Presentation Of Vitamin A

1. 
 Name:Mehedi shah
 Roll No:161328
 Group No:04
Topic:Nutritional Disease
Sub topic:Vitamin Deficiency Disease

2. Vitamin A is an essential vitamin needed for
growth and development, cell recognition, vision,
immune function, and reproduction. It is a
powerful antioxidant and acts as a hormone in the
body.

3. 
 The best sources of vitamin A are:
 Cod liver oil.
 Eggs.
 Fortified breakfast cereals.
 Fortified skim milk.
 Orange and yellow vegetables and fruits.
 Other sources of beta-carotene such as broccoli,
spinach, and most dark green, leafy vegetables.
Source

4. 
One of the Disease related to the deficiency of vitamin A:
Xerophthalmia.
Deficiency Disease: A disease caused by the lack of an
element in the diet, usually a particular vitamin or mineral.

5. 
Etiology
 These are the most common causes that leads to the appearance of
xerophthalmia:
 Vitamin A deficiency (Primary cause)
 Aging
 Previous injuries or traumas .
 Autoimmune disorders (rheumatoid arthritis,)
 Radiotherapy (often transient but cases of permanent damage have
been reported)
 Medication (medication for nasal congestion, sedatives, medication
against allergies, such as anti-histamines)
 Chemical burns
Xerophthalmia:
It is a Progressive eye disease which leads to excessive
dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea.

6. 
 Night blindness.(Inability to see well at night)
 Conjunctival xerosis(severe conjunctival dryness.)
 Bitot’s spots.(build up of keratin in cinjunctiva)
 Corneal xerosis.(dull,dry and lusterless cornea.)
 Keratomalacia.(drying and clouding of the cornea)
Pathological feature

7. 
Patients suffering from Xerophthalmia
Bitot's spot
Corneal xerosis
Conjuctival xerosis

8. 
The condition begins with night blindness and
conjunctival xerosis (dryness of the eye
membranes), progresses to corneal xerosis (dryness
of the cornea), and in its late stages develops into
keratomalacia (softening of the cornea).
Pathogenesis

9. 
 Lack of adequate diet, especially a lack of animal products.
Infants and children are at greater risk. The younger the
child, the more severe the effects of vitamin A deficiency.
Risk factor

10. 
Prevention is better than cure.So,we should take food
having plenty of Vitamin A.Though if deficiency
disease started to show symptoms we can prevent them
by medication.Some brands of medication are:
1.A forte(Retinol)
2.Ovit A(Retinol)
3.Vis A (Retinol)
Treatment

11. 