This document discusses different types of data structures, dividing them into linear and non-linear categories. Linear data structures like arrays, stacks, queues, and linked lists store data in a sequential order, with each element directly accessing the next one. Non-linear structures like trees and graphs allow elements to connect to multiple other elements, and cannot be traversed in a single pass. Key differences are that linear structures arrange data sequentially while non-linear do not, and linear can be traversed in one run while non-linear cannot. Examples of each type are provided.