Grammar lesson. Open Mind 2. Unit 2

1. StudentsStudents
Gabriela BolañosGabriela Bolaños
Diana FigueroaDiana Figueroa
Cinthya CandoCinthya Cando
Brigitte BermeoBrigitte Bermeo
EstefaniaEstefania
ENGLISH III
Unit 2

2. ComparativesComparatives
Comparatives are used to show the difference
between two objects.
The ant is smaller than the hippo.

3. COMPARATIVE WITHCOMPARATIVE WITH
AS.... AS/ NOT AS.... ASAS.... AS/ NOT AS.... AS
When comparing the attributes of two things, we use a
standard set of constructions.
WHEN ATTRIBUTES ARE EQUAL
Comparing equal attributes is simple. To compare the
attributes of two things that are equal, we use the pattern:
as + adjective describing the attribute + as
EXAMPLES
•Tom is as tall as his brother.
•I am as hungry as you are.
•Sally is as nice as Jane.

4. WHEN ATTRIBUTES ARE NOT EQUAL
When the two attributes are not equal, the construction with
equivalent meanings.
Either use the pattern:
not as + adjective describing the attribute + as
EXAMPLES
•Mont Blanc is not as high as Mount Everest.
•Norway is not as sunny as Thailand.
•Terry is not as small as Tom

5. ExerciseExercise
• The blue car is ________________ the red car. (fast)
• Peter is ________________ Fred. (not/tall)
• The violin is _______________ the cello. (not/low)
• This copy is _______________ the other one. (bad)
• Today it's _________________
yesterday. (not/windy)
• Oliver is __________________ Peter. (optimistic)
• Grapefruit juice is __________________
lemonade. (not/sweet)

6. SuperlativesSuperlatives
Superlatives are used to show the
difference between more than two objects.
Let’s say that I have three cars. I have a
little Toyota, a medium size Jeep and a big
Ford. A superlative is used to show the
differences that exist in the group. The
Ford is big so we can say “the Ford is the
biggest”. Because the Toyota is small, we
can say “The Toyota is the smallest”.

7. The ant is the smallest.The ant is the smallest.
• Rule 1. If an adjective
has 1 syllable we add
the ending –est to the
adjective.
small + est = the smallest
hard + est = the hardest

8. The hippo is the fattest.The hippo is the fattest.
• Rule 2. If a one syllable
adjective ends with a
consonant + a vowel + a
consonant you must
double the last consonant
and ad –est.
big + est = the biggest
fat + est = the fattest

9. The elephant is the heaviest.The elephant is the heaviest.
• Rule 3. If an adjective
ends with a “y”, remove
the “y” and add –iest.
happy –y + iest = the
happiest
funny –y + iest = the
funniest

10. The airplane is theThe airplane is the
most expensive.most expensive.
• Rule 4. If an adjective
has two syllables or more
without a “y” then add the
word “most” before the
word. If the adjective
ends with a “y”, you will
only add the word “most”
if it has three syllables or
more.
beautiful + most = the
most beautiful
expensive + most = the
most expensive
satisfactory + most = the
most satisfactory

11. • Rule 5. There are a few exceptions.
Adjective Superlative
GOOD BEST
BAD WORST
FAR FARTHEST
LITTLE LEAST
MUCH MOST

12. • My mum is the ________________ (good) cook in
the world.
• My house is the _______________ (large) one in our
neighborhood.
• This is the ________________ (small) box I've ever
seen.
• Today is the _____________ (bad) day I've had in a
long time.
• This is the ______________ (little) expensive sweater
in the store.
• I ran pretty far yesterday, but I ran even
_____________ (far) today.
ExerciseExercise