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Water_Pollution_Act_1974_Presentation.pdf
- 1. Water (Prevention andControl of Pollution) Act, 1974 • An overview of the objectives, structure, and legal framework for water pollution control in India.
- 2. Introduction • • Enactedin 1974 to prevent, control, and abate water pollution. • • Ensures clean and safe water for all citizens. • • Establishes authorities with powers to regulate water bodies.
- 3. Objectives of theAct • • Maintain and restore wholesomeness of water. • • Prevent and control pollution. • • Establish Central and State Pollution Control Boards. • • Provide penalties for non-compliance.
- 4. Key Definitions • •Pollution: Contamination that harms water quality. • • Trade Effluent: Waste from industrial processes. • • Sewage Effluent: Domestic wastewater.
- 5. Central Pollution ControlBoard (CPCB) • Functions: • • Advises Central Government. • • Coordinates with State Boards. • • Conducts nationwide surveys. • • Develops water quality standards.
- 6. State Pollution ControlBoards (SPCBs) • Functions: • • Plan and execute state-level programs. • • Collect and analyse water samples. • • Grant consent for industrial discharge. • • Enforce pollution control measures.
- 7. Powers of theBoards • • Inspect industries. • • Obtain information and take samples. • • Issue directions and closure notices. • • Prohibit disposal of harmful effluents.
- 8. Water Pollution ControlMeasures • • Setting effluent discharge standards. • • Monitoring industrial wastewater. • • Promoting treatment plants. • • Restricting discharge into water bodies.
- 9. Penalties & LegalProvisions • • Imprisonment: 1.5 – 6 years for violations. • • Extended penalties for continued offences. • • Industry closure for non-compliance.
- 10. Case Example • Example:Actions taken against industries discharging untreated waste into rivers (e.g., Ganga pollution control initiatives).
- 11. Conclusion • • TheAct is a key environmental law ensuring protection of water resources. • • Effective implementation requires cooperation from government, industries, and citizens.