responsibilities. During the planning phase of a
project, the project manager is forced to think through potential risks and
hang-ups that could occur during the project.
These early considerations can prevent future issues from affecting the
overall success of the project, or at times, cause a project to fail. Too little
planning causes chaos and frustration and too much planning causes a lot
of administrative tasks, not allowing enough time for creative work.
6. Project Plan:
A project plan is a set of documents that can change over the course of a
project. The plan provides an overall direction for the project, so drafting
this is a key aspect of the project planning phase. If unexpected issues
arise, such as delivery delays, the plan can be adjusted by the project
manager.
Plans include details related to:
Timelines and stages
Metrics
Activities
Milestones
Deliverables
7. Included in a Project Plan:
In project management, planning is a multifaceted process. A full project
plan might include the following documents:
Project charter.
This is a short, formal summary of your project’s aims, methods and
stakeholders. You’ll likely refer back to this document later in the project
lifecycle and may find it a useful frame of reference when measuring
success.
Project schedule.
Schedules list what needs to be done and when, including details of any
tools, bookings or people you might need to utilize at each stage. This is
sometimes paired with a work breakdown structure (WBS). Depending on
the nature of your project, you might list activities, costs and allocated
hours beneath each deliverable.
8. Cost management plan.
This is essentially a detailed budget. Using the project planning phase to
identify procurements, suppliers and resources can help you to map your
project’s price tag. A project manager might use this document to think
about human resource costs and consider figures that might grow if
elements of your project plan change.
Statement of work (SoW).
A statement of work can help you keep an eye on scope, by listing a
breakdown of the project’s aims and tasks. It’s often more detailed and less
formal than a project charter and you might include practical details, such
as the location of meetings, quality standards and software requirements
here.
Included in a Project Plan:
9. Risk management plan.
This allows you to identify the project’s main hazards for your
organization and their potential impact. Analyzing the likelihood of each
risk, high, medium or low, can give you sight of where to focus your efforts
right from the project planning phase.
Stakeholder management plan.
In project management, each department comes to the table with distinct
priorities, so drafting a stakeholder management plan can help. This
document can ensure you identify all stakeholders, assign roles and
prioritize interests accordingly.
10. Pre-planning: Meeting with
Stakeholders:
Prior to developing a project plan, the project manager should explain the
purpose of the plan to key stakeholders. These are the organizations and
individuals who are affected by the project and they need to understand
what goes into planning their project – a key component of
good stakeholder management.
11. How to Create a Project Plan:
It’s simple to create a project plan for your next stream of work. Simply
follow these seven steps.
1. Create a scope statement.
A scope statement documents what the project will produce and what it
will not. Once a project manager understands the stakeholder
requirements, they need to define the scope. This is a crucial step because
the scope will serve as the foundation of the project plan.
12. How to Create a Project Plan:
2. Create a statement of work.
A statement of work contains project details including project timelines, requirements,
and components. It’s an essential document that projects both the client and agency as
it is a legally binding document that details the amount a client will pay for certain
deliverables.
13. How to create a Project Plan:
Project deliverables. Even in the planning phase of a project, it’s wise to
pinpoint exactly what needs to be produced.
Project stakeholders. This is the who’s who of your project, from start to
finish.
Tasks and milestones. Consider the multiple milestones and project
streams you’ll need to manage simultaneously.
Resources. Will you need investment, materials or extra staff?
Budget. When this is defined, it can be easier to make a business case and
track return on investment (ROI).
Analytics. In project management, planning also means thinking about
how you’ll report on progress and measure success.
14. Project Planning Techniques:
After the project management planning phase, you want your groundwork
to set things out in a way that works for everyone. Some useful techniques
could make this more likely, including:
Meetings
Workshops
Surveys
15. Successful Project Planning:
The project planning phase is a roadmap for project
managers. From pre-planning and meeting with stakeholders,
to research, drafting, scheduling, and receiving final approval.
All of these steps and subtasks help contribute to a successful
project that aligns with the sponsor’s vision and overall
objectives.