New York City has experienced significant changes throughout history. The Great Depression in the 1930s halted construction and many lost their homes and lived on the streets. In the 1930s, there were also race riots after a teenage boy was beaten for shoplifting, resulting in 3 deaths and hundreds injured and $2 million in damages. Robert Moses transformed New York City in the mid-20th century by building bridges, tunnels, roadways, and changing shorelines which remains controversial. Immigration influenced many American cities as ethnicities migrated to specific locations and women often worked for low wages as housewives and mothers.