Vh antibody
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Recombinant monoclonal antibody to CD70. VL-8-VH is a human antibody that can be potentially used in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disease.
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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use. No products from Creative Biolabs may be resold, modified for resale or used to manufacture commercial products without prior written approval from Creative Biolabs.
Cxcl12 antibody
Recombinant monoclonal antibody against mouse and human CXCL12α, CXCL12β, and CXCL12γ, was shown to dose-dependently block CXCL12α binding to CXCR4 and CXCR7, and CXCL12α-induced Jurkat cell migration in vitro.
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Cgrp antibody
Anti-CGRP Antagonist Antibody scFv fragment G1 binds to a C-terminal epitope with F37 and G33 being the most important residues. G1 does not bind to CGRP when an extra amino acid residue (alanine) is added at the C-terminal.
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This antibody is a rat monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine, and it can neutralize the bioactivity of mouse CX3CL1/Fractalkine.
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Recommended
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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use. No products from Creative Biolabs may be resold, modified for resale or used to manufacture commercial products without prior written approval from Creative Biolabs.
Cxcl12 antibody
Recombinant monoclonal antibody against mouse and human CXCL12α, CXCL12β, and CXCL12γ, was shown to dose-dependently block CXCL12α binding to CXCR4 and CXCR7, and CXCL12α-induced Jurkat cell migration in vitro.
Cgrp antibody
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Cgrp antibody
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Vhh library
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This product is a mouse monoclonal antibody that specially recognizes C. trachomatis 30 kDa protein.
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Recombinant Mouse Antibody (3E6) is capable of binding to Coagulation factor VIII, expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO).
Antibody kda
This product is a mouse monoclonal antibody that is capable of binding to CMV 65 kDa LA.
Dab antibody
Recombinant Human Antibody (dAb HEL4) is capable of binding to Chicken LYZ, expressed in HEK 293 cells. Expressed as the combination of a heavy chain (HC) containing VH from anti-Chicken LYZ mAb and CH1-3 region of human IgG1 and a light chain (LC) encoding VL from anti-Chicken LYZ mAb and CL of human kappa light chain. Exists as a disulfide linked dimer of the HC and LC hetero-dimer under non-reducing condition. HEL4 is highly soluble at concentrations of> or =3 mM, essentially monomeric and resistant to aggregation upon thermodenaturation at concentrations as high as 56 microM.
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Ccr2 antibody
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Cd3e protein
This antibody-cytokine fusion protein was achieved by conjugating/fusing the Anti-CD3 IgG to TNF. It was expressed in CHO and purified with affinity chromatography. The immunocytokine retains the ability to bind the CD3 as well as the biological activity of TNF. TNF-FuP provided a weak stimulus for lymphocyte proliferation, but it had no effect on LAK cells. However, it supported activation of Mfs and, to a minor extent, of CTLs. This immunocytokine was designed for treating CD30-positive lymphoma.
Cd38 antibody
The present antibody specifically binds to CD38 which is capable of killing a CD38+ cell by induction of apoptosis, antibody-dependent cell- mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. The disclosed antibody may be used as a medicament or in the making of a medicament, wherein the antibody is to be administered to a human subject in a safe therapeutic dose.
Cd25 antibody
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Cd20 antibody
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This antibody is a mouse monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to CD200, and it can neutralize the bioactivity of CD200.
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B cell sorting
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Affinity maturation of antibodies
Subsequent library screening will fish out the antibody mutants that have high affinity. Two library screening strategies are available. In the first "surface-panning" strategy, decreasing concentrations of antigen is surface immobilized. In the second "solution-sorting" strategy, in which a labeled antigen in solution is used, we have two approaches, selection based on the equilibrium constant (Kd) and selection based on binding kinetics. In the first approach, sub-library phage is incubated with biotinylated antigen at controlled concentrations and bound phages are captured by immobilized NeutrAvidin. Selection based on binding kinetics is also termed off-rate (Koff) selection, in which phage population is allowed to saturate the labeled antigen before a large molar excess of unlabeled antigen is added to the mix for controlled periods of time. This allows the selection of mutant antibodies that have slower off-rates. Since a reduction in Koff usually results in a higher affinity, this selection approach singles out antibody variants with improved Kd.
Antibody avidity
We use an error-prone PCR integrated DNA-shuffling approach to mutate mainly CDR regions during sub-library construction. If the potential of introducing immunogenic mutations to framework positions is not a concern, we usually use this approach to create mutations at completely random positions across the entire VH and VL fragments. In these cases, the genetic diversity of the sub-library is further increased via passage through our proprietary bacterial mutator strain, CD-affi™.
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Dab antibody
Recombinant Human Antibody (dAb HEL4) is capable of binding to Chicken LYZ, expressed in HEK 293 cells. Expressed as the combination of a heavy chain (HC) containing VH from anti-Chicken LYZ mAb and CH1-3 region of human IgG1 and a light chain (LC) encoding VL from anti-Chicken LYZ mAb and CL of human kappa light chain. Exists as a disulfide linked dimer of the HC and LC hetero-dimer under non-reducing condition. HEL4 is highly soluble at concentrations of> or =3 mM, essentially monomeric and resistant to aggregation upon thermodenaturation at concentrations as high as 56 microM.
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Cd3 antibody
This antibody-cytokine fusion protein was achieved by conjugating/fusing the Anti-CD3 IgG to IL2. It was expressed in CHO and purified with affinity chromatography. The immunocytokine retains the ability to bind the CD3 as well as the biological activity of IL2. under in vitro conditions, IL2-FuP efficiently initiated T-cell activation and stimulated LAKs as well as CTLs. Its potency was superior but not qualitatively different from that of a mixture of anti-EGFR and IL2 This immunocytokine was designed for treating Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Anti cd30 monoclonal antibody
MDX-1401 is a fully human, non-fucosylated antibody that targets CD30, a marker for activated lymphocytes that is present on malignant cells of HL as well as other CD30-expressing cancers.
Ccr2 antibody
CCR2, which is a receptor for the C-C chemokines can bind MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, MCP-4 and MCP-5. CCR2 as well as processes and cellular responses mediated by CCR2, are involved in rejection of transplanted grafts
Ccr2 antibody
CCR2, which is a receptor for the C-C chemokines can bind MCP-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, MCP-4 and MCP-5. CCR2 as well as processes and cellular responses mediated by CCR2, are involved in rejection of transplanted grafts.
Ccl5 antibody
This antibody is a mouse monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to mouse CCL5/RANTES, and it can neutralize the bioactivity of mouse CCL5/RANTES.
Anti cd40 antibody
Provided is an anti-human CD40 antibody that is substantially antagonistic to a human CD40 antigen on the dendritic cell (DC) surface. And it is an agonistic anti-human CD40 antibody that is expected to have a therapeutic effect higher than those of conventional anti-human CD40 antibodies.
Cd3e protein
This antibody-cytokine fusion protein was achieved by conjugating/fusing the Anti-CD3 IgG to TNF. It was expressed in CHO and purified with affinity chromatography. The immunocytokine retains the ability to bind the CD3 as well as the biological activity of TNF. TNF-FuP provided a weak stimulus for lymphocyte proliferation, but it had no effect on LAK cells. However, it supported activation of Mfs and, to a minor extent, of CTLs. This immunocytokine was designed for treating CD30-positive lymphoma.
Cd38 antibody
The present antibody specifically binds to CD38 which is capable of killing a CD38+ cell by induction of apoptosis, antibody-dependent cell- mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. The disclosed antibody may be used as a medicament or in the making of a medicament, wherein the antibody is to be administered to a human subject in a safe therapeutic dose.
Cd25 antibody
Recombinant Chimeric (Human/Mouse) Antibody (CHI621) is capable of binding to CD25, expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells (CHO). This chimeric antibody (SDZ CHI621) has been evaluated in a phase I/II clinical study in human renal cadaver transplantation and has shown very promising results.
Cd20 antibody
This antibody-cytokine fusion protein was achieved by conjugating/fusing the Anti-CD20 IgG to RLI. It was expressed in CHO and purified with affinity chromatography.
Anti cd200 antibody
This antibody is a mouse monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to CD200, and it can neutralize the bioactivity of CD200.
Ccl20 antibody
Recombinant Humanized monoclonal antibody expressed in CHO binding to Human CCL20. TAB-096CL is an investigational monoclonal antibody that is an antagonist for human CCL20, a chemokine ligand that binds to the CCR6 receptor. The CCL20/CCR6 interaction is implicated in a range of autoimmune diseases.
Diabody
With unchallenged experience in diabody (Db) synthesis, Creative Biolabs has long been well-known in the field of antibody production. We elaborately integrate our multiple platforms for providing customer a desired Db with high affinity and low immunogenicity for both academic and clinical purposes.
Cova322
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B cell sorting
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Affinity maturation of antibodies
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Antibody avidity
We use an error-prone PCR integrated DNA-shuffling approach to mutate mainly CDR regions during sub-library construction. If the potential of introducing immunogenic mutations to framework positions is not a concern, we usually use this approach to create mutations at completely random positions across the entire VH and VL fragments. In these cases, the genetic diversity of the sub-library is further increased via passage through our proprietary bacterial mutator strain, CD-affi™.
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Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
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Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
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Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
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Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
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Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
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Vh antibody
- 1. vh antibody • Recombinant monoclonal antibody to CD70. VL-8-VH is a human antibody that can be potentially used in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disease.
- 2. • For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use. No products from Creative Biolabs may be resold, modified for resale or used to manufacture commercial products without prior written approval from Creative Biolabs.