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LAN Local Area Networks
The issue with broadcast traffic in the LAN…
LAN Networks
Ethernet Switch
External
Networks
ENG PC1
IP Address: 10.10.10.10
SALES PC2
IP Address: 192.168.10.10
ROUTER
SALES Default Gateway
IP Address: 192.168.10.1
ENG Default Gateway
IP Address: 10.10.10.1
SALES PC1
IP Address: 192.168.10.11
ENG PC2
IP Address: 10.10.10.11
ENG PC3
IP Address: 10.10.10.12
VLAN Virtual Local Area Networks
We can increase performance and security in the LAN by implementing
VLANs on our switches
VLANs segment the LAN into separate broadcast domains at layer 2
An access VLAN is configured on ports where an end host is plugged in
Only traffic for that specific VLAN will be sent out an access port
The configuration is all on the switch, the end host is not VLAN aware
VLAN Virtual Local Area Networks
Ethernet Switch
External
Networks
ENG PC1
IP Address: 10.10.10.10
SALES PC2
IP Address: 192.168.10.10
ROUTER
SALES Default Gateway
IP Address: 192.168.10.1
ENG Default Gateway
IP Address: 10.10.10.1
SALES PC1
IP Address: 192.168.10.11
ENG PC2
IP Address: 10.10.10.11
ENG PC3
IP Address: 10.10.10.12
SALES VLAN
ENG VLAN
What about the links between switches?
Ethernet Switch
External
Networks
ENG PC1
IP Address: 10.10.10.10
SALES PC2
IP Address: 192.168.10.10
ROUTER
SALES Default Gateway
IP Address: 192.168.10.1
ENG Default Gateway
IP Address: 10.10.10.10
SALES PC1
IP Address: 192.168.10.11
ENG PC2
IP Address: 10.10.10.11
ENG PC3
IP Address: 10.10.10.12
SALES VLAN
ENG VLAN
Dot1Q Trunks
Ethernet Switch
External
Networks
ENG PC1
IP Address: 10.10.10.10
SALES PC2
IP Address: 192.168.10.10
ROUTER
SALES Default Gateway
IP Address: 192.168.10.1
ENG Default Gateway
IP Address: 10.10.10.10
SALES PC1
IP Address: 192.168.10.11
ENG PC2
IP Address: 10.10.10.11
ENG PC3
IP Address: 10.10.10.12
SALES VLAN
ENG VLAN
TRUNK
Dot1Q Trunks
Dot1Q trunks are configured on the links between switches where we
need to carry traffic for multiple VLANs
When the switch forwards the traffic to another switch, it tags it in the
layer 2 Dot1Q header with the correct VLAN
The receiving switch will only forward the traffic out ports that are in
that VLAN
Hypervisors ‐ VLAN Aware Hosts
End hosts are typically members of only one VLAN and are not VLAN
aware
A special case is virtualized hosts, where there are virtual machines in
different subnets on the host
In this case we need to trunk the VLANs down to the host
Hypervisors ‐ VLAN Aware Hosts
Physical
Ethernet Switch
External
Networks
ROUTER
SALES Default Gateway
IP Address: 192.168.10.1
ENG Default Gateway
IP Address: 10.10.10.1
SALES VLAN
ENG VLAN
SALES VM
IP Address: 192.168.10.11
ENG VM
IP Address: 10.10.10.10
Virtual Switch
VMware Host
TRUNK
Trunk
VLANs.pdf

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VLANs.pdf

  • 1. LAN Local Area Networks The issue with broadcast traffic in the LAN…
  • 2. LAN Networks Ethernet Switch External Networks ENG PC1 IP Address: 10.10.10.10 SALES PC2 IP Address: 192.168.10.10 ROUTER SALES Default Gateway IP Address: 192.168.10.1 ENG Default Gateway IP Address: 10.10.10.1 SALES PC1 IP Address: 192.168.10.11 ENG PC2 IP Address: 10.10.10.11 ENG PC3 IP Address: 10.10.10.12
  • 3. VLAN Virtual Local Area Networks We can increase performance and security in the LAN by implementing VLANs on our switches VLANs segment the LAN into separate broadcast domains at layer 2 An access VLAN is configured on ports where an end host is plugged in Only traffic for that specific VLAN will be sent out an access port The configuration is all on the switch, the end host is not VLAN aware
  • 4. VLAN Virtual Local Area Networks Ethernet Switch External Networks ENG PC1 IP Address: 10.10.10.10 SALES PC2 IP Address: 192.168.10.10 ROUTER SALES Default Gateway IP Address: 192.168.10.1 ENG Default Gateway IP Address: 10.10.10.1 SALES PC1 IP Address: 192.168.10.11 ENG PC2 IP Address: 10.10.10.11 ENG PC3 IP Address: 10.10.10.12 SALES VLAN ENG VLAN
  • 5. What about the links between switches? Ethernet Switch External Networks ENG PC1 IP Address: 10.10.10.10 SALES PC2 IP Address: 192.168.10.10 ROUTER SALES Default Gateway IP Address: 192.168.10.1 ENG Default Gateway IP Address: 10.10.10.10 SALES PC1 IP Address: 192.168.10.11 ENG PC2 IP Address: 10.10.10.11 ENG PC3 IP Address: 10.10.10.12 SALES VLAN ENG VLAN
  • 6. Dot1Q Trunks Ethernet Switch External Networks ENG PC1 IP Address: 10.10.10.10 SALES PC2 IP Address: 192.168.10.10 ROUTER SALES Default Gateway IP Address: 192.168.10.1 ENG Default Gateway IP Address: 10.10.10.10 SALES PC1 IP Address: 192.168.10.11 ENG PC2 IP Address: 10.10.10.11 ENG PC3 IP Address: 10.10.10.12 SALES VLAN ENG VLAN TRUNK
  • 7. Dot1Q Trunks Dot1Q trunks are configured on the links between switches where we need to carry traffic for multiple VLANs When the switch forwards the traffic to another switch, it tags it in the layer 2 Dot1Q header with the correct VLAN The receiving switch will only forward the traffic out ports that are in that VLAN
  • 8. Hypervisors ‐ VLAN Aware Hosts End hosts are typically members of only one VLAN and are not VLAN aware A special case is virtualized hosts, where there are virtual machines in different subnets on the host In this case we need to trunk the VLANs down to the host
  • 9. Hypervisors ‐ VLAN Aware Hosts Physical Ethernet Switch External Networks ROUTER SALES Default Gateway IP Address: 192.168.10.1 ENG Default Gateway IP Address: 10.10.10.1 SALES VLAN ENG VLAN SALES VM IP Address: 192.168.10.11 ENG VM IP Address: 10.10.10.10 Virtual Switch VMware Host TRUNK Trunk