This document summarizes the services of a technology-focused company that provides computational mechanics and simulation tools. They offer modeling, simulation, analysis, optimization and evaluation across various technical areas including multiphysics simulation, multibody dynamics, and total design. Their methodology uses commercial and research simulation packages along with custom software development. They can help companies with product design, validation, independent engineering and operational improvements through simulation.

2. Who we are: Technology
Technology-fueled company
• Applied research to engineering
• State-of-the-art technical and scientific advances
Tools: Computational Mechanics
• Multibody Dynamics for machines and vehicles
• FEM for mechanical and thermal analysis
• CFD for fluid dynamics/thermal
Technical areas
• Simulation driven design/product development
• Multiphysics simulation
• Total design (analysis, optimization and evaluation)

3. Total design
In product design cycle, we provide:
1. Modelling, Simulation, Analysis:
• Material modeling
• Structural trustworthiness. Failure, fracture
• Dynamics: transient effects and motion, fatigue cycles
• Heat transfer and coupled thermo-mechanics: creep,
relaxation, thermal shock, thermal cycles
• Thermal-fluid-dynamics
2. Optimization of designs based on technical
or economical criteria
3. Evaluate and validate:
• Analysis tools validation: FEM Model Updating,
Identification of Dynamical Systems
• Lab and prototype testing

4. How we work: Methodology
Using off-the-shelf software packages and state-of-the-art methods
for design problems of the industry
• FEM commercial or R&D package (FEAP, Code Aster, self-developed)
• MSD commercial or R&D package (self-developed)
• CFD commercial or R&D (Code Saturne, Syrthes, openFOAM, self-developed)
Generating ad-hoc tools for design/analysis of machines, mechanisms
and structures based on state-of-the-art in Mechanical Eng.
• Redistributable software packages
• Self-proprietary code
• Advanced C++/Python programming
• GUI programming (Qt)
• Advanced postprocessing tools (VR, GTK, Paraview, Salome)
• Detailed documented software and projects

5. Design: Analysis Tools
1. Finite Element (FEM):
• Static and dynamic structural trustworthiness: creep, fatigue, maximum
service loads
• Thermal stress
• Elastic and inelastic stability: critical loads, postcritical behavior
• Modal analysis
• Design optimization and parametric modeling
• Non-linear material models (temperature-dependent, plastic, granular)
• Heat transfer: conduction, radiation, convection (Solar energy systems)
2. Thermal-CFD (Conjugate Heat Transfer)
• Coupled thermal-fluid analysis (solar receivers, heat exchangers)
• Simulation of variety of HTF’s for Solar industry
• Convective/radiation losses in semi-closed cavities (Solar Receiver)
3. Multiphysics: coupled field fluid-thermal-mechanical
4. Multibody Dynamics: machines and vehicles simulation

6. Design: Optimization Tools
Optimal Mechanical Design:
• Design problem is mathematically formulated as a non-linear optimization scheme
with constraints
• Objective function: total volume and weight, costs, global strength
• Constrains are given by: Ultimate and Serviceability limit states, geometry and
weight

7. Design: Testing tools
Data acquisition and sensoring,
mechanical testing:
1. Validate computational models:
• Material characterization, constitutive modeling
• Mechanical elements characterization
• Parameter identification of dynamical systems, unknown mechanical
properties: damping, friction coefficients, unbalances
2. Data acquisition and testing
• Professional commercial systems
• Low-cost ad-hoc systems designed by Virtualmech (we deliver case-specific
hardware depending on customer needs: single/continuous use)
• Self-developed data acquisition software and postprocessing tools
• Micro-controllers/processors programming

8. What can we do for your company?
Virtualmech can help you in:
1. Design, validation and certification of:
• Singular structures
• Multiphysics systems: Solar energy, petrochemistry
• Mechanical systems, machines and vehicles
2. Automation of repetitive simulation or
algebraic calculations by means of ad-hoc
software
3. Personalized design software for case-specific
problems
• More flexible and easier to use and learn
• Cost-competitive and profitable
4. Optimization, improvement and cost-cutting of
existing systems

9. Business Scope
CSP-CST Railroad Vehicle-Machine

10. Sector: CSP
Technology
• State-of-the-art Computational Mechanics applied to your CSP needs
• Coupled field Multiphysics fluid-thermal-mechanical simulations
• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques for fluid dynamics/thermal
problems: solar radiation to thermal energy conversion
• Finite Element Method (FEM) for simulation of thermo-mechanical problems:
thermal stress
• Total design: analysis, optimization, evaluation; based on simulation tools
• Simulation of transient phenomena: start-ups, shut-downs, clouds

11. Sector: CSP
CSP Services:
• Technology forecasting
• Technical consultancy
• Conceptual design of CSP components
• Basic and detailed engineering of CSP components and systems. Certification
• Independent Engineering
• O&M improvements and cost-cutting based on simulation, analysis and redesign
or replacement of components and systems. Plant modernization.
• Root Cause Analysis (RCA)
• Curves of parametric behavior for CSP components for integration in performance
and marketing/bankability analysis tools for plants

12. Application to CSP
Central tower (CT) receiver design:
• Thermal layout
• Thermal-hydraulic basic design
• Thermo-mechanic basic design
• Detailed engineering and certification
CT cavity design:
• Radiation and convection losses minimization
• Raytracing-based optimization to reduce optical losses
• Insulation design
CT receiver distributor and collector design:
• Pressure vessel code-based design (ASME BPVC)
• Inner insulation design for high temperature HTF’s (> 900 C)

13. Application to CSP
Inlet and outlet piping design for high temperature and pressure
HTF’s:
• Insulation for controlled thermal losses
• Thermal-hydraulic and mechanical design (clamps, bellows, insulation shell)
• Ad-hoc flanged joints for high temperature and different piping materials
Linear solar collectors (Fresnel, Parabolic Trough): tube-receiver or
multi-pipe bundle design
RCA and predictive analysis for O&M cost-cutting
• Ball-joints and flexible hose replacement analysis and strategy
• Solar Steam Generator and TES heat exchangers malfunctions due to transients or
decreased efficiency issues at design conditions

14. Application to CSP
TES tanks:
• Tank checkings under API codes
• Foundation thermal design
• Foundation mechanical design and geotechnical analysis
Low-medium temperature process heat and solar cooling
applications

15. Sector: Renewable Energy-Solar
1. Fluid-thermal layout, mechanical design of CSP tower receivers:
• HTF’s (air, steam, SCO2, molten salts), high pressure and Temperature (> 1000◦
C)
• Topologies: closed, open, volumetric, tubular
• Stationary structural trustworthiness: Ultimate and Serviceability limit states
• Transient-based design (plants start-ups, shut-downs, clouds):
• thermal shock
• creep and relaxation
• thermal fatigue and TMF
• viscoelasticity
2. Fluid-thermal design of semi-closed cavities for receivers
• Minimize loss: radiation and convection to ambient
• Insulation design: minimize conduction loss
3. Mechanical design of high-temperature components (up to 1600◦C)
• Special materials: ceramics, metallic alloys (Inconel, Incoloy), etc.
• Flanged connection (Patent): extreme operating conditions (not-normalized in design
codes), gasket detailed FEM modeling, different nature/materials pipes

16. CSP: Cavity coupled thermal-fluid design

17. CSP: Cavity fluid convection loss

18. CSP: Irradiated Pipes thermal behavior
Thermal-Mechanical
Thermal-Fluid

19. CSP: Molten Salts storage tanks: thermal analysis
FEM mesh Thermal behavior

20. CSP: Molten Salts tanks: mechanical analysis

21. CSP: Finite Differences Software package for
thermal analysis of Molten Salts storage tanks
−2 −1.5 −1 −0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
x 10
4
−14000
−12000
−10000
−8000
−6000
−4000
−2000
0
2000
r−coordinate (mm)
z−coordinate(mm)
X: −3500
Y: −1.8e+04
Z: 30.77
X: 1.22e+04
Y: −3400
Z: 33.07
X: 1900
Y: −7400
Z: 40.05
X: −2.14e+04
Y: −2.8e+04
Z: 27.09
X: 500
Y: −2400
Z: 361.2
X: 600
Y: 0
Z: 535
X: −6400
Y: 800
Z: 435.8
X: −6700
Y: 600
Z: 46.78
X: −9000
Y: −250
Z: 32.78
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
5400 5600 5800 6000 6200 6400 6600 6800 7000 7200
−600
−400
−200
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
X= 6000
Y= −400
Level= 430.7034
X= 6500
Y= 0
Level= 396.0315
X= 6000
Y= 0
Level= 535
X= 6500
Y= 400
Level= 334.7172
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500

22. CSP: Solar Shield, tower support structure
Euro and Israel Code checks
Final Client: Alstom, Client:
Promat HPI

23. Sector: Vertical Transport
1. Dynamics and vibration simulation. vmElevator 2.4:
• First dedicated commercial code package for elevator dynamics
• Optimization: energy, eco-designs
• Flexible: Client-specific adaptations
• Provides: cabin dynamics, vibration, variety of loading, energy
requirements, inverter simulation, etc.
2. Ad-hoc analysis/measurement hardware
• Measurement of elevator comfort (ISO18738): vmRideAnalyzer 1.0
• Distributed acquisition network for elevator global dynamics
measurement. Used for computational models Validation and
Identification
3. Simulation/measurements-based analysis and consultancy
• Modelization of virtual prototypes. Simulation-based design.
• Vibration and noise analysis
• Forensic engineering (RCA)

24. Sector: Railway Transport
Dynamic simulation of vehicles
1. Methodology:
• Mathematical representation of vehicle and
track
• Virtual model of vehicle/track coupled
dynamics
• Computational simulation
2. Applications:
• Vehicle design
• Stability, critical velocity
• Curved track dynamics
• Wheel profile wear
• Derailment/security
• Passengers comfort
• Active control systems tuning
• Control over vibrations to environment
• Forensic engineering/accidents
Vehicle and track maintenance
1. Methodology:
• Real-time simulation
• Ins: Sensors data
• Outs: non-measurable quantities
(track-wheel contact), state of vehicle
2. Applications:
• Evaluate comfort and security
• Measurement of geometric quality of track
• Vehicle maintenance: wheel wear,
suspension, wheel-rail adhesion
• Active control systems
• On-line simulation-based information for
driver/company

25. Railway: Mechatronic applications
Real time simulation of
railroad-vehicle dynamics
Simplified test case (track monitoring)
1. Inputs:
• Sensors: IMU
• Mathematical model
2. Outputs:
• Track geometry monitoring
• Wheel-rail contact forces (security)
• Accelerations on Passengers (comfort)

26. Clients
• Hidral
• MacPuarsa-MP
• Construcciones Sando
• ThyssenKrupp
• Albatros
• Wittur
• AICIA
• Kone Cranes
• Orona

27. Clients Solar
• Albatros
• AICIA
• Promat HPI
• AtriaPower/Ferrostaal
• Beroa-Dominion
• Schott Solar
• Rioglass

28. Virtualmech in Consortium
CERSOL (High temperature and pressure Ceramic receiver for
Solar-hybrid gas turbine and combined-cycle systems)
Innterconnecta-CDTI-FP7
• Abengoa Solar NT
• Promat
• Teams
• CSIC/US
• 200 hours operation Summer 2015, target air temperature 1100C
SIMUVIA (Simulaci´on embarcada para auscultaci´on de v´ıas mediante
la observaci´on de estado de veh´ıculos ferroviarios) CTA-IDEA
• Construcciones SANDO
• Nadir
• Conacon

29. Virtualmech: Research projects
Desarrollo de un software embarcado para la evaluaci´on en tiempo real de la seguridad
de la marcha de veh´ıculos ferroviarios. (07/2015–12/2017)
• Programa: Acci´on Estrat´egica de Econom´ıa y Sociedad Digital- Impulso
Tecnol´ogico-2015
• Ministerio de Industria, Energ´ıa y Turismo. Secretar´ıa de Estado de
Telecomunicaciones y para la Sociedad de la Informaci´on
Applied research activities:
• PhD. Thesis: Herramientas de simulaci´on computacional para procesos
termo-fluido-din´amicos aplicados a la Industria Solar de Concentraci´on.
Generaci´on Directa de Vapor
• Awarded Industrial PhD. by Spanish Government, 2016 Spanish Science Program.
• Fund raising for project: Reducci´on de costes en tecnolog´ıa Solar de
Concentraci´on. Receptores de torre y lineales. Aplicaci´on a sistemas de media
temperatura y generaci´on de Energ´ıa T´ermica
• SolarPaces2016: Paper on convection/radiation losses on closed cavities for solar
tower receivers

30. Virtualmech: CSP recent activity
Agreements, conversations and detailed quotations:
• Cobra: ball-joints
• Magtel/OHL: Fresnel receiver thermal performance and controllability simulations
• ACWA: SSG, molten salts piping transport
• CENER/TSK Flagsol: central receiver research project
• CSPValue: commercial agreement
• Schott Solar: receiver tubes coupled fluid-thermal-mechanical analysis
• TSK: TES tanks foundations analysis and design
• TSK Flagsol: High temperature outlet piping for R&D tower project (CAPTure-EU)
• SENER: TES tanks and foundations analysis and design: steady-state and transient operation
International Forums:
• CSPToday 2014-2015-2016
• CSP Focus China 2016
• SolarPaces 2016