Vincent van Gogh was a post-impressionist painter known for his iconic works like Starry Night and Sunflowers. Some of his most famous pieces include The Potato Eaters, his first masterpiece, Café Terrace at Night featuring his signature starry sky, and Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear, painted after he cut off his own ear. While he only sold one painting in his lifetime, van Gogh is now considered one of the greatest painters of the modern era.