Virus-like particles consist of one or more structural proteins that, when expressed recombinantly, have the ability to self-assemble. Proteins can be arranged in single, double or triple layers. The VLPs of human papilloma virus (HPV) are formed by a single structural protein that forms the basic capsid of the particle. https://www.creative-biolabs.com/vaccine/virus-like-particles-based-vaccines.htm

1. Virus-Like Par ticles
Based Vaccines
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2. C u l t u re M o d e s
Types of Virus-like Particles01.
Production Methods02.
03.
Content

3. Types of Virus-like Particles
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4. Types of Virus-like Particles
Virus-like particles consist of one or more structural proteins that, when expressed recombinantly, have the ability to self-assemble. Proteins can be
arranged in single, double or triple layers. The VLPs of human papilloma virus (HPV) are formed by a single structural protein that forms the basic
capsid of the particle. Other more complex VLPs contain several structural proteins. For example, the VLPs of the Reoviridae family are formed by
two to four different proteins arranged in several layers. VLPs may have an external lipid envelope such as HIV-1 VLPs. Influenza virus VLPs are also
formed by the protein core and hemagglutinin spikes which are displayed on its surface. [1] Since envelope-VLPs will contain proteins expressed on
their membranes, the choice of producer cell line will be crucial.

5. Types of Virus-like Particles
Different virus-like particles

6. Production Methods
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7. Production Methods

8. Culture Modes
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9. Culture Modes
• Batch mode: the most used culture mode and has been used for many types of VLP, including HIV, Chikungunya virus, and Ebola virus. All the
elements needed are added at the beginning of the culture with the advantage that the medium is well utilized, and the product is highly
concentrated.
• Fed-batch mode: small quantities of nutrients or medium are added during the culture to supply the cells with specific components depleted.
Such strategies can extend the exponential growth phase and be used to reach high cell concentrations.
• Continuous cultivation mode: fresh medium is added while the conditioned medium is extracted. This system presents a short “turn-around”
time (reduces the cost associated with cleaning and filling of the bioreactor) and a small number of production steps. However, continuous
production requires large amounts of medium, which is hard to adapted to large-scale production.
• Perfusion mode: large volumes of media and cell-medium separation devices are needed. Although enhancing cellular growth and protein
expression, the perfusion system impact negatively on cellular growth rate, protein expression and production cost.

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