Literature under republic

4. Alejandro Abadilla
Filipino poet, essayist and fiction writer. Critic Pedro
Ricarte referred to Abadilla as the father of modern
Philippine poetry, and was known for challenging
established forms and literature's "excessive
romanticism and emphasis on rime and meter".[1]
Abadilla helped found the Kapisanang Panitikan in 1935
and edited a magazine called Panitikan.[1] His Ako ang
Daigdig collection of poems is one of his better known
works

5. Nobela ni Lazaro Francisco, ang Maganda pa ang Daigdig (1955) ay
naglalahad sa buhay ni Lino Rivera. Si Lino ay anak ng magsasaka
at dumanas ng pagdurusa sa sistemang piyudal. Nagbalik siya sa
Pinyahan makaraan ang digmaan, at hinanap ang kaniyang anak na
si Ernesto. Makikilala niya si Kumander Hantik na hihimukin siyang
sumama sa kilusan upang wakasin ang bulok na sistemang agraryo.
Tatanggi si Lino. Darating sa buhay niya si Pari Amando na nag-aari
ng malalawak na lupain at magpapanukala ng pagbabago. Tahimik na
sana ang pamumuhay ni Lino, lalo na't napaibig siya kay Bb.
Sanchez. Darating ang sandali na masasangkot siya sa gulong, at
pagbibintangang pumatay sa isang lalaki. Mabibilanggo siya, ngunit
makatatakas, kasama ang iba pang bilanggo, at magbabalik sa
kaniyang lalawigan. Ang pangkat ni Lino ang magsisilbing
tagapagtanggol ng naaaping magsasaka. Sasapi rin siya sa pangkat
ni Don Tito, na isang makapangyarihang panginoong maylupa.
Magwawakas ang nobela sa bakbakan ng mga rebelde at tropa ng
pamahalaan. Pagkaraan, maihahayag na walang sala si Lino na
taliwas sa paratang na siya'y mamamatay-tao.

6. Hernandez was a journalist and labor organizer
who led the biggest labor strike to hit Manila in
1947 and another massive one in 1948.
The Philippine military started a crackdown
against the communist movement in 1950.
Hernandez was arrested on the suspicion that
he was one of the leaders. He was imprisoned
for 5 years.
It was in jail that he would write his most
notable works, Isang Dipang Langit (An Arm's
Length Piece of the Sky), and the novels Luha
ng Buwaya (Tears of the Crocodile) and portions
of Ibong Mandaragit (Bird of Prey).

7. Sinulat ito dahil sa siya mismo
ang katauhan sa tula, siya ay
nabilanggo at nakaranas ng
hirap sa buhay....

8. Alberto Florentino is a Filipino playwright and book
publisher. His plays in English center on the conflicts in the
everyday lives of ordinary Filipinos. The most famous
among his works is The World is an Apple which earned
him his first Palanca Award in 1954 and remains one of
the most performed plays in the Philippines.
His books of plays include: The World is an Apple and
Other Prize Plays; The Portable Florentino; Memento
Mori; Sangyugto; Panahon ng Digma; From Book to
Stage; among others.
He published/edited 75 books under his imprints from
1959 to 2001. Among them were the early works of his
colleagues like Jose Garcia Villa (Poems 55, A Doveglion
Book of Philippine Poetry, Poems in Praise of Love,
Selected Stories from Footnote to Youth, The Essential
Villa) Nick Joaquin (Portrait of the Artist as Filipino, Laval
de Manila and Other Essays, The Song of Maria Clara and
Other Poems, San Eustaquio, martir, Saint Eustachius,
martyr)and Francisco Arcellana (Selected Stories, 15
Stories by Francisco Arcellana, The Essential
Arcellana)among many others.

9. This play is set on the edge of a cemetery in
an impoverished area of Manila. It tells the
tale of the poverty stricken and the lifestyle
of the urban poor. The characters in the
story are Torio, Carding and Marina. They
are underprivileged and deprived of life's
basic necessities and resources.
The moral of the story is that sometimes in life,
people lose control over their senses, reason and
rationality. When desperate enough, people go to
any means possible in an effort to provide for their
family and keep themselves alive.

10. Abadilla was born to an average Filipino family on March 10, 1906, in
Salinas, Rosario, Cavite. He finished elementary school at Sapa Barrio
School, then continued for high school education in Cavite City. After
graduation, he worked for abroad into a small printing shop in
Seattle, Washington. He edited several section of the Philippine
Digest, Philippines-American Review and established Kapisanang
Balagtas (Balagtas' Organization). In 1934, he returned to the
Philippines where he finished AB Philosophy at the University of
Santo Tomas. Until 1934, he became municipal councilor of Salinas
before shifting to insurance selling job.
Alejandro G. Abadilla (March 10, 1906–August 26, 1969), commonly known
as AGA, was a Filipino poet, essayist and fiction writer. Critic Pedro Ricarte
referred to Abadilla as the father of modern Philippine poetry, and was
known for challenging established forms and literature's "excessive
romanticism and emphasis on rime and meter". Abadilla helped found the
Kapisanang Panitikan in 1935 and edited a magazine called Panitikan. His
Ako ang Daigdig collection of poems is oneof his better known works.

11. According to Pedro Ricarte, Abadilla's major
breakthrough in Philippine poetry was when he
wrote the poem "Ako ang Daigdig" ("I Am the
World") in 1955. Initially, poetry critics rejected the
poem since it does not follow the traditional poetry
that uses rhyme and meter. In the poem, the
repetition of the words ako (I), daigdig (world) and
tula (poem) leaves an impression that the poet,
Abadilla, is not himself. The speaker of the poem
says that he himself, his world of poem and his
poems are united as one.

12. Ang kwentong ito ay tungkol sa pagbabalik-tanaw ng tagapagsalaysay sa tuwing
nakakakita siya ng mga batang nag papalutang ng bangkang papel. Isang batang
lalake ang nagising sa malakas na dagundong at nakasisilaw na liwanag subalit
napagtanto niyang walang pumapatak sa kanilang bubungan. Hinanap niya ang
kanyang ama sa kanyang ina ngunit pinatulog lamang siya nito sapagkat
magpapalutang pa siya ng bangkang papel bukas.
Subalit hindi niya napalutang ang mga bangkang papel dahil paggising niya
kinabukasan ay nakita niya ang kanyang inang nakalugmok sa sahig habang
hinahaplos-haplos ang buhok ng kanyang kapatid na si Miling. Napakaraming tao
sa paligid at wala ni isa man sa kanila ang nagpaliwanag sa kanya sa nangyayari.
Ayon sa malakas na tinig, pinalilikas na ang mga residente sa ligtas na pook
kasama si Kapitan Isidro. Napag-alaman ng batang lalake na ang kanyang ama ay
kasama sa labinlimang patay sa sagupaan ng mga kawal at taong- bayan. Tinanong
niya ang kanyang ina kung bakit pinatay ng mga sundalo ang kanyang ama ngunit
hindi rin alam ng kanyang ina ang sagot sa kanyang tanong dahil sa parehas nilang
hinahanap ang kasagutan.
•Ang isyung tinalakay sa kwento ay ang pagkawasak ng pamilya
dahil sa gera. Unang nailathala ang maikling kwentong Bangkang
Papel noong 1946, ang taon kung saan nagkamit ng Pilipinas ang
tunay na kalayaan. Ito rin ang unang taon kung saan maaring
maglathala ng mga kwento ang awtor. Bakas sa kwento ang
kinimkim na saluobin ng awtor tungkol sa digmaan noong
pinlanong sakupin ng mga Hapon ang Pilipinas.

13. Ang Paglilitis ni Mang Serapio" is about how powerful beggars
questioned Mang Serapio's caring of a child. In their federacion
this act is illegal because their payment to the federacion would
be divided. This play describes how people in the lowest of all
classes distinguish among themselves who are powerful and who
are not. It depicts the life of poor people on the streets and how
they strive everyday fighting for their principles and seeking to
survive.

14. Diction is an important element of poetry. The way Carlos' poem speaks is in such a
way that you will need to read it again just to get the actual meaning of the poem. He
speaks in a much formal yet much complicated manner. The speaks in a way wherein
you can understand the words but connecting them together makes your mind sweat.
The speaker of the poem is a son/daughter . The poem didn't actually specify the
gender of the speaker. But I am sure that the speaker is a human and a son/daughter
since he or she addressed his or her parents as mama and papa.
The Family Reunion is a play by T. S. Eliot. Written mostly in blank
verse (though not iambic pentameter), it incorporates elements from
Greek drama and mid-twentieth-century detective plays to portray the
hero's journey from guilt to redemption. The play was unsuccessful
when first presented in 1939, and was later regarded as unsatisfactory
by its author, but has been successfully revived since the 1940s. Some
critics have thought aspects of the tormented hero reflect Eliot's own
difficulties with his estrangement from his first wife.

15. Bienvenido N. Santos (1911–1996) was a
Filipino-American fiction, poetry and
nonfiction writer. He was born and raised in
Tondo, Manila. His family roots are originally
from Lubao, Pampanga, Philippines. He lived
in the United States for many years where he
is widely credited as a pioneering Asian-
American writer.

16. • Santos’s The Day the Dancers Came
short story was adapted and made into a
play entitled First Snow of November by
Filipino fictionist and playwright Alfonso
I. Dacanay. The stage version won first
prize in the One-Act Play in English
category during the 2005 Palanca
Awards. [12] Santos’s tale was also
adapted and made into a twenty-seven
minute film with the same title as the
short story.[6]
• References

17. Kerima Polotan-Tuvera 4
Kerima Polotan-Tuvera was a Filipino author.
She was a renowned and highly respected fictionist,
essayist, and Journalists, with her works having
received among the highest literary distinctions of
the Philippines. Some of her stories have been
published under the pseudonym Patricia S. Torres.

18. Other items that literary critics focused on in The Summer Solstice
included Joaquin's literary style and theme. In general, critics agree
that Joaquin's stylistic genre was to present the way of life and
culture in the Philippines during the transition from being Hispanic
into American. Some critics praised Joaquin for his style of "setting
the mood" for a presentation of a past full of mysticism, but others
found Joaquin's melodrama as excessive thus pushing away from
the story's "narrative logic and formal elements". The presentation
of pagan rituals and Christian rites, superstitious and religious
beliefs, the old and the new were argued to be more of a "fission"
rather than a "fusion" due to the existence of the struggles
occurring between the pairs mentioned. Contradicting descriptions
of the Philippines during its pre-colonial past also led literary
reviewers to regard Joaquin as a writer who was unable to
"embrace" the ambience of such a time in Philippine history
because he was more "nostalgic" of the colonial history of the
country. Thus, Joaquin through The Summer Solstice and his other
stories, was summarized as a search for his country's "national and
cultural identity."
"The Summer Solstice", also known as "Tatarin" or "Tadtarin",[1] is a short story written by
Filipino National Artist for Literature Nick Joaquin.[2][3] In addition to being regarded as one of
Joaquin's most acclaimed literary works, the tale is considered to be controversial.[2][3] The
story narrates a ritual performed by women to invoke the gods to grant the blessing of fertility
by dancing around a Balete tree that was already a century old. Joaquin later turned this short
story into a play entitled Tatarin: A Witches' Sabbath in Three Acts, on which a film adaptation
has been based.

19. was a Filipino author. In 1951, she was
the recipient of the first ever Palanca
Award for Short Story in Filipino, for
her short story "Kuwento ni Mabuti",
which has been cited as the most
anthologized Tagalog language short-
story

21. Lamberto E. Antonio, apart from
being one of the leading and award-
winning poets writing today in
Filipino, is an editor, translator, film
and television writer, and journalist.
At the University of the East in 1964
he met Rio Alma and together with
Rogelio Mangahas reinvented the
Filipino and literary pages of the U.E.
Dawn, and went on to carve their
names in restoring Filipino as literary
language. Like his cousin Roger, he is
addressed as Koyang (elder brother),
in the manner of Nueva Ecija
Tagalogs, by younger poets.

22. This story is about the man who was
really great, because of his work for his
family just to give them a good life.This
man is responsible. He is a good father
that I wanted to have. I think this man is
not alcoholic and he not want cigarette.
He wants only to work and his family a
simple life. And as future educator I will
share this story to my student and I will
them that finish first his study and after
that be work hard, help your parents
and your young brothers and sister
too. Be a responsible person.

24. • A Tagalog saying goes like this: “Kung di makuha sa santong
dasalan, e di kunin sa santong paspasan.” Rough English
translation: If you can’t get her by praying to all the saints, then
get her in blitzkrieg fashion.
• It is seen as the standard dual tactic used by a Pinoy macho man
to get the women he wants, where and when he wants them.
The trick, supposedly, is to do it so audaciously and fast that the
result becomes a fait accompli before anyone could object and
resist. The unspoken assumption is that the girl will like it in the
end despite all her protestations.

25. Si Fanny A. Garcia ay ipinanganak noong Pebrero 26,
1949 sa Malabon, Rizal na sa kasalukuyan ay
Malabon City na. Isa siyang guro, manunulat,
mananaliksik, editor, at tagapag- salin. Nagtapos ng
Bachelor of Science sa edukasyon sa Unibersidad ng
Pilipinas. Nakamit din niya ang kanyang Master of
Arts at Ph.D.sa Filipino sa Malikhaing Pagsulat sa
nasabing pamantasan..