1. Unit 11 Grammar Notes
Part 5, Page 179

2. If the reporting verb is in
the simple past, the verb
in the noun clause often
changes.

3. 5.
Explanation Example(s)
imperative 
infinitive
The teacher said,
“Open your
books.”

The teacher told
us to open our
books

4. 5.
Explanation Example(s)
simple present 
simple past
Bill said, “I invest
in the stock
market.”

Bill said (that) he
invested in the
stock market.

5. 5.
Explanation Example(s)
present
progressive 
past progressive
Mary asked John,
“Are you studying
political science?”

Mary asked John if
he was studying
political science.

6. 5.
Explanation Example(s)
simple past  past
perfect
“Priscilla prepared a
delicious meal,”
Mark said

Mark said that
Priscilla (that) had
prepared a delicious
meal.

7. 5.
Explanation Example(s)
present perfect 
past perfect
“Sam, have you ever
eaten at that
restaurant?” Jack
asked.

Jack asked Sam if he
had ever eaten at
that restaurant.