The presentation titled "Waves of Feminism and Pakistani Feminism" by Rizwan Abbas explores the history and development of feminism globally and within Pakistan. The content is structured into several key sections: 1. Feminism: - The term "feminism" was coined by Charles Fourier in 1837. - Feminism is described as a collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights for women. 2. Historical Roots: - Significant milestones include the 1848 Declaration of Rights and Sentiments, the first meeting of the National Organization for Women (NOW) in 1966, and the landmark 1973 Roe v. Wade decision on abortion rights. 3. Waves of Feminism: - First Wave (18th century to 1920): Focused on women’s suffrage, the right to divorce, and addressing racism. - Second Wave (1920 to 1970): Highlighted body positivity, civil rights, abortion rights, and sexual freedom. - Third Wave (1980 to 2000): Emphasized LGBTQ rights, environmentalism, body and fat positivity, and sex positivity. - Fourth Wave (2000 to today): Continues to address a range of issues, including abortion rights. 4. Achievements: - Important legislative achievements include the Equal Pay Act (1963), the establishment of NOW (1966), the Civil Rights Act (1964), the introduction of the contraceptive pill for singles (1972), the Education Act (1978), and the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978). 5. Feminism in Pakistan: - The section addresses the misconception that feminism is a recent phenomenon in Pakistan. - It discusses the influence of media, Western impact, religion, state policies, history, culture, and social responsibility on Pakistani feminism. 6. Notable Pakistani Feminists: - Asma Jahangir: Human rights lawyer and co-founder of the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan. - Fareeda Kokikhel Afridi: Pashtun feminist and co-founder of SAWERA (Society for Appraisal and Women Empowerment in Rural Areas). - Kishwar Naheed: Urdu feminist poet, awarded Sitara-e-Imtiaz, and recognized in the Nobel Peace Prize project "1000 Women for Peace". - Women’s Action Forum (WAF): A prominent feminist organization in Pakistan. The presentation highlights the global evolution of feminist movements and their specific impact and manifestations within Pakistani society.

1. Waves of Feminism
By
Rizwan Abbas
Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan

2. Contents
• Feminism
• Historical Roots
• Definition of Feminism
• Waves of Feminism
• Achievements
• Feminism in Pakistan

3. Feminism
Difficult to define as a concept
rather to define from historical
roots.
Word “Feminism” was
coined by Charles
Fourier(1837).

4. Historical Roots
1992
1970
1966
1848
1973
Declaration of Rights
and Sentiments
first meeting of the
National Organization
for Women (NOW)
BETTY N. FRIEDAN
Abortion as a fundamental
constitutional right
Decision in ROE V. WADE
Sisterhood Is
Powerful.
Robin Morgan
1. Planned Parenthood of
Southeastern
ennsylvania v. Casey
2. Restrictions on the
abortion rights

5. Definition
• Feminism is a collection of
movements and ideologies for
women aimed at:
• Defining, establishing and
defending
• Equal political,
• Economic and social rights
socio-economic rights.

6. 2nd Wave Feminism
(1920 to 1970)
• Highlighted Issues:
1. Rights from 1st wave feminism and
2. Body Positivity
3. Civil Rights
4. Abortion Rights
5. Sexual Freedom
1st Wave Feminism
(18th century to 1920)
• Highlighted Issues:
1.Women's Suffrage
2.The Right To Divorce
3.Racism
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WAVES OF FEMINISM
3rd Wave Feminism
(1980 to 2000)
• Highlighted Issues:
1. LGBTQ Rights
2. Environmentalism
3. Body Positivity
4. Fat Positivity
5. Sex Positivity
6. Brain + Beauty
4th Wave Feminism
(2000 to today)
• Highlighted Issues:
1.There are many issues
including abortion.

7. ACHIEVEMENTS
1972
1966
1964
1963
1978
Equal Pay Act
Establishment of NOW
Civil Rights Act
Baby Pill for singles
Education Act
Pregnancy Discrimination Act

8. FEMINISM IN PAKISTAN
• Most of us think that feminism is a recent phenomena in Pakistan.
• Media’s Role and West’s impact
History
Social
Responsibilit
y
Culture
State
Religion

9. Famous Feminist in Pakistan
Asma Jahangir
• Women’s RightsActivitist.
• Nobel Peace Prize as part of the 1000 Women for Peace project.
• WAF (Women’s Action Forum).
Fareeda KokikhelAfridi
• Pashtun Feminist.
• SAWERA (Society for Appraisal and Women Empowerment in Rural
Areas).
Kishwar Naheed
• Urdu Feminist Poet.
• Sitara-e-Imtiaz
• Hawwa (Eve).