3. The Y chromosome is passed down from male to male, and is used in tracing the history of early humans.
4.
5. “Little Ice Age” -16th-19th centuries -Scientists assume that this Ice Age was a result of low solar activity and high volcanic activity, to name a few. -There were harsh winters all over the world, especially in Europe and North America. -Half of the population of Iceland died as a result of the winter and lack of cereal crops.
6. “Genghis Khan” -Founder, ruler, and emperor of the Mongol Empire, which was the largest Empire in the world. -He earned power by uniting the confederations of the Central Asian plateau. -He conquered the Jin Dynasty by massacring their army.
7. “The Columbian Exchange” -Between the Eastern and Western hemispheres -They exchanged plants, animals, ideas, diseases, and slaves. -It took place during Christopher Columbus’s trip to America in the late 15th century.
8. “The Columbian Exchange” Cont. - The Europeans exchanged horses with the Native Americans, which became extremely useful for them in hunting food. -The New World society traded their tomato sauce to Italy. -Many of the staple foods in different countries would not have been possible if it weren’t for the Columbian Exchange.
9. “The Columbian Exchange” cont. -Even though the Columbian Exchange made a huge positive impact on the world, it had its disadvantages. -In addition to food and plants, diseases were also being exchanged among countries. -Diseases were especially evident among Native Americans, who had no immunity towards new diseases, especially smallpox.
![“The Journey of Man” ,[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)