Unit b plants for food & fibre

1. Unit B: Plants for
Food & Fibre

2. Parts of a Plant

3. Parts of a Plant
• Flowers
o flower usually has both male and female parts for reproduction
o Bright petals attract insects
• Leaves
o produce food for the plant
o take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen
o allow water to exit the plant

4. Parts of a Plant
• Seeds
o contain an embryo that will form a new plant
o contain a food supply for the embryo
• Cones
o there are separate male and female cones for reproduction

5. Parts of a Plant
• Stems
o provide a pathway for movement of water and food
o support the leaves and reproductive structures
o made of two important tissues:
• 1. Xylem - is used to transport water from the roots to the leaves
• 2. Phloem - transports sugar from the leaves down to the roots
• Roots
o absorb water and dissolved nutrients
o anchor the plant in the soil

6. Seeds
• There are a large number of plants that make seeds.
• Wheat is a seed we eat.
• Dandelion have seeds we play

7. Seeds
• Flowers have seeds.
• So do apples, they grow into apple trees

8. Seeds
• Pine trees have cones
• Cones are also seeds

9. Seed Dispersal Video

10. Plant Processes

11. Transpiration
• Transpiration: is the evaporation of
water from a ​plant, mostly the leaves.
Water particles evaporate from the
surface of the leaves and other water
moves ​up through the plant to take its
place.

12. Capillary Action
• Capillary action: helps to move water
up the tubes ​in the stem of a plant. Like
in a straw water ​molecules are attracted
to the sides of the tube and can ​form a
meniscus. This helps the plant suck up
the ​water like you would use a straw to
suck up a milk ​shake.

13. Diffusion
• Diffusion: is the ​movement of ​particles
from an ​area of high ​concentration to ​an
area of lower ​concentration. Like the
smell of a ​match or a drop of ​perfume.

14. Osmosis
• Osmosis:
o Osmosis is a process where water is moved
into the ​cells of a living organism. If the
concentration of water is greater outside the
cell water will move into the cell to ​make it
equal.
o Osmosis is a form of diffusion with a little
bit extra.
o Osmosis also involves a selectively or semi-
permeable ​membrane.

15. Osmosis
• Semi-permeable membrane:
o It is a ​membrane ​(wall or barrier) ​that will
only ​allow some ​things to pass ​through it,
and ​only at certain ​times.

16. Active vs Passive Transport
• Active Transport
o needs energy because particles ​are moving up, going against gravity! The
farther they ​go, the more energy is required.
o Example: Capillary Action
• Passive Transport
o no energy is required.
o Examples: Diffusion and Osmosis!

17. Photosynthesis
&
Cellular Respiration

18. Photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis
o is a complex reaction. Using energy from the sun, a
plant can transform carbon dioxide and water into
glucose (sugar/food) and oxygen
o Equation:

19. Photosynthesis
• Leaves are the main parts that perform
photosynthesis. Plant cells have small parts that
are called chloroplasts. These chloroplasts have a
green pigment called chlorophyll that helps
capture the sunlight.
• Chloroplasts: part of a plant cell where
photosynthesis happens
• Chlorophyll: green pigment that helps capture
the sunlight.

20. Photosynthesis
• The plant cell is surrounded by a
membrane that has pores, or tiny
openings. Particles of some substances
are able to move in and out of a cell
through these pores. The cell
membrane acts as a filter, keeping
some substances inside the cell and
allowing some substances to move in
and out of the cell. Many processes
take place to move substances in and
out of plant cells.

21. Cellular Respiration
• Cellular Respiration
o Cellular Respiration is a process in which an ​organism
combines glucose (food) with oxygen to ​create energy
and expelling carbon dioxide and water ​as waste. It is
the exact opposite of photosynthesis.
o Equation:

22. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
• Gas Exchange
o is the process of these
gases entering and
leaving the plant.

24. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
• Producers vs. Consumers
o Plants are producers because they make their
own ​food or energy from sun light
through ​Photosynthesis.
o Most other organisms are consumers. Consumers ​need
to eat something else to get energy and most of ​them
use the process of Cellular Respiration.
o Plants also use the process of cellular respiration to
use the ​glucose (food) they have made
through ​Photosynthesis.

25. Plant Reproduction