this is the founders legacy of national university

1. LESSON 3:
THE FOUNDER’S LEGACY
1. Discuss how the founder was able to begin a school that
eventually evolved into a university.
2. Appreciate how the founder’s children and grandchildren
continued his legacy in running NU.
Learning Outcomes

2. Educational Highlights toward the End of
the 19th Century before the Founder Was
Born
• A school of mercantile accounting and modern languages patterned after the
Commercial School of Barcelona was inaugurated on July 15, 1840. It offered
accounting, mercantile correspondence, mathematics, French, English and
other subjects.
• Offered by premiere schools in Manila.
• In 1863, a Royal Decree was issued for a standard primary educational system.
• In 1865, Queen Isabella II appointed the rector of University of Santo Tomas
(UST) as the supervisor of all secondary and higher education in the
Philippines.
• UST held the entrance and final examinations of all those who wish to enter
secondary and higher education and those who finished their courses.
• UST issued the diplomas of the graduates regardless of where they took
their courses.

3. Chinese Socio-Cultural Impact
• Chinese mestizo rose to prominence between 1741 and 1898, primarily as a
landholder and a middleman wholesaler of local produce and foreign imports,
although there were also mestizos in the professions.
• Chinese immigration to the Philippines resulted in diversion
of mestizo energies away from commerce, so that the mestizos lost their
chance to become a native middle class, a position then taken over by the
Chinese.
• The Chinese needed to be baptized in order to stay in the islands and do
business.
• Spanish officials and friars stood as godparents
• Their surnames were adopted
• Some retained their father’s surname while others used their mother’s
maiden surname

4. Jhocson
Origin
• Oral tradition within the family has it that a
Hoc-Sung from Amoy, China was the
progenitor of the Jocson clan in the
Philippines.
Mariano Fortunato Jhocson’s lineage has
been traced back four generations to Tomas
Jocson, likely born in the late 18th century,
who married Juana Francisca de los Reyes.
Marriage certificates were found in archives
for Tomas’s son Feliciano who
married Florentina Velasco on February
28, 1824, and Feliciano’s son Remigio who
married Marta Papa on February 15, 1846.
Remigio’s son was the father of Mariano.

5. THE FOUNDER AND
HIS CLAN

6. Hoc-Sung to Jocson/Jhocson Lineage
Tomas Jocson
Feliciano Jocson
Remigio Jocson Marta Papa
Florentina Velasco
Crispulo Jocson
Mariano Fortunato
Jocson/Jhocson
Juana Francisca de los
Reyes
Marcela Alegrado/ Cruz

7. Crispulo Jhocson
• Born in Manila on June 9, 1850, and became a sculptor
and wood carver of note.
• Crispulo was credited with the image of La Inmaculada
Concepcion (The Immaculate Conception) and with
carving the pulpit together with Manuel Flores, Mariano
Siauinco, Gaspar Bautista, Pedro Nepomuceno and
brother-in-law Isabelo Tampinco along with 60 other
woodcarvers.
• He was awarded an honorable mention by the
Ministerio de Ultramar (ministry of the colonies) for his
entries in the Exposicion General de las Islas Filipinas
(General Exposition of the Philippine Islands) in Madrid in
October 1887 and by the Jurado Internacional de Premios
(International Jury of Prizes) in the Exposicion Universal
de Barcelona (Universal Exposition of Barcelona) on
December 9, 1888.
• Crispulo married Marcela Alegrado on February 9,
1875, and had 8 children. Their third

8. Mariano Fortunato
Jhocson (Jocson Y Cruz)
• Atoy, as he was fondly called in the
family.
• He learned by example the value of
honest work from Crispulo.

9. Woodcarving of Crispulo Jhocson
Given by father to
son in 1903 as
appreciation for
Colegio Filipino.
Philippine flag
Globe symbolizing arts
Books symbolizing letters
Caduceus as symbol of science
Mother Philippines

10. Mariano Fortunato Jhocson
• He was able to study at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila in
Intramuros despite his father’s modest means in exchange for
his work for the Jesuits.
• As a young student at the Ateneo, Mariano already displayed
his practical nature and spirit of entrepreneurship. He sold toys
like the yoyo carved in his father’s shop to earn him money to
buy school books and paper.
• Later on, he had himself tutored in advanced accounting by a
Frenchman named O’Ferrel who became so impressed with his
student that he secured for Mariano a position as tenedor de
libros (librarian) at the Bazar Filipino, which he held until the
outbreak of the Philippine Revolution in 1896. By this time, he
was just short of nineteen years of age and had a physique that
made him stand out naturally in any crowd, being almost six feet
tall and of bulky build.
• He received his degree of Bachiller en Artes (today's high
school) and a certificate as Perito Mercantil (Expert in Business,
equivalent to today's business administration courses) in 1897
with a grade of Aprobado (passed).

11. Mariano Jhocson’s
Academic Record in Ateneo
Subject/Course Year Taken Grade
Arithmetic and Algebra 1894-1895 Bueno (Good)
Elements of Geography 1891-1892 Notable (Very Good)
French 1896-1897 Mediano (Fair)
English 1894-1895 Notable (Very Good)
Business Math 1895-1896 Mediano (Fair)
Notions of Geography
and Business Statistics
1896-1897 Mediano (Fair)
Political Economics 1895-1896 Mediano (Fair)
Bookkeeping 1896-1897 Mediano (Fair)
Business Corespondence
and Operations
1895-1896 Mediano (Fair)
Mercantile/Business Law 1896-1897 Mediano (Fair)
11

12. • During the revolution, he became a
schoolteacher in Mariquina.
Although he did not join the armed
struggle, other Jocson relatives did.
• Given the revolutionary activities of
his relatives, Mariano and his siblings
felt the need to change their name’s
spelling to Jhocson to avoid
harassment from the authorities. His
siblings eventually reverted to the
original Jocson but Mariano decided
to keep the “Jhocson” spelling.

13. Marriages

14. Mariano and Consuelo
• Mariano married his first wife Consuelo
Luciano from Cavite in 1901. They had two
children:
• Domingo
• Ramon
• Consuelo died in 1908

15. Mariano and Miguela
Mariano married Miguela Martin with whom
he had eight children:
• Florencia
• Recaredo
• Remedios
• Leticia
• Teodoro
• Jesus
• Mariano
• Pacita

16. • He succumbed to illness
and passed away on March
17, 1928, just fifty years old
and at the pinnacle of his
success as an educator and
entrepreneur.
• In his last days, Mariano
enjoined his wife Miguela
and eldest son Domingo to
continue the task that he
had dedicated his life to –
that of educating the young
men and women of his
country.

17. In his eulogy, Rafael Palma, then
president of the University of the
Philippines, his friend from the
Colegio Mercantil days, described
Mariano Jhocson as an untiring
worker who always had plans for the
expansion of National University, as a
bold but prudent man whose moves
were calculated and goals well-
defined; a man with a firm and
energetic disposition and a generous
and appealing personality. He chose
the field of education because that
was where he could serve the
greatest number and spread the

18. Doña Miguela Martin Vda de Jhocson
• Took over as NU’s comptroller
after Mariano’s death
• She inculcated in her children the
values of respect for authority
and deep religious faith
• Closed NU during the Japanese
Occupation and reopened the
school after the liberation in 1945
• She assigned her children to
serve in various capacities in the
NU administration

19. The Founder’s
Children and
Grandchildren

21. By the time National University celebrated its golden jubilee in 1950, the
second generation Jhocsons had collectively brought the Founder’s vision
to fruition and the Jhocsons of Sampaloc were deeply entrenched in their
Manila community. National University, being one of the first schools to
open after the war, had quickly gained a huge enrollment. For the
Jhocsons, life revolved around the school.

22. 22
Florencia Jhocson-Javier
• Bachelorate of Science in Education
• She married Major Melchor M. Javier of the
of the Philippine Medical Corps.
• She taught Spanish subjects and helped
helped manage the NU Girls’ Dormitory,
Dormitory, and later became Treasurer.

23. 23
Recaredo “Danding” Jhocson
• BS Commerce, 1933
• He was a member of the underground
underground guerilla movement during
during the Japanese occupation and was
was incarcerated at Fort Santiago.
• He served as Registrar.

24. 24
Remedios Jhocson-Custodio
• Bachelor of Arts
• Married Eligio Custodio in 1931.
• She served as Treasurer and Secretary of
Secretary of the Board of Trustees.

25. 25
Leticia Jhocson-Paguia
• BS Commerce, 1949
• She taught at the College of Commerce and served as
served as Registrar.
• Director of the Physical Education Department.
• She became President of the Manila Bay Baseball
League and was called the “Czarina of Philippine
Baseball”.
• She also became the first woman President of the UAAP
the UAAP for its 1952-1953 season.
• She was fondly called “Mommy” by everyone.
• All of her six children—Celerino Jr., Roberto, Teresita,
Teresita, Arline, Carla, and Elaine—served in various

26. 26
Mariano Jr., “Naning”
• BS Commerce
• He served as Property Custodian and
Custodian and as member of the
the Board of Trustees.

27. 27
Pacita Jhocson-Ocampo
• She served as Property Custodian and Head of
Head of the Purchasing Department.
• Former NU President Teodoro Ocampo, current
current VP for Administration Jose Nilo Ocampo,

28. • The grandchildren of Mariano and Miguela grew up seeing their parents, uncles and aunts a
closely knit, family-oriented clan. They saw them as good people in loving relationships with
one another and with strong religious fervor. Yet, in the eyes of the third generation Jhocsons,
they were almost rigid in their traditionalism and old-fashion respect for authority. When a
sibling made a wrong decision or was in error, there were no recriminations. It was always
important not to offend the other’s feelings.
• Even sentiments were kept suppressed lest the other take offense. But it kept the Jhocsons
together. When the third generation Jhocsons became involved in running the University, they
too subjected themselves to the authority of the second generation in true Jhocson fashion,
even when they recognized red flags emerging from the dearth of progress and change. 28

29. 29
Consuelo Jhocson Miguel is the eldest
daughter of Domingo and Josefa Jhocson.
Jhocson. She graduated with a Commerce
Commerce degree from National University,
University, and Library Science from National
National Teachers’ College. She was NU’s
NU’s Chief Librarian for close to two
decades.

30. 30
Emmanuel J. Javier, son of Dr. Melchor
Javier and Florencia Jhocson, graduated
graduated with a Bachelor of Science in
in Chemistry from NU and became a
member of the faculty and Head of
Laboratories.

31. 31
Celerino J. Paguia, Jr.—Coach
Sonny—is the eldest son of Leticia
Leticia Jhocson and Celerino Paguia,

32. 32
Arline Paguia-Asensi-Royo is the second child of
Leticia Jhocson and Celerino Paguia, Sr. She has
She has a Bachelor of Science in Commerce and a
Commerce and a Doctor of Education from NU.
NU. She served NU for 50 years from 1959 to
to 2009 in the following capacities: Secretary of
Secretary of the Board of Trustees, High School
School Principal, Registrar and Vice President for
President for Academic Affairs. She served as
as UAAP Board Member.

33. 33
Carla P. Falconit is the fifth child of Leticia Jhocson and Celerino
Paguia, Sr. She is a chemical engineer and like her older sister
sister Arline, she served NU in various capacities: Dean of
of Student Affairs and Vice President for External Affairs. As
As Dean of Student Affairs in the 80s, she helped maintain
maintain discipline during riotous student activism in the campus
the campus and along the streets of Sampaloc. She organized
organized and united the different fraternities, sororities and
and other “samahan” groups into one brotherhood called the
called the United Students Organization of National University
University (USONU). Carla was a member of the Technical Panel
Technical Panel on Engineering Education of the Commission of
Commission of Higher Education. The Chemical Engineering
Engineering Board of the PRC commended her “for contributing
contributing to the enhancement not only of the Chemical

34. 34
Dr. Gabriel T. Jhocson is the third child of Jesus
Jhocson and Alma Tavanlar. He holds a Doctor of
Doctor of Education degree from Philippine
Philippine Normal University. He served as NU
NU Graduate School Director, at which NU
experienced an influx of student enrollees during
during the SM Partnership period.

35. 35
Teodoro J. Ocampo is the
eldest son of Pacita Jhocson
Jhocson and Benigno
Ocampo. He served as NU
NU President from 2003-
2018. He is also a member of
member of the UAAP Board.

36. 36
Jose Nilo J. Ocampo is the son of Pacita
Jhocson and Benigno Ocampo. He has
has an Industrial Engineering degree
degree from NU. He is the current Vice-
Vice-President for Administrative
Services. He is also a member of the
the UAAP Board.

37. 37
Pauline A. Paggao is the oldest daughter of
Arline Paguia and Nestor Asensi. She
She earned her BS in Banking and Finance
Finance and an MA in Educational
Management from NU. She was the
Registrar until 2022. A service awardee (42
awardee (42 years).

38. 38
Jose Ricardo SA Ocampo is the son of
Teodoro Ocampo. He served as the
the Dean of Student Affairs in NU
Manila. Currently, he is the
Administrative Director of NU Laguna.

39. 39
Other Family
Members and
Relatives

40. 40
Remigio Jocson
• Mariano’s younger brother.
• A Spanish writer and poet,
taught at Colegio Mercantil,

41. Feliciano Jocson
• During the revolution, other Jocson relatives joined the
joined the armed struggle, most prominently Mariano's
Mariano's 2nd-degree uncle, Feliciano, a Chinese
Chinese mestizo pharmacist who owned a drugstore in
drugstore in Escolta.
• A katipunero who became Secretary of Welfare of the
of the Departmental Government of Central Luzon
Luzon under Emilio Aguinaldo’s revolutionary
government. He changed his name’s spelling to
to Hokson in nationalistic fervor.
• Opposed the signing of the pact of Biak na Bato;

42. The Jocson Flag Designer?
• One argument that could support this narrative
was that since Feliciano Jocson graduated from
UST, the inspiration of the sun in the flag
was the symbol in the chest of St. Thomas
Aquinas. According to the Act of Proclamation
of Independence in 1898, the sun symbolized
progress and civilization.
• The progress and civilization actually
meant progress in education and the key
metaphor for enlightenment was the king of
heavenly lights which is the sun. Also, Aquinas
was called the Angelic doctor or teacher
because of his reputation for learning and
wisdom. Furthermore, two South American
countries namely Argentina and Uruguay have
the mythological sun in their flags as well.

43. 43
Isabelo Tampinco
• The husband of the Founder’s aunt Victoria Jocson.
• A sculptor and a classmate of Rizal at the Academia de Dibujo y
Dibujo y Pintura.
• His works included the Manila Cathedral's famous facade, the high
facade, the high relief on Santo Domingo Church's molave door,
molave door, the main altar of Laoag Cathedral, wood carvings in
carvings in San Agustin Church, the interior of the Old Senate
Senate Session Hall of the National Museum, Malacañang’s
Malacañang’s entablature, and the façade of NU Pharmacy and
Pharmacy and Dentistry Building (now Camilo Osias Hall).
• A recipient of merito civil medal for his sculptures (1880), silver
silver medal at the tercentenary celebrations of Saint Theresa of
Theresa of Avila (1882), silver medal and diploma of honor at the
honor at the Philippine Exposition in Madrid (1887), gold medal at
medal at the Exposicion Universal de Barcelona (1888), gold medal

44. 44
Dr. Nora Jocson-Claravall
• The Founder’s grand-niece from
brother Manuel Jocson’s family.
• Served as longtime University Chief
Chief Librarian.

45. 45
Activity!
Create a paper mache of Don
Mariano Jhocson
Deadline: September 12, 2024

46. Do you have
any questions?

47. Post-lesson thoughts…
Out of love for his country, the founder’s answer to freedom is
education. How can we continue his legacy and show our…
• appreciation for our education?
• love for country?

48. NATIONALIAN
COURSE
Course Materials
No part of this material may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form or by any means (electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without
prior permission of the copyright owner/s.
Prepared by: Dr. Richard Ryan Villegas
Reviewed by: Ms. Rc Argonza