it is about sewage plant at balkapur nala one of the opening to hussain sagar and history behind construction of hussain sagar

1. WASTE WATER
TREATMENT PROCESS AND
PLANT PERFORMANCE AT
20MLD STP
BY
K.PRAVEEN KUMAR(14881A0117)
V.SHIVA KUMAR(14881A0155)
D.PRASHANTH (15885A0106)
B.YASHWANTH KUMAR REDDY(14881A0108)
K.NAVEEN KUMAR(15885A0108)

2. CONTENTS
 ABOUT HUSSAIN SAGAR LAKE
 STUDY AREA
 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS OF THE TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER
 OBJECTIVE, DESCRIPTION AND MECHANISM OF 20MLD SEWAGE TREATMENT
PLANT AT BALKAPUR NALA
 METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
 RESULT ANALYSIS
 CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION OF HUSSAIN SAGAR
It was constructed in 1562.
It was constructed by Ibrahim Quli Qutub shah.
It is tributary of Musi River.
It was constructed to show the love of king
towards his people.
It was constructed for the sake of supplying water
for drinking and irrigation.
Connects two cities Hyderabad and Secundrabad.

4. SIGNIFICANCE OF HUSSAIN
SAGAR LAKE
 Hussain sagar is Heart shaped lake.
 There are 78 Heart shaped lakes and 24 heart
shaped Islands.
 It is World largest Heart shaped mark.
 UNWTO(United Nations World Tourism
Organisation) recognised Hussain sagar as
HEART OF WORLD on 27 SEP 2012.
source:google maps

6. PRESENT SCENARIO OF HUSSAIN SAGAR DUE TO POLLUTION

7. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS:
Became the main SEWAGE collection –TWIN cities(HYD &SEC).
Heavy ANTHROPOGENIC pressure(unplanned urbanisation).
Water quality has DETERIORATED considerably during last THREE decades.
Lake became shallow due to SILTATION.
Accumulation of DEBRIS.
It has reached HYPEREUTROPHIC status.
Growth of ALGAL BLOOMS and WATER HYACINTH.

8. METHODS FOR
CONSERVATION OF
HUSSAIN SAGAR
LAKE
 Installation of fountains.
 DREDGING and DISPOSAL
of sediments and debris.
 Provide reliable
RECYCLED water
supply(through STP’s).
source:internet

9. STUDY AREA OF STP

10. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS OF TREATMENT OF
WASTE WATER
CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN WASTE WATER.
1. Physical constituents.
2. Chemical constituents.
3. Biological constituents
PARAMETERS BY WHICH WASTE WATER IS MEASURED
1. BOD(biological oxygen demand).
2. COD(chemical oxygen demand).
3. TSS(total suspended solids).
4. DO(dissolved oxygen).

11. CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN WASTE WATER
CHARACTERISTICS SOURCES
PHYSICAL
COLOUR DOMESTIC&INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER AND DECAY OF ORGANIC MATTER
ODOUR DECOMPOSITION OF DOMESTIC&INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER
SOLIDS DOMESTIC&INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER AND SOIL EROSION INFLOW/INFILTRATION
TEMPERATURE DOMESTIC&INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER
CHEMICAL
PESTICIDES AGRICULTURAL WASTE
PHENOLS INDUSTRIAL WASTE
OTHERS NATURAL DECAY OF ORGANIC MATERIALS
CARBOHYDRATES,FATS,GREASE AND
OILS,PROTIENS AND VOLATILE
ORGANICS
DOMESTIC,COMMERCIAL&INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER

12. CHARACTERISTICS SOURCES
INORGANIC
ALKALINITY&CHLORIDES DOMESTIC,COMMERCIAL&INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER ,GROUND WATER INFILTRATION
AND HEAVY METALS
NITROGEN INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER
PH DOMESTIC AND AGRICULTURAL WASTE WATER
PHOSPHORUS DOMESTIC,COMMERCIAL&INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER AND NATURAL RUNOFF

13. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTE WATER
PARAMETER CONCENTRATION (mg/l)
BOD 100-300
COD 250-800
SUSPENDED SOLIDS 100-350
TOTAL NITROGEN(as N) 20-85
AMMONIA(NH3 as N) 10-30
ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS(as P) 1-2
INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS(as P) 3-10
OIL,GREASE AND FATS 50-100

14. ABOUT 20MLD SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT AT
BALKAPUR NALA
OBJECTIVES.
LITERATURE REVIEW.
DESCRIPTION.
MECHANISM.

15. OBJECTIVES
To improve the quality of the lake by preventing pollutants entering into the lake
Removing the nutrient-rich sediments.
Improvement of nullahs in catchment area to check the entry of polluted water into the lake.
To improve the overall lake environment and its surroundings for enriched biodiversity.
Increasing the potentiality of ecological tourism.
Improving the sanitary conditions of the people living in the catchment area.

16. LITERATURE REVIEW
AUTHOR
NAME
TITLE DATE OF
PUBLISH
CONCLUSIONS
Chan Review of anaerobic-aerobic
treatment of industrial and
municipal wastewater
2009 water treatment techniques currently available
including high rate bioreactors and integrated
anaerobic– aerobic bioreactors.
Raja Sekhar.P,
Lakshmi Sruthi.P,
Shiva Kumar.G.
Performance Evaluation of
Sewage Treatment plant at a
Point Source of Hussain sagar
Lake Watershed
MARCH 2014 All the individual units in the STP were checked for
their design authenticity and no flaws were found
and hence the design wise the STP was found to
be satisfactory.
The treatment plant was well maintained with a
higher removal efficiency achieving the standards
prescribed by the APPCB
Prachi & Sameer Performance evaluation of a 20
MLD Sewage Treatment Plant in
Kalyan
2014 The conclusions drawn from this study outlined
the need for continuous monitoring and
performance analysis by removal efficiencies of
each and every unit of STP

17. DESCRIPTION
IMAGE: google MAPS.

18. MECHANISM
Mechanical coarse screens.
Grit chamber.
Raw sewage tank.
Drum screens.
Parshall flume.
Anaerobic chamber.
Anoxic tank.
Aeration tank.
Coagulation tank.
Clarifier.
Desiccators.
Sludge drying beds.
Filtration.
Disinfection.

19. Mechanical
coarse screen
Grit
chamber
Raw
sewage
tank
Drum
screens
Parshall
flume
Anaerobic
digestion
tank
Anoxic
tank
Aeration
tank
Coagulation
tank
Clarifier
Desiccators
Sludge
digestion
beds
GHMC
Disposal
CMFDISINFECTION
WAS
WATER
RAS
WATER
FLOW CHART SHOWING DIFFERENT STAGES AT STP’s
HUSSAIN
SAGAR

20. MECHANICAL COARSE
SCREENING
Function:
• Primary unit operation.
• Removes plastics,paper,metals,rocks.
• Prevent damage of down stream
equipment,piping and appurtence.
Working:
• It has opening spacing of 6mm.
• 3 screens are present[(1 mechanical,2
manually)operated] including trash racks
• Removes large solids,plastics,paper,debris from
waste water.

21. GRIT CHAMBER
FUNCTION:
• It is an equalisation tank.
• Separates solids(rice,vegetables,pulses) and grease
and ensures that contact time is min.
• Such that Waste water doesn’t allow to absorb
organic pollutants
load(starch,carbohydrates,protiens) due to leaching.
WORKING:
• T joint is used at inlet-not to disturb floating film of fat.
• Tank is filled till the joint.
• Fat and scum rises-removed periodically.
• Heavier grit is settled at bottom-removed periodically.
• Baffle prevents floating scum and fats from drifting towards outlet.
• Hence waste water reaching outlet is free of scum,fat and solids.

22. RAW SEWAGE TANK
FUNCTION:
• If the flow is estimated to be gravity then tank should be deeper.
• Pumping system was introduced to pump sewage water to anaerobic tank @5000cu.m/day.
• Stores the raw sewage collected after the GRIT process.
WORKING:
• Raw sewage is collected in raw sewage tank and pumped by pumping system.
• There are two identical pumps. Controls ensure that only one pump can run at a time.
• Both pumps have independent suction pipes.
• The inlet pipes extend almost to the bottom of the tank, and must not have foot-valves.
• The delivery pipes from both pumps are combined in a !-shaped header.
• A delivery pipe takes sewage from this header to the aeration tank.
• The bypass pipeline returns the excess sewage back to the tank.

23. PARSHALL FLUME
FUNCTION:
• It is used to know the flow rate or discharge.
WORKING:
• A wide materials are used to make parshall
flume such as fiber
glass,stainlesssteel,galvanised steel.
• The main purpose to calculate the discharge is to
know the dosage of RAS(Raw activated sludge).

24. DRUM SCREENING
FUNCTION:
• Floating and suspended materials are retained by
screen basket.
• Blinding of the screen surface generates an
additional filtering effect so that solids can be
retained ie:solids smaller than bar spacing and
perforation.
Working:
• Perforations(1-6mm).screen size(3000mm dia cylinder),there are tanks mounted with an
inclination of 35 degree
• Rotating drum lifts the screens-drops them in centrally arranged trough.
• Screening removal drum is supported by scraper brush and a spray nozzle.
• Conveying screw transports,dewaters and compacts the screening without any odour
nuisance

25. ANAEROBIC TANK
FUNCTION:
• Anaerobic tank is to be constructed for
biological phosphorus removal under
anaerobic conditions.
WORKING:
• The common element in EBPR(enhanced biological phosphorus removal) implementations is
the presence of an anaerobic tank(nitrogen and oxygen are absent).
• Prior to the aeration tank. under these conditions a group of heterotrophic bacteria called
poly phosphate accumulation organisms(PAO) are selectively enriched in bacterial community
with in the activated sludge.
• Thus bacteria accumulate large quantity of poly phosphate with in and removal of phosphorus
is said to be done.
• There are 4no’s of screw mixers to prevent settling of PAO’s.

26. ANOXIC TANK
FUNCTION:
• It is used for the removal of total nitrogen without providing oxygen.
WORKING:
• Nitrogen content in sewage water is removed by the process of denitrification.
• As we know that nitrogen is in the form of inorganic nitrogen and organic nitrogen.
• Inorganic nitrogen consists of ammonia and nitrates.
• Denitrification process takes place under anaerobic condition.
• Due to anaerobic reaction bubbles are formed and nitrogen is escaped into
atmosphere.

27. AEROBIC TANK
FUNCTION:
• Increases the dissolved oxygen content.
• WORKING:
• provided with 12nos. surface aerators.
• Provided with 9nos.floating aerators.
• The aerators shall be under continuous
operation(24hr/day)(manually).
• An on-line DO monitoring system is provided
for each oxic tank, suitably installed to
monitor and maintain DO set level between
1.5-3 mg/L for BOD/COD reduction and
nitrification.

28. COAGULATION
DEFINATION:
• The process of adding certain chemicals for accelerating
sedimentation and the effective removal of very fine and
colloidal particles is known as coagulation.
PROCEDURE:
• 10ppm of ALUM dosage is added to sewage water after
aeration process.
• The removal of very small sized particles and colloidal
particles including some bacteria we adopt sedimentation
aided with coagulation.
ALUM

29. CLARIFIER
• In water treatment, sedimentation is commonly used
to remove impurities that have been rendered
settleable by coagulation and flocculation, and
remove turbidity and colour.
• When a coagulant is thoroughly mixed in the water it
reacts with certain impurities in water, resulting in
the formation of insoluble, gelations and flocculent
precipitate called floc.
• This floc enmeshes very fine and colloidal
particles. Further the ions of floc having positive
charge, attract the negatively charged colloids
and bind them together

30. DESICCATOR AND SLUDGE DRYING BEDS
• Turbidity of sewage water in aerobic stage is calculated.
• If turbidity is greater than 600mg/l then the sludge
produced is divided into RAS(raw activated sludge) and
WAS(waste activated sludge).
• RAS can be further used for anaerobic reactions.
• When WAS is generated then organic solids and water are
separated in desiccator.
• The WAS generated is dried in sludge drying beds.
• After drying the sludge is dumped to GHMC.

31. MEMBRANE FILTRATION
• Feed supply to each CMF cell(through membrane fed pump ‘M06-
01’).
• CMF-S Filtrate Backwash Supply Tank to store filtrate that is pumped
to the membrane sub modules during Filtrate Backwash
• Compressed air supply providing process Air used during ‘CMF cell
providing control Air to air operated equipment (valves, pumps).
• Air scour Supply System of one or more low pressure air blowers.
• Backwash waste sump(for backwash waste disposal); Clean-in-place
(CIP) system , comprising cleaning solution concentrate clean water.
• External PLC (programmable Logic Controller) and SCADA to provide
overall plant control and monitoring (it required).

32. DISINFECTION
FUNCTION:
• Termination of growth and reproduction of micro
organisms.
WORKING:
• The filtered water from CMF is subjected to
disinfection using sodium hypochlorite as
disinfectant.

33. METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF WASTE WATER
TREATMENT PLANT
SCADA-software
It analysis the characteristics of waste water. Eg: PH, DO,
TSS, TKN, COD, BOD.
It analysis the inflow and outflow discharge of each tank.
Eg: anoxic tank, aeration tank, clarifier.
It gives an alarm if any defect in operation is detected.

34. RESULT ANALYSIS:
PROPERTIES RAW SEWAGE FINAL
TREATED
WATER
PH 6.97 7.36
DO(mg/l) 0.3 3.66
TSS(mg/l) 356 1
COD(mg/l) 458 26
BOD(mg/l) 213 1.5
PROPERTIES RAW
SEWAGE
FINAL TREATED
WATER
PH 6.98 7.39
DO(mg/l) 0.27 3.67
TSS(mg/l) 350 1
COD(mg/l) 456 26
BOD(mg/l) 235 1.5

35. CONCLUSION
• Colorless and odour less water is obtained at
the output.
• Siltation has been decreased in huge amounts.
• Phosphorus is eliminated.
• Nitrogen is eliminated.
• DO levels has been increased from (0-3)mg/l.
• BOD is vastly decreased to standards of lake
water disposal(<4mg/l).
• COD is vastly decreased to standards of lake
water disposal(<30mg/l).
• PH is increased to 7.5 which is desired limits
i.e.(6.5-9.5). The above standards are for
conservation of aquatic life.

36. REFERENCES
• Ramanathan, Gayatri (3 April 2003). "Hi-tech entertainment on the anvil for Hyderabad". The
Times of India. Retrieved 17 August2008.
• "Smooth sailing on murky waters". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 20 August 2009.
• "Art from recycled material at Sanjeevaiah Park". The Hindu. 27 April 2010. Retrieved 26
September 2010.
• Suneela M, Radha Krishna G, Vamsi Krishna K, Manga Sai V, Bhargav V, et al. (2008). Sangupta
M, Dalwani R, eds. "Water and sediment analysis of Hussain Sagar Lake,
Hyderabad" (PDF).World Lake Database. Environmental Protection Training and Research
Institute. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
• "War hero recalls tank bund". The Times of India.