This document provides instructions for several chemistry experiments that are demonstrated in videos on a YouTube channel. It describes how to perform experiments to: 1. Oxidize an aldehyde using Tollens' reagent, which is prepared by mixing solutions of silver nitrate and sodium hydroxide followed by addition of ammonia solution. 2. Prepare Schweitzer's reagent by dissolving a copper hydroxide precipitate formed from copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide solutions in ammonia to produce a solution used to dissolve cellulose. 3. Make soap by heating oil with a sodium hydroxide solution in a porcelain capsule for 1.5-2 hours.

1. VIRTUAL CHEMISTRY
EXPERIMENTS

2. OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCryKIucaTZJWkPrt6ntJK6A/videos
By copying this link or with just a simple search of : PIN Romania, you could see
step by step how each of the experiments bellow were done.

3. ALDEHYDE'S OXIDATION WITH
TOLLENS REAGENT.
THE OBTAINING OF TOLLENS REAGENT(SILVER DIAMINO
HYDROXIDE)Materials: aldehyde, solutions of AgNO3(silver nitrate), NaOH(sodium hydroxide)
and ammonia solution, glasses, test tubes;
Procedure: 1. We mix the solution of silver nitrate with the solution of sodium
hydroxide. After this, the precipitate obtained is dissolved with ammonia solution,
when the Tollens reagent is formed.
AgNO3 + NaOH = AgOH + NaNO3
AgOH + NH3 = [ Ag (NH3)2] OH
2. A few ml of aldehyde is introduced into a test tube. Then we added a
few ml of Tollens reagent to the aldehyde solution, then heated the test tube into
the flames  The silver mirror appears.

5. OBTAINING OF SCHWEITZER
REACTIVE.Materials: solutions of copper sulphate, solution of NaOH , ammonia solution, test
tubes;
Procedure: We pour the solution of sodium hydroxide (few ml) over the copper
sulphate solution; the blue precipitate formed( Cu(OH)2 ) is dissolved by the addition
of ammonia.
The color ink solution obtained is the Schweitzer reagent (tetraamine copper
hydroxide) - used to dissolve cellulose.
CuSO4 +2 NaOH = Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Cu(OH)2 +4NH4 OH = [Cu(NH3 )4 ](OH)2 + 4H2O

7. MAKING SOAP
Materials: oil, sodium hydroxide solution, test tubes, porcelain capsule, balance,
heating source, tastes;
Procedure
- The solid sodium hydroxide weighed is dissolved in water;
- We pour the oil over the NaOH solution in the porcelain capsule, then we heat for
1.5-2 hours;

9. THANK YOU FOR
ATTENTION- Romanian
Team