The document discusses the simple tenses of verbs in English, including the present, past, and future tenses. It explains that the simple present tense expresses habitual actions, general truths, or conditions. It can take a base verb form or "s" form depending on the subject. The simple past tense expresses past actions or events, usually formed by adding "-ed" or changing spelling. Irregular verbs are also discussed. Finally, the simple future tense uses "shall" or "will" plus the base verb form or can be expressed using "be going to" or the present continuous tense with time expressions.