Unit 6 vocabulary for grade 8 american G8.pptx
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voluntary control?
Graded or
discrete?
Good for
expressing
emotion?
Displacement?
Referential? (i.e.
can refer to things
in the outside
world)
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Property Gesture Calls Language
Under our
voluntary control?
Not easily
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More easily
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Graded or
discrete?
More graded More discrete
Good for
expressing
emotion?
Shows emotions
clearly
Emotions can be
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Displacement? No (expresses
immediate state)
Yes
Can refer to things
in the outside
world? (referential)
No (reveals the
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Yes (e.g. we can
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Emotional/
Graded
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Does this sound like you? Great ideas and words, but don’t know what word form fits. Is it affect, effective, or effective...hmm... interaction, interactive, or interact...
You’ve studied conditionals, complex sentences, clauses, you might even be writing long essays and reports… but word form errors keep creeping up.
Should it be a noun, adjective, adverb or verb?
Let’s face it, you haven’t really studied parts of speech. This is probably why after so many years you’re still struggling.
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• 8 comprehensive error correction assignments targeting
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Communicating without words
Types of human communication
Humans communicate in many ways
Verbal communication is one form, which includes
speech and sign languages
Nonverbal communication incorporates a wide range
of other ways in which we communicate
Many different approaches for categorizing and
describing nonverbal communication
Burling (2005: 46): Varieties of Human
Communication
Visible Audible
Emotional/
Graded
Nonverbal
A: Mammalian Gesture-call System
B:
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Gesticulation Intonation,
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Vocalizations
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Language
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types of communication listed are nonverbal. We will discuss
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a: Referential means the ability to refer to things in the outside world, rather than just revealing internal
states.
A: Mammalian: Gesture Calls
One type of nonverbal communication Burling refers
to as Mammalian, or Gesture Calls
These are signals that are shared by all humans,
such as laughing, smiling, scowling and sobbing.
These resemble animal calls in that they are innate,
not learned, and found across the species.
We could identify the meanings of these forms of
communication across different cultures, although
there may be different cultural rules governing when
these gesture calls may be used.
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Gesture calls can be either visual or auditory, and
often combine both a visual and an auditory
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there would be accompanying sounds.
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Property Gesture Calls Language
Under our
voluntary control?
Graded or
discrete?
Good for
expressing
emotion?
Displacement?
Referential? (i.e.
can refer to things
in the outside
world)
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Did your answers look like this?
Property Gesture Calls Language
Under our
voluntary control?
Not easily
controlled
More easily
controlled
Graded or
discrete?
More graded More discrete
Good for
expressing
emotion?
Shows emotions
clearly
Emotions can be
hidden
Displacement? No (expresses
immediate state)
Yes
Can refer to things
in the outside
world? (referential)
No (reveals the
internal state of the
sender)
Yes (e.g. we can
refer to things such
as “the squirrel in
the yard”)
B: Paralanguage (Burling)
Visible Audible
Emotional/
Graded
Nonverbal
A: Mammalian Gesture-call System
B:
Paralinguistic
Gesticulation Intonation,
Tone of voice
Referentiala/
Discrete
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The document provides an overview of rhetorical devices used in speech writing such as parallelism, antithesis, anaphora, and parenthesis. It analyzes speeches by Winston Churchill, Martin Luther King Jr., and Barack Obama, identifying their use of techniques like pronouns, modal verbs, repetition, and metaphor to make their arguments persuasive. Students are then asked to write a speech using rhetorical devices and comment on their own writing.
gggg
This document discusses context clues, which are hints an author provides to help define difficult or unusual words. There are four main types of context clues: definition/explanation, restatement/synonym, contrast/antonym, and inference/general context. Examples are provided to illustrate each type of context clue. The document concludes by providing an example for readers to practice identifying context clues through inference. Overall, the document serves to explain the different types of context clues authors use and how readers can use context to determine the meaning of unknown words.
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- 1. Objectives: By the end of this unit, I’ll be able to: 1- identify the new vocabulary words 2- use context clues to find the meanings of the words. 3- Draw a word web for each vocabulary word 3- use the new vocabulary words in meaningful sentences correctly.
- 2. She was not abashed at being caught. He was the watcher, aloof from the passions around him while others lived it. He was in a state of mental anguish. Some people find it difficult to articulate their feelings. The seals came ashore to breed and to bask.
- 3. Abashed: embarrassed, disconcerted, or ashamed. Part of speech (adj)
- 4. Aloof: withdrawn, standing apart from others by choice Part of speech (adj)
- 5. Anguish: great mental suffering, distress, or pain Part of speech (N)
- 6. Articulate: to pronounce distinctly; to express well in words; to fit together into a system Part of speech (V)
- 7. Bask: to be in, or expose oneself to, pleasant warmth; to take pleasure in or derive enjoyment from Part of speech (V)
- 9. A defect in this system may cause fluid retention and hypertension. Her lack of finesse at court let her down. She liked to flaunt her wealth by wearing furs and jewelry. He replied in a very forthright manner. His genial disposition made him quite popular.
- 10. Defect: an imperfection, flaw, or blemish of some kind Part of speech (N)
- 11. Finesse: delicate skill; tact and cleverness Part of speech (N)
- 12. Genial: cordial, pleasantly cheerful or warm Part of speech (adj)
- 13. Flaunt: to wave or flutter showily; to display in a conceited, offensive way Part of speech (V)
- 14. Forthright: frank, direct, straightforward Part of speech (adj)
- 17. Objectives: By the end of this unit, I’ll be able to: 1- identify the new vocabulary words 2- use context clues to find the meanings of the words. 3- Draw a word web for each vocabulary word 3- use the new vocabulary words in meaningful sentences correctly.
- 18. We need to keep the same mentality and instill the same discipline. She was ostracized from the scientific community for many years because of her radical political beliefs. He had a premonition that this would be their last meeting. I wrote under the pseudonym of Evelyn Hervey. Something badly needed to be done to purge the country of its weapons.
- 19. Instill: to add gradually; to introduce or cause to be taken in Part of speech (V)
- 20. Ostracize: to exclude from a group, banish, send away Part of speech (V)
- 21. Premonition: forewarning or foreboding of a future event Part of speech (N)
- 22. Pseudonym: a pen name, name assumed by a writer Part of speech (N)
- 23. Purge: to wash away impurities, clean up Part of speech (V)
- 24. The charity works to rehabilitate drug addicts. Any decrease in tourism could have serious repercussions for the local economy. It is important to be firm, resolute and committed to get through the first stage. He had a highly retentive memory and was an accomplished speaker. When there is a problem, there always is a scapegoat to blame.
- 25. Rehabilitate: to make over in good form; to restore to good condition or to a former position Part of speech (V)
- 26. Repercussion: an effect or consequence of some action or event, result; an echo or reverberation Part of speech (N)
- 27. Resolute: bold, determined; firm Part of speech (adj)
- 28. Retentive: able to hold, keep, or recall; retaining knowledge easily Part of speech (adj)
- 29. Scapegoat: a person or thing carrying the blame for others Part of speech (N)