Unit Number 3 - Data collection and Statistical Analysis

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Unit III: Data collection
1. Which of the following characteristic/s is/ are static?
a. Static Error
b. Lag
c. Accuracy
d. Bandwidth
2. Which of the following/s is/are the steps of sampling design?
a. Sampling unit and frames
b. Size of sample
c. Analysis of data
d. Parameters of interest
3. The effective way to increase precision is usually to select a better sampling
design which has a ____________ sampling error for a given sample size at
a given cost
a. Larger
b. Smaller
c. Medium
d. None
4. Non-sampling errors are present in
a. Sample survey
b. Pilot survey
c. Census survey
d. None
5. In which case, a census survey may provide the better results than any
sample survey?
a. If time and money are not important factors
b. If time and money are important factors
c. If the population is not so large
d. If the population is so large

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6. _____________is that sampling procedure which does not afford any basis
for estimating the probability that each item in the population has of being
included in the sample
a. Non-probability sampling
b. Probability sampling
c. Random sampling
d. None
7. Under ____________ design, every item of the universe has an equal chance
of inclusion in the sample
a. Non-probability sampling
b. Probability sampling
c. Random sampling
d. None
8. Which of the following/s is/ are probability sampling?
a. Simple random sampling
b. Stratified sampling
c. Quota sampling techniques
d. Judgment sampling
9. Which of the following/s is/ are non-probability sampling?
a. Systematic sampling
b. Quota sampling techniques
c. Simple random sampling
d. Judgment sampling
10.When population elements are selected for inclusion in the sample based on
the ease of access, it can be called ___________
a. Convenience sampling
b. Judgement sampling
c. Simple random sampling
d. Systematic sampling

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11.In _____________, the researcher’s judgement is used for selecting items
which he considers as representative of the population
a. Convenience sampling
b. Judgement sampling
c. Simple random sampling
d. Systematic sampling
12.Judgement sampling is used in
a. Qualitative research
b. Quantitative research
c. Both a and b
d. None
13._________sampling where each and every item in the population has an
equal chance of inclusion in the sample
a. Systematic sampling
b. Deliberate sampling
c. Simple random sampling
d. Stratified sampling
14.The most practical way of sampling is to select every ith item on a list is
called
a. Systematic sampling
b. Deliberate sampling
c. Simple random sampling
d. Stratified sampling
15.Quota sampling is
a. Non-probability sampling
b. Random samples
c. Judgement samples
d. Probability sampling

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16.The size of the quota for each stratum is generally _____________to the size
of that stratum in the population
a. Not proportionate
b. Proportionate
c. Largely proportionate
d. None
17.The ___________ can make the sampling procedure relatively easier and
increase the efficiency of field work, especially in the case of personal
interviews
a. Cluster sampling approach
b. Quota sampling approach
c. Area sampling approach
d. Stratified sampling approach
18.The ___________ can make the sampling procedure relatively easier and
increase the efficiency of field work, especially in the case of personal
interviews
a. Cluster sampling approach
b. Quota sampling approach
c. Area sampling approach
d. Stratified sampling approach
19.Which sampling is used for large geographical area like an entire country?
a. Area sampling
b. Quota sampling
c. Multi-stage sampling
d. Sequential sampling

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20.___________ is a sample design where the ultimate size of the sample is not
fixed in advance but is determined according to mathematical decisions on
the basis of information yielded as survey progresses
a. Area sampling
b. Quota sampling
c. Multi-stage sampling
d. Sequential sampling
21.Which of the following is/ are primary data collection methods?
a. Through questionnaires
b. Through schedules
c. Interview method
d. All
22.Which of the following method/s is/ are the observation methods?
a. Participant observation
b. Focussed interview
c. Non- participant observation
d. Clinical interview
23.Which of the following method/s is/ are the personal interview methods?
a. Participant observation
b. Focussed interview
c. Non- participant observation
d. Clinical interview
24.Under the___________, the information is sought by way of investigator’s
own direct observation without asking from the respondent
a. Observation method
b. Through questionnaires,
c. Through schedules
d. All

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25.When the observer is observing in such a manner that his presence may be
unknown to the people he is observing, such an observation is described as
___________
a. Participant observation
b. Non-Participant observation
c. Uncontrolled observation
d. Disguised observation
26.In __________, observation takes place according to definite pre-arranged
plans, involving experimental procedure.
a. Participant observation
b. Controlled observation
c. Uncontrolled observation
d. Disguised observation
27.When observation is to take place without these characteristics to be thought
of in advance, the same is termed as ______________
a. Participant observation
b. Controlled observation
c. Uncontrolled observation
d. Unstructured observation
28.Structured observation is considered appropriate in
a. Exploratory studies
b. Descriptive studies
c. Diagnostic studies
d. Experimental studies
29.In _____________, the observational procedure is most likely to be
relatively unstructured
a. Exploratory studies
b. Descriptive studies
c. Diagnostic studies
d. Experimental studies

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30.Structured interview method is used in __________ while unstructured
interview method is used in
a. Exploratory studies and Exploratory studies
b. Descriptive studies and Exploratory studies
c. Diagnostic studies and Exploratory studies
d. Exploratory studies and Experimental studies
31.___________is meant to focus attention on the given experience of the
respondent and its effects
a. Clinical interview
b. Non-directive interview
c. Focussed interview
d. Unstructured interviews
32.The ___________ is concerned with broad underlying feelings or
motivations or with the course of individual’s life experience
a. Clinical interview
b. Non-directive interview
c. Focussed interview
d. Unstructured interviews
33.In case of ____________, the interviewer’s function is simply to encourage
the respondent to talk about the given topic with a bare minimum of direct
questioning
a. Clinical interview
b. Non-directive interview
c. Focussed interview
d. Unstructured interviews
34.What is/ are the main aspects of a questionnaire:
a. General form
b. Question sequence
c. Question formulation and wording
d. All

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35.The general form of a questionnaire is
a. Structured questionnaire
b. Directive questionnaire
c. Non-directive questionnaire
d. Unstructured questionnaire
36.The form of the question in structured questionnaire may be
a. Closed
b. Open
c. constructed during questioning
d. None
37.Good questionnaire should be
a. Short and simple
b. In logical sequence
c. Dichotomous
d. All
38._____________are usually postal sized cards which are used by dealers of
consumer durables to collect information regarding their products
a. Warranty cards
b. Distributor audits
c. Pantry audits
d. Consumer panels
39._____________ are performed by distributors as well as manufactures
through their salesmen at regular intervals
a. Warranty cards
b. Distributor audits
c. Pantry audits
d. Store audit

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40._____________ technique is used to estimate consumption of the basket of
goods at the consumer level
a. Warranty cards
b. Distributor audits
c. Pantry audits
d. Store audit
41.An extension of the pantry audit approach on a regular basis is known as
a. Warranty cards
b. Distributor audits
c. Consumer panel
d. Store audit
42.Consumer panel is used in
a. Consumer expenditure
b. Finding out what types of consumers buy certain products and certain
brands
c. Public opinion and radio and TV listenership among others
d. All
43.Consumer panel is used in
a. Consumer expenditure
b. Finding out what types of consumers buy certain products and certain
brands
c. Public opinion and radio and TV listenership among others
d. All
44._____________is set up to measure the effect of a particular phenomenon
while __________ is often set up for an indefinite period with a view to
collect data on a particular aspect of consumer behaviour over t.ime
a. Transitory consumer panel and Continuing consumer panel
b. Continuing consumer panel and Transitory consumer panel
c. Continuing consumer panel and Continuing consumer panel
d. Transitory consumer panel and Transitory consumer panel

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45.Projective techniques play an important role in
a. Motivational researches
b. Attitude surveys
c. Both
d. None
46.Which of the following test/s is/ are projective techniques?
a. Word association tests
b. Sentence completion tests
c. Story completion tests
d. Verbal projection tests
47.Which of the following test/s is/ are pictorial techniques?
a. Rosenzweig test
b. Rorschach test
c. Holtzman Inkblot Test
d. All
48.Depth interview may be ____________ interview
a. Projective
b. Clinical interview
c. Non-directive interview
d. Non-projective
49.Which of the following characteristic/s secondary data possess ?
a. Reliability of data
b. Suitability of data
c. Adequacy of data
d. All

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50.Which of the following is/ are not the basic concept/s related to the
hypothesis?
a. Type-I and Type-II errors
b. Two-tailed
c. One-tailed tests
d. Type-III errors
51.____________is usually the one which one wishes to prove while
_____________ is the one which one wishes to disprove
a. Alternative hypothesis and Null hypothesis
b. Null hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis
c. Null hypothesis and Null hypothesis
d. Alternative hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis
52.Level of significance is the probability of
a. Type-II error
b. Type-I error
c. Type-III error
d. Type-IV error
53.Type-I error
a. Reject H0 when H0 is false
b. Accept H0 when H0 is true
c. Reject H0 when H0 is true
d. Accept H0 when H0 is false
54.Type-II error
a. Reject H0 when H0 is false
b. Accept H0 when H0 is true
c. Reject H0 when H0 is true
d. Accept H0 when H0 is false

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55._________ have ≠ sign in alternative hypothesis
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. None
56._________ have < sign in alternative hypothesis
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. None
57._________ have > sign in alternative hypothesis
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. None
58.The various steps involved in hypothesis testing are stated below:
a. Setting up the hypothesis
b. Selecting a significance level
c. Test Statistics
d. All
59.The factors that affect the level of significance is/ are
a. Whether the hypothesis is directional
b. Whether the hypothesis is non-directional
c. Whether the hypothesis is null
d. None

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60.Critical value is obtained using
a. Distribution of test statistic
b. Level of significance
c. Critical value
d. Type of test
61.Value of test statistic < lower critical value or value of test statistic > upper
critical value in case of
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. One-tailed test
62.Value of test statistic > critical value in case of
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. One-tailed test
63.Value of test statistic < critical value in case of
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. One-tailed test
64.______________test H0: μ= μ0 Against H1: μ ≠ μ0
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. One-tailed test

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65.______________test H0: μ= μ0 Against H1: μ < μ0
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. One-tailed test
66.______________test H0: μ= μ0 Against H1: μ > μ0
a. Two-tailed test
b. Right-tailed test
c. Left-tailed test
d. One-tailed test
67.Measures of central tendency is/ are
a. Mean
b. Range
c. Mode
d. Median
68.For which set the mean as well as median is 5
a. 5, 5, 5, 5, 5
b. 1, 3, 6, 7, 9
c. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
d. 1, 3, 4, 7, 9
69.What is median value for 60, 74, 80, 90, 95, 100?
a. 80
b. 90
c. 88
d. 85
70.What is median value for 60, 74, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100?
a. 80
b. 90
c. 88
d. 85

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71.What is the mode of the data: 000, 000, 111, 111, 111, 111, 111, 111, 222,
222, 222, 333, 55
a. 000
b. 111
c. 222
d. 333
72.What is the mode of the data: 000, 000, 111, 111, 111, 222, 222, 222, 333,
55
a. 111
b. 111 and 222
c. 222
d. None
73.Measures of dispersion is/ are
a. Mean
b. Range
c. Mean deviation
d. Standard deviation
74.Range = _________________________
a. Highest value of an item in a series - Lowest value of an item in a
series
b. Lowest value of an item in a series - Highest value of an item in a
series
c. Highest value of an item in a series - median value of an item in a
series
d. Median value of an item in a series – lowest value of an item in a
series
75. What is the range of {4, 6, 9, 3, 7}?
a. 3
b. 6
c. 9
d. 4

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76.In case of_________, mode < median < mean
a. Positive skewness
b. Negative skewness
c. Symmetric
d. None
77.In case of_________, mean < median < mode
a. Positive skewness
b. Negative skewness
c. Symmetric
d. None
78.When the curve is stretched __________side more then we have
_________skewness
a. Right and negative
b. Right and positive
c. Left and positive
d. None
79.When the curve is stretched __________side more then we have
_________skewness
a. Right and negative
b. Left and positive
c. Left and negative
d. None
80.In case of bivariate population, Correlation can be studied through
a. Covariance
b. Karl Spearman’s coefficient of correlation
c. Rank Correlation
d. Coefficient of multiple correlation

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81.In case of multivariate population: Correlation can be studied through
a. Coefficient of multiple correlation
b. Karl Spearman’s coefficient of correlation
c. Rank Correlation
d. Coefficient of partial correlation
82._________is a useful graphical representation to have some approximate
idea of relationship between two variables
a. Bar plot
b. Scatter plot
c. Histogram plot
d. None
83.In ______________________, two variables changes values in the opposite
direction
a. Negative correlation
b. Positive correlation
c. No correlation
d. None
84.In ______________________, two variables changes values in the same
direction
a. Negative correlation
b. Positive correlation
c. No correlation
d. None
85.What is/ are not the properties of covarience?
a. Cov(X+a, Y+ b) = Cov(X, Y)
b. Cov(aX, bY) = ab Cov(X, Y)
c. Cov(X+a, Y+ b) = (a+b)Cov(X, Y)
d. Covariance can take any values from minus infinity to plus infinity

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86.Karl Spearman’s coefficient of correlation takes the value
a. 1
b. 0
c. -1
d. Infinity
87.Which of the following method/s is/ are not used for Testing Hypothesis
about the Slope and Correlation Coefficient?
a. t-Test for the Slope
b. F-Test ANOVA
c. Test for Correlation Coefficient
d. z-Test
88.Which of the following method/s is/ are used for linear regression analysis?
a. Coefficient of Determination
b. Standard Error
c. Assumptions or Conditions Required
d. All
89.Types of estimates is/ are
a. Point estimate
b. Interval estimate
c. Both
d. None
90.Which of the following is/ are not multivariate techniques?
a. Multivariate Anova
b. Latent Structure Analysis
c. Standard Error
d. Multiple Discriminant Analysis

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91.Factor analysis is by far the most often used _________technique of
research studies
a. Multivariate
b. Univariate
c. Bivariate
d. None
92.Factor analysis is specially pertaining to
a. Social Science
b. Behavioural sciences
c. Technology
d. None
93._________technique is appropriate when the researcher has a single, metric
criterion variable, which is supposed to be a function of other explanatory
variables
a. Discriminant analysis
b. Multiple discriminant analysis
c. Linear discriminant analysis
d. None
94.The dependent variable is classified in more than two groups, then we use
the name
a. Discriminant analysis
b. Multiple discriminant analysis
c. Linear discriminant analysis
d. None
95.Which of the following tool/tools is/ are for analysis?
a. GenMyModel
b. Matlab
c. Rapidminer
d. Gliffy

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96.Which of the following tool/tools is/ are for simulation?
a. GenMyModel
b. Matlab
c. Rapidminer
d. Gliffy
97.Which of the following tool/tools is/ are for modelling?
a. GenMyModel
b. Matlab
c. Rapidminer
d. Gliffy
98.Draw.io is tool for
a. Modelling
b. Simulation
c. Analysis
d. None
99.R-programming is tool for
a. Modeling
b. Simulation
c. Analysis
d. None
100. ANYLOGIC is tool for
a. Modeling
b. Simulation
c. Analysis
d. None