Unilever Project

Unilever Project
Contents Section 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction to the topic 3 1.2 Introduction to UNILEVER 4
1.3 Project objectives 5 1.4 Research Questions 5 1.5 Research approach 6 Section 2 Information
Gathering 7 2.1 Sources used and reasons 7 2.2 Description of method used to collect information 8
2.3 Limitation of gathering information 9 2.4 Ethical Issues 9 2.5 Ratio Analysis 10 2.5(a)
Limitation of ratio analysis 11 2.6 SWOT analysis 13 2.6(a) Limitations of SWOT analysis 13 2.7
PEST analysis 13 2.7(a) Limitations of PEST analysis 13 Section 3 Business Performance Analysis
15 Polyester 15 Soda Ash 16 3.1 Major Developments 19 3.2 Competitive Position of UNILEVER.
20 3.3 Future Outlook 20 Section ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Secondly, Unilever N.V is a public limited company it is registered in Neitherland and its securities
are listed on Euronext Amsterdam and New York Stock Exchange. These two parent companies,
together with their group companies, operate as a single economic entity referred as Unilever Group
for reporting purposes and present their consolidated financial statements. Unilever is operating in
170 countries around the world and it has a big portfolio of more than 400 brands. 1Unilever Annual
Report and Accounts 2009 1.3 Project objectives My research and analysis project aims at the
following objectives; * Overview of Unilever Group, its business operations and environment as a
whole. * Financial performance analysis of Unilever Group in terms of profitability and return on
capital employed, long–term solvency and liquidity, management efficiency, short–term solvency
and liquidity, return on investment/EPS and stability with of prospective of different group of users
of financial information. * Most oblivious risks facing the Unilever, their impact on the performance
and the strategies put in place to deal with them. * SWOT analysis that involves analysing the
strengths and weaknesses of the business and comparing them with opportunities and threats in the
environment. * PESTLE analysis to view and analyse the
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Sony Corporation And Its Impact On The World
Sony Corporation was founded on the 7th of May 1946 in Tokyo, Japan as a joint stock company
under Japanese law. To start it, the founders incurred a cost of 190,000 yen. The co–founder of Sony
Corporation in May 1946 was Masaru Ibuka. The other co–founder who founded the Sony
Corporation in America iin160 was called Akio Morita. When established Sony Corporation was
named Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha but later in January 1958 the name was changed to
Sony Kabushiki Kaisha which means Sony Corporation in English. Sony Corporation entered the
list of the Tokyo stock exchange in December 1958. (Cooper, 1995) Sony TR–72 which was a
transistor radio was released in December. In 1960 the TV8–301, the first direct television ever in
the world, was introduced. In June 1961, it distributed American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs") all
though the United States of America. N 1962 the smallest and lightest TV was introduced. In March
1968, Sony established CBS/ the Sony records inc. in Japan, which is currently known as Sony
Music Entertainment (Japan) Inc. ("SMEJ"). It was set up as a company whereby there is 50–50
joint venture between the Sony Corporation and CBS Inc. in USA. SMEJ became a Sony
corporation's wholly–owned subsidiary in January 1988. In November 1991, Sony music
entertainment Japan was listed on the 2nd section of TSE (Robert, 2014) In September of 1970, the
Sony Corporation was in the New York stock exchange. In august of 1979, Sony founded the Sony

What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Adr
This instrument permits the foreign investor to access non–US market tor investment thereby
insulating him from exchange risk, as an ADR is denominated in dollars and dividends are also paid
in dollars.
ADRs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange or Over the Counter Exchange in the USA.
ADR's attract a much wider investor base than the GDRs, since –pensions funds and individual
investors are permitted to invest in them
The size of the ADR issue can be expanded or contracted according to demand as depository banks
can issue or withdraw corresponding shares in the local market. GDR is a one time issue and can be
contracted in stze only if Investors decide to redeem.
ADR issue is more expensive than a GDR issue.
ADR issue requires ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They save money by reducing administration costs and avoiding foreign taxes on each transaction.
 Diversification – Investor gains the potential to capitalize on emerging economies by investing in
different countries.
 More US exposure – Foreign entities favour ADRs because they get more US exposure, allowing
them to tap into the wealthy North American equity markets
INFOSYS Technologies Ltd was the first Indian company to issue ADRs.
LIST OF ADRs ISSUED BY INDIAN COMPANIES
1. Global Depository Receipts (GDR)
A Global Depository Receipt (GDR) is a dollar denominated instrument tradable on the stock
exchanges in Europe or USA. It is issued by one country's bank as negotiable certificate and is
traded on the stock exchange of another country against a certain number of shares held in its
custody. It is denominated in some freely convertible currency .The concept of GDR, original to the
developed countries, now has gained popularity even in developing countries like

Intern Essay
HSBC– we are the world's local bank
The Business/Organization
The HSBC Group is named after its founding member, The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking
Corporation Limited, which was established in 1865 to finance the growing trade between Europe,
India and China. The inspiration behind the founding of the bank was Thomas Sutherland, a Scot
who was then working for the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company. He realized that
there was considerable demand for local banking facilities in Hong Kong and on the China coast and
he helped to establish the bank which opened in Hong Kong in March 1865 and in Shanghai a
month later.
Soon after its formation the bank opened agencies and branches around the world. Although that
network reached ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Through an international network linked by advanced technology, including a rapidly growing e–
commerce capability, HSBC provides a comprehensive range of financial services: personal
financial services; commercial banking; corporate, investment banking and markets; private
banking; and other activities.
HSBC conducts business in a wide variety of social and business cultures and in a broad range of
political environments. As a commercial organization, the governing objective is to provide a
satisfactory return on their shareholders¡¦ capital. HSBC does this by having a talented and
motivated staff who offer their customers competitive services and products. They meet their
financial obligations, invest to develop their business for the future; and investments are made
primarily on a financial basis, but with regard to the principles and values set by the company.
HSBC has always striven to maintain the highest ethical standards. HSBC articulates their
commitment through the Statement of Business Principles and Values and their support for the UN
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN Global Compact and the Global Sullivan
Principles. HSBC¡¦s policy is not to make contributions to political parties or partisan organizations.
HSBC works co–operatively with host governments and regulators while remaining politically
neutral in all jurisdictions.
The HSBC Group is committed to five Core Business Principles through loyal and committed
employees

Payment System
BANCO DE GUATEMALA
PAYMENT SYSTEM OF GUATEMALA: EVALUATION AND MODERNIZATION PROPOSAL
Guatemala, October 2004
I N D EX
INTRODUCTION............................................................................. I.
1
CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF A PAYMENT
SYSTEM....................................................................................... 2
1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4 1.4.5 2. 2.1 2.2 3. 3.1 3.2 4. 5. 6. 7.
Generalities.........................................................................
Definition...............................................................................
Importance............................................................................ Characteristics
...................................................................... Components of a modern payment
system............................ Real Time Gross Settlement Systems –LBTR– ................... Banking
Clearing Houses ......................................... Automated Clearing Houses –ACHs– ......................
Cross–border ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also the current operation of the Guatemalan payment system is described, emphasizing the
operational and legal aspects, in national and foreign currency, as well as in the settlement of
security titles; in inter–bank transfers and of the public sector. Later, regarding the international
experience in matters of payment systems, there appears a description of cases such as Chile,
Mexico, Costa Rica and Colombia, which are in the process of modernizing their payment systems,
and for the effect, the structure, payment instruments and achievement of reform projects in said
countries is mentioned. Finally, taking as a reference the vision of a modern payment system and the
experience of other central banks regarding the implementation of real time gross settlement
systems, the integral modernization strategy of the country's payment system is described; therefore,
the present document includes a modernization matrix of said system, which contains the activities
to be carried out, which are contracted to the strengthening of the normative frame of the payment
system, to the implementation and modernization of the payment system and to the institutional
cooperation that said modernization requires.
The Payment System of Guatemala: Evaluation and modernization proposal

I. CONCEPTUAL AND PHILOSPHICAL ASPECTS OF A PAYMENT SYSTEM
c) 1.1
1.
Generalities
Definition The Bank of International Settlements

Gdrs & Fccbs
Contents Global Depository Receipts 2 Introduction 2 What is an American Depository Receipt? 3
Mechanism 3 Types of ADRs/GDRs 5 1. Unsponsored ADRs/GDRs: 5 2. Sponsored DRs: 5 Why
ADRs and GDRs? 6 To the Investors 6 To the Issuers 6 FCCB–Foreign Currency Convertible Bonds
7 Introduction 7 Explanation 7 Features of FCCB 8 Mexhanism/Regulations 8 Criteria for issuing
FCCBs 8 Raising of funds through FCCB 9 What happens if FCCBs do not convert? 11 Taxation 11
Pricing norms for FCCBs 12 FCCB issue by the Indian Companies need to conform to various
regulatory requirements 12 Role of SEBI – Pre–issue and Post–issue requirements &
Conditions to be fulfilled by the Issuer Company: 13 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Types of ADRs/GDRs
ADRs can be classified into two broad categories: 1. Unsponsored ADRs/GDRs: In such DRs, the
company (RIL in our case) has got no agreement with the custodian or depository bank for the
issuance of DRs. These are traded on the over–the–counter (OTC) market and are issued according
to the market demand forces.
Unsponsored DRs can be issued by a no. of depository banks. Each depository services only the
DRs issued by it.
2. Sponsored DRs: These are the DRs which are sponsored by the company itself. In this case, the
foreign company itself wants to issue DRs and it does so by designating a depository bank that will
issue DRs in the foreign market on its behalf. It is of the following types:
a) Level 1 Sponsored DRs: These are the lowest level of sponsored DRs. These are traded only on
the OTC market. In case of ADRs, the company is supposed to adhere to minimal US Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) requirements and is not required to publish reports in accordance to
US GAAP standards.
b) Level 2 Sponsored DRs: In level 2 DRs, the DRs are listed on a recognized stock exchange and
can be traded thereafter. The stock exchanges in which these DRs are usually traded are New York
Stock Exchange (NYSE), NASDAQ, the American

Employee Remuneration
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
1. MEANING OF WAGE/ COMPENSATION PAYMENT: Wage is a monetary payment made by
the employer to his employee for the work done or services rendered. It is a monetary compensation
for the services rendered [1]. A worker may be paid Rs. 100 per day or Rs. 4500 per month. This is
wage payment. The worker gives his services and takes payment called wage payment. Industrial
workers are paid remuneration for their services in terms of money called wage payment. Wages are
usually paid in cash at the end of one day, one month or one week. Money wage is the monetary
compensation or price paid by the employer to his employee for the services rendered. Such
compensation is also called wage or salary or reward ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is due to poverty, rising prices, mass unemployment and rising population. Wage payment
indeed a vexatious problem and needs to be tackled from economic, social and humanistic angles.
1.2 CONCEPT OF FAIR WAGES:
Fair wages is the wage which is above the minimum wage but below the living wage. Obviously the
lower limit of the fair wage is the minimum wage and the upper limit is set by the ability of the
industry to pay. Between these two limits, fair wages should depend on the factors like – 1.
Prevailing rates of wages in the same occupation 2. Prevailing rates of wages in the same region or
neighbouring areas 3. Employers ability to pay 4. Level of national income and its distribution 5.
Productivity of labour 6. Status enjoyed by the industry in the economy
Hence it can be said that fair wages are determined on industry cum region basis. When fair wages
are paid employees enjoy higher standard of living. It is accepted fact that wages must be fair and
reasonable. Wages is fair when the employee is able to meet its essential needs and enjoy reasonable
standard of living. "Equal pay for equal work" serves as base of fair wage [4].
1.3 FACTORS INFLUENCING WAGE AND SALARY STRUCTURE [5] The organization's
ability to pay:
Wage increases should be given by those organizations which can afford them. Companies that have
good sales and therefore high profits tend to pay higher wages than those which are

Dow Jones Industrial Average And Nasdaq
The Dow Jones Industrial Average and NASDAQ are both significant economic indicators. The
Dow Jones was created by Charles Dow in 1896. "The Dow" is a price–weighted average of 30
significant stocks, most of which are traded on the New York Stock exchange. The NASDAQ is the
National Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotation System. It is the first and largest
electronic stock exchange in the world, consisting of more than 4000 stocks. Both the Dow Jones
Industrial Average and NASDAQ are significant gauges of the current state of the economy.
However, the NASDAQ is much larger and includes more than 4000 companies, while the Dow
Jones only includes 30 companies. All of the NASDAQ stocks are also traded on the NASDAQ
exchange, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The index also includes a broad range of companies, which allows people to receive a good idea on
the general condition and direction of the stock market. This economic indicator is also a good tool
for comparing the current market to markets in the past because it has been around for many years.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average is also a good predictor of the stock market. The Dow also has an
added significance because of the importance to investors; Many investors use the Dow as a model
for investment products. The physiological importance that the Dow holds also increases its
significance greatly. The Dow is one of the highlights in financial news and even people not
involved in the stock market have heard of it. The importance of the Dow in financial news has a
great influence over many people. The NASDAQ also holds a lot of significance as an economic
indicator. The main significance of the NASDAQ composite index is that it is a representation of the
stocks that are traded on the NASDAQ stock exchange. There is no other exchange that has its own
popular index. This index is also very important because of it represents a large portion of tech and
innovative companies. The NASDAQ is a good indicator of how the tech segments of the market are
doing. The NASDAQ composite index is also the NASDAQ's main and longest–running index. The
physiological importance held by this indicator is also very significant because of how people base
the state of the

Importance Of Depository Receipt Is A Negotiable...
INTRODUCTION
The past few decades have witnessed the increased internationalization of various firms through
cross– listings on international exchanges. This has been facilitated by market liberalisation, which
has led to greater integration of global securities markets. Cross–border listing has become one of
the avenues for the integration of global securities markets.
There are two forms of cross–border listing, namely, direct listing and indirect listing. Direct listing
implies that the firm concerned offers ordinary shares to the public. Indirect listing on exchanges is
through Depository Receipts (DRs). Depository receipt is a negotiable certificate issued by a bank in
a domestic country that represent ownership of shares in companies of other countries. Cross listing,
particularly through DRs such as American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) or Global Depositary
Receipts (GDRs), is a popular way of internationalisation among firms from emerging economies.
In addition to Europe and America, International firms are allowed to cross list in other countries
through the DR programme.
There could be several reasons for a domestic company to cross–list, such as an expanding investor
base, the desire to improve stock liquidity through its highly liquid secondary market, the increasing
visibility of the company, a growing customer base, and the wish to take advantage of higher
valuations. From the perspective of investors, cross listing mitigates some

Difference Between Icici Bank N Axis
SERVICE SECTOR MANAGEMENT | ICICI BANK AND AXIS BANK |
WHAT IS A BANK?
A banker or bank is a financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for
customers and to borrow and lend money. In other words, an institution where one can place and
borrow money and take care of financial affairs
ABOUT
The Banking sector in India has always been one of the most preferred avenues of employment. In
the current decade, this has emerged as a resurgent sector in the Indian economy. As per the
McKinsey report 'India Banking 2010', the banking sector index has grown at a compounded annual
rate of over 51 per cent since the year 2001, as compared to a 27 per cent growth in the market index
during the same period. It is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The merger would enhance value for ICICI shareholders through the merged entity's access to low–
cost deposits, greater opportunities for earning fee–based income and the ability to participate in the
payments system and provide transaction–banking services. The merger would enhance value for
ICICI Bank shareholders through a large capital base and scale of operations, seamless access to
ICICI's strong corporate relationships built up over five decades, entry into new business segments,
higher market share in various business segments, particularly fee–based services, and access to the
vast talent pool of ICICI and its subsidiaries. In October 2001, the Boards of Directors of ICICI and
ICICI Bank approved the merger of ICICI and two of its wholly–owned retail finance subsidiaries,
ICICI Personal Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank.
The merger was approved by shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January 2002, by the High
Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad in March 2002, and by the High Court of Judicature at Mumbai and
the Reserve Bank of India in April 2002. Consequent to the merger, the ICICI group's financing and
banking operations, both wholesale and retail, have been integrated in a single entity.

Retail Banking of Axis Bank
Retail Banking
Of
Axis Bank
(Summer Internship Report) From 3rd June to 24th July
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my deep gratitude to AXIS Bank division, Kanpur for giving me this opportunity to do
summer internship. I acknowledge the give and take relationship wherein I could work diligently on
the project assigned to me and contribute to the organization with my efforts and get essential credit
to my profile before I enter the corporate world.
I thank my project trainer "MR. ASHUTOSH VERMA" for giving me the opportunity to work on a
project that holds strategies importance to the organization.
Subsequently, I want to thank my faculty teacher MR. ANOOP SINGH SIR for generating ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Bank has developed a branch network which is built on customer–convenience and service,
helping it particularly in the acquisition of low–cost retail deposits, retail assets, lending to
agriculture, SME and mid–corporate and facilitating the cross–selling of third–party products.
CONTENTS
S.no. Particulars. Page no.
1. Banking in India –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 7 – Early
History –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 8 – Nationalized Bank In
India –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 10 – Private Banks
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 11
2. Axis Bank ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 13 –
Company Description –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 14 – Profile
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 16 – Board of Directors
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 18
3. Retail Banking –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 20 –
Introduction ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 20 – Segmentation of
the saving Bank––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 24 – Wealth Management
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 46 – Strategic Tie–ups
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 49 – Internet Banking Channels
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 49 – Mobile Banking

Raising Money in U.S. Stock Markets
1. Is raising money in U.S. stock markets more – or less – difficult than in the rest of the world? To
start, using the article that is cited for the class is...well, dated at the very least. The United States
has gone through at least a complete financial cycle since after the article was written. The tech bust
and then the quickly following tragedy of September 11, 2001 with the ensuing market meltdown
were just the beginning. Just to put it into perspective, "'During the last seven years, we 've had
recession, 9–11, Rita, Katrina, two wars, the mutual fund scandal, the meltdown in subprime, Enron,
WorldCom and Martha Stewart.' According to Michael Arnow, director of financial planning in the
Milwaukee office of SJA Financial ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Is it wise for a U.S. corporation to list its stock on foreign stock exchanges? What are the possible
advantages and disadvantages of such a move? Listing on a foreign exchange brings the added risks
of uncertainty of the US dollar, trade embargoes, trade tariffs, foreign service fees, an entirely
different IRS reporting structure, and many other hurdles. If a company is big enough to have a
financial management section headed by a CFO, then it should not be very difficult to list on a
foreign exchange with enough program management. The advantages of listing of a foreign
exchange include greater exposure, opportunities in foreign markets that might otherwise be
unattainable, and higher profits. The disadvantages are much the same as in the setup; recurring
foreign taxes, trade margin fluctuations, and other foreign trade barriers. Overall, an ADR or move
to forward markets would, for a US based company, be a good move in the current economy.
Exposure to foreign markets and currencies would translate back to higher profits. For companies
outside the US, moving in would be a short term fiasco between the weakening dollar, but in the
long run an excellent move because now is the time to get into the US "on the cheap". References
Kathleen Gallagher (23 January). Don 't panic, experts say: Ride out market volatility with diverse
portfolio, they advise. McClatchy – Tribune Business News. Retrieved March 8,

Lenovo Annual Report 12/13
Stock Code: 992
Journey from PC to PC+
2012/13 Interim Report Lenovo Group Limited
REDEFINING
IdeaPad Yoga
PC INNOVATION
ThinkPad Twist
This interim report is printed on environmentally friendly paper manufactured from elemental
chlorine–free pulp Printed on chemistry free plate system and soy ink
e A720 IdeaCentr
Lenovo, the Lenovo logo, ThinkPad, ThinkCentre, ThinkServer, IdeaPad, IdeaCentre, IdeaTab,
Yoga, Twist, and "For Those Who Do." are trademarks of Lenovo in the United States, other
countries, or both. © 2012 Lenovo.
PC+ EVOLUTION
ACROSS FOUR SCREENS
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT
Note Revenue Cost of sales Gross profit Other income/(loss) – net Selling and distribution expenses
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2 4,040,348 1,218,494 2,354,909 639,331 62,883 3,303,053 70,406 413,672 3,757,652 11,820,400
15,860,748
Current assets Inventories Trade receivables Notes receivable Derivative financial assets Deposits,
prepayments and other receivables Income tax recoverable Bank deposits Cash and cash equivalents

10(a)
11
1,539,765 2,880,241 771,198 39,932 3,382,149 70,004 421,899 3,453,405 12,558,593
Total assets
16,712,277
2012/13 Interim Report Lenovo Group Limited
5
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (continued)
Note Share capital Reserves Equity attributable to owners of the Company Non–controlling interests
Put option written on non–controlling interest Total equity Non–current liabilities Bank borrowings
Warranty provision Deferred revenue Retirement benefit obligations Deferred income tax liabilities
Other non–current liabilities 15 13(c) 14
September 30, 2012 (unaudited) US$'000 32,969 2,335,658 2,368,627 237,643 (212,900) 2,393,370
300,000 288,801 415,431 211,481 88,917 936,975 2,241,605
March 31, 2012 (audited) US$'000 33,131 2,328,104 2,361,235 86,734 – 2,447,969 – 291,111
381,593 204,818 83,594 641,986 1,603,102 4,050,272 127,315 49,253 7,074,196 310,159 135,530
62,952 11,809,677 13,412,779 15,860,748 10,723 4,051,071
12(a)
13
Current liabilities Trade payables Notes payable Derivative financial liabilities Provisions, accruals
and other payables Deferred revenue Income tax payable Bank borrowings
10(b)
12
4,103,311 91,237

The Act Of Investing Money For Your Own Country 's Stock...
Introduction
The act of investing money in your own country's stock market is relatively easy. All you need to do
is get a hold of your stock broker or log into your online account and place a buy or sell order. On
the flip side, investing in a company that is listed on a foreign stock exchange is much more
complicated. Where would one begin? However, now there is an easier way to invest in foreign
markets from the U.S, this is through the American Depositary Receipts (ADRs). According to
Investopedia, there are more than 2,000 foreign companies world–wide that provide this option for
U.S and Canadian investors interested in buying shares. The purpose of this research paper is to
define what an ADR is, explain how ADRs work, mention the different types of ADRs, and lastly,
outline the risks and benefits of ADRs to US investors and issuers.
American Depositary Receipt
Investopedia defines American Depositary Receipt as a negotiable stock that trades in the United
States but represents a specified number of shares in a foreign corporation. ADRs are bought and
sold in American markets like normal stocks, and are distributed or sponsored in the U.S. by a
depositary bank or brokerage. Investopedia confirms that ADRs were introduced to the financial
markets in 1927, as a result of the complexities involved in buying shares in foreign countries and
the difficulties related to trading at different prices and currencies. It is because of this that the U.S
banks purchase huge

Corporate Social Responsibility of Hsbc
About HSBC
Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) is one of the largest banking and financial
services organizations in the world. We are the world's local bank.
Headquarter: London
Network: HSBC's international network comprises around 8,000 offices in 88 countries and
territories in Europe, the Asia–Pacific region, the Americas, the Middle East and Africa.
Shareholders: With listings on the London, Hong Kong, New York, Paris and Bermuda stock
exchanges, shares in HSBC Holdings plc are held by around 220,000 shareholders in 119 countries
and territories. The shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange in the form of American
Depositary Receipts.
Activities: Through an international network linked by advanced technology, ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The curriculum is designed to assist consumers in the areas of credit, homeownership and managing
money.
YourFutureCounts™ HSBC has extended its partnership with the Society for Financial Education
and Professional Development (SFEPD) through July 2010 with a renewed grant of $500,000 for
the YourFutureCounts™ program, a series of personal money management and credit management
seminars to juniors and seniors at Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs). In 2008,
14,413 students at 71 HBCUs participated in the seminars, with a total of 48,792 students receiving
this important training since the program began in 2005.
Junior Achievement
HSBC is proud to partner with Junior Achievement (JA), the largest nonprofit youth economic
education organization in the world. As a financial services company, partnering with JA provides
our employees an opportunity to build professional skills, while supporting the future economic
success of our youth. JA programs educate and inspire young people to value free enterprise,
understand business and economics, and be better prepared to enter the workforce. The programs are
presented at a wide variety of schools throughout the country, and children from all economic
backgrounds have the opportunity to participate.
Volunteer Support
In 2008, more than 2,500 employees spent approximately 37,000 hours teaching JA programs in 39
states, directly affecting nearly 50,000 students. Since 2005, HSBC has

International Financial Transactions Take Place Worldwide...
Nowadays international financial transactions take place worldwide. Most of the big companies of
the United States and other countries have decided to expand their operations, products, and services
out of the country, turning the traditional economy in a globalized economy. Under these new
circumstances, the financial management became more complexity. The complexity of the process is
caused due to companies have to deal with monetary interactions with all countries participating in
the market such as currency exchange rates, international monetary systems, inflation, tax system
and government law, and issues of international financial management including political risk and
foreign exchange risk inherent in managing multinational corporations. In this new market's scene is
where the international finance management has become an important tool for multinational
companies. Currently, without a vast experience in this theme, is hard to last in the market because
there is marked different between international and domestic financial markets. The companies that
have trained their managers in international finance matters can help the organization to achieve
high levels of efficiency and effectiveness in all markets around the world.
There are many aspects that we have to consider to understand the real concept of international
financial management. The following terminology is present in all the markets worldwide:
American Depositary Receipt (ADR): Masson Corporation Security

Cross Listings On International Exchanges
The past few decades have witnessed the increased internationalization of various firms through
cross–listings on international exchanges. This has been facilitated by market liberalisation, which
has led to greater integration of global securities markets. Cross–border listing has become one of
the avenues for the integration of global securities markets.
There are two forms of cross–border listing, namely, direct listing and indirect listing. Direct listing
implies that the firm concerned offers ordinary shares to the public. Indirect listing on exchanges is
through Depository Receipts (DRs). Depository receipt is a negotiable certificate issued by a bank in
a domestic country that represent ownership of shares in companies of other countries. Cross listing,
particularly through DRs such as American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) or Global Depositary
Receipts (GDRs), is a popular way of internationalization among firms from emerging economies.
In addition to Europe and America, international firms are allowed to cross list in other countries
through the DR programme.
There could be several reasons for a domestic company to cross–list, such as an expanding investor
base, the desire to improve stock liquidity through its highly liquid secondary market, the increasing
visibility of the company, a growing customer base, and the wish to take advantage of higher
valuations. From the perspective of investors, cross listing mitigates some of the

515531 Essay
BFM223
SUSTAINABILITY ACCOUNTING AND ACCOUNTABILITY
MSC IN ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE (PTABAB061)
INDIVIDUAL COURSE ASSIGNMENT
CANDIDATE: 515531
WORD COUNT: 3,358
DATE OF SUBMISSION: JANUARY 10, 2013
ASTON BUSINESS SCHOOL (ABS)
TABLE OF CONTENT
Part Topic Page
1 Introduction 1
2 Sustainable Development– The Background 1
3 Compliance of CLP Sustainability Report with GRI's Sustainability Reporting Guidelines 2
3.1. Strategy and Profile 3
3.2. Management Approach 5
3.3. Performance Indicators 5
3.4. GRI Guidelines 7
3.4.1. Strategy and Analysis 7
3.4.2. Organizational Profile 7
3.4.3. Report Parameters 8
4 Literature Review on CLP's SR 8
5 Assurance of CLP SR 11
6 Conclusion 14
7 References →
1. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, a sustainability report should provide a balanced and reasonable representation of the
sustainability performance of a reporting organization – including both positive and negative
contributions. CLP Chairman and CEO statement address this issue in a way that CLP have already
proved to be a sustainable business. However, the needs and expectations of their stakeholders are
evolving more quickly than before. The result is that CLP needs to anticipate, adapt and act more
quickly and effectively than ever if they are to sustain their business.
The Standard Disclosure section of GRI guideline specifies the base content that should appear in a

sustainability report. There are three different types of disclosures:
3.1. STRATEGY AND PROFILE:
"Our Business" section of CLP's sustainability report covers the business profile, strategies, risk,
opportunities and succession plan. CLP has an enriched Value Framework which is an enduring
statement of what CLP wants to be, and which all are expected to share and support – wherever they
work or whatever their individual roles may be. It articulates their belief in doing the right thing as a
company. CLP's vision is to be the leading responsible energy provider in the Asia–Pacific region,
from one generation to the next. Its mission is to produce

Bhp Billiton Ltd Essay
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 BHP Billiton Company Background
BHP Billiton Limited was founded in the year 2001 as a merger between Australian Broken Hill
Proprietary Company and the Anglo–Dutch Billiton Plc. BHP Billiton is a dual listed company and
well known as the leading global resources and the largest mining company in the world measured
from its revenue. The headquarters is in Melbourne, Australia and a major management office in
London, UK. They have more than 100,000 employees and contractors across the 25 nations. BHP
Billiton is the major producers of commodities namely energy coal, aluminum, iron ore, minerals,
copper, manganese, uranium, nickel, and mining in oil, gas, and diamond. They have more than 100
mining and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Their main focus is to create effective strategic framework that capitalizes on the strong market
consumer direction, cash optimization from their assets, and maximizing their financial strength. By
doing so, the company not only becomes effective, but also efficient and furthermore, it strengthens
their business position in the global market.
The other strength of BHP Billiton is their development expertise. Development expertise refers to
professionals that are formed to be R&D (Research and Development) division, which their
duty is to develop new products to meet the market demands and give the best products for the
clients. Hence, it is their competitive advantages that distinct them from their competitors.
Furthermore, with the diversity of their products, they are able to mitigate their productions easily to
other countries / nations since their productions are well distributed over the world.
Additionally, BHP Billiton is able to tackle all the possible challenges from their competitors by
implementing effective strategies and approaches. This particular strength is considered as the most
powerful ability of BHP Billiton that can help them to maintain their performance in the business
and guard their crown over the competitors.
Weaknesses
As BHP Billiton has become a giant company in the industry,

Honda Annual Report
Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Annual Report 2009
Annual Report 2009
Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
Year Ended March 31, 2009
Contents
2 3 6 8 18 The Power of Dreams Summary of Operating Results by Business Financial Highlights
To Our Shareholders Review of Operations
Motorcycle Business Automobile Business Power Product and Other Businesses Financial Services
Business
36 37 39 46 49 81
Preparing for the Future Risk Factors Corporate Governance Board of Directors, Corporate Auditors
and Operating Officers Financial Section Corporate Information
Principal Manufacturing Facilities Honda Group Honda's History Investor Information
Reports Published by Honda
CSR Report
This report provides an overview of Honda's position on corporate ... Show more content on
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*As of March 31, 2009
Caution with Respect to Forward–Looking Statements
This annual report contains "forward–looking statements" as defined in Section 27A of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended. Such statements are based on management's assumptions and beliefs, taking into account
information currently available to it. Therefore, please be advised that Honda's actual results could
differ materially from those described in these forward–looking statements as a result of numerous
factors, including general economic conditions in Honda's principal markets; foreign exchange rates
between the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar, the Euro and other major currencies; and extensive
environmental and other governmental regulations, as well as other factors detailed from time to
time.

Annual Report 2009
1
The Power of Dreams
Dreams inspire us to create innovative products that enhance mobility and benefit society. To meet
the particular needs of customers in different regions around the world, we base our sales networks,
research & development centers and manufacturing facilities in each region. Furthermore, as a
socially responsible corporate citizen, we strive to address important environmental and safety
issues.
2
Annual Report 2009
15
Summary of Operating Results by Business
Percentage of Net Sales by Business
Motorcycle

Toyota Recall Essay
Financing the Toyota Recall. INTRODUCTION In May of 2006, The Toyota Motor Corporation
initiated a recall of nearly one million vehicles around the world to replace faulty parts that could
cause drivers to lose control of the steering wheel. The recall affected vehicles across 10 models,
including the popular Prius. The intermediate shafts and sliding yokes in the recalled cars lacked the
necessary strength and could distort or crack under strong pressure, causing drivers to lose control of
the steering wheel, according to Toyota (ConsumerAffairs.Com). Owners of these vehicles were
allowed to have these defects repaired at the cost of Toyota and required approximately on hour to
complete (News.com.au).
BODY
Dealing with any ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The can utilize debt or equity financing. If they choose debt financing, they will need to generate
capitol for the recall by borrowing the funds. These funds will likely be obtained from a bank or the
owner. It is important to note they could seek help from the government given the size of the recall
amount or even the general public via bond but these would be unlikely scenarios given there
current cash position.
Essentially, debt financing offers Toyota loan opportunities to be considered a temporary investment
with a stated return to the lenders. While the term may be long or short, and potentially rolled over,
it is important to note this avenue would prove less costly then equity financing. Given the history
and habit, if you will, of Toyota 's recall history, a short term loan rolled over as necessary would be
realistic.
General capitol for the recall can be raised by providing ownership of the company through equity
financing. The advantage of this is essentially, the financing is forever, unless of course Toyota
chose to buy back the stock. The greatest flexible advantage to Toyota with equity financing is of
course the payback period is endless. Some disadvantages to equity funding for Toyota is the higher
cost versus debt financing and the clear fact they cannot determine the return. The capitol
appreciation of the stock and dividends, if paid, cannot be guaranteed, thus higher risk is a factor
worthy of careful consideration. Although

Essay Financial Markets Deregulate
Thanks to deregulation & technological advances, Financial Markets are all interlinked. Funds can
thus be raised overseas, not only domestically.
Deregulation is the process by which rules and regulations are removed or reduced in order to make
markets increasingly efficient. The rationale behind this is that deregulation will promote
competitiveness, and therefore result in lower prices and a more efficient marketplace.
To realise the effect of deregulation and technological advances on financial markets, we first have
to understand what financial markets are. Basically, a financial market is a mechanism that allows
people to buy and sell financial securities, commodities and other fungible items of low value at low
transaction ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With easy accessibility of the Internet, financial information can be disseminated quickly and hence
investors are able to make better–informed decisions. This accessibility of information and
deregulation has encouraged foreign investments, and we can see the surge of new financial
products and an increase in financial innovation in the markets today. Stocks can now be dual–
listed, traded across markets in two different countries. For example, many large Canadian
companies are listed both on the New York Stock Exchange as well as the Toronto Stock Exchange.
There are also Brazilian–based companies listed on both the Brazilian and US stock markets. This
adds greater liquidity to the companies' shares traded, and also gives investors more options as to
where they can trade.
The reduction of government restrictions has even allowed stock markets to take it one step further.
We hear of the Nasdaq owning 31% of the London Stock Exchange's (LSE) shares and talks of
acquiring it were in the works, but they have now decided to focus instead on taking over Sweden's
OMX AB. In late June this year, the LSE announced a merger with the Borsa Italiana SpA for $2.19
billion. One would never have heard of this happening had widespread deregulation not occurred.
In Singapore, the ability to trade stocks and shares has become easily accessible due to online
trading. Real–time information on stock prices is

Investment Chap2
Chapter 2
Markets and Transactions
T Outline
Learning Goals
I. Securities Markets A) Types of Securities Markets 1. The Primary Market a. Going Public: The
IPO Process b. The Investment Banker's Role 2. Secondary Markets B) Organized Securities
Exchanges 1. The New York Stock Exchange a. Trading Activity b. Listing Policies 2. The
American Stock Exchange 3. Regional Stock Exchanges 4. Options Exchanges 5. Futures
Exchanges C) The Over–the–Counter Market 1. New Issues and Secondary Distributions 2. The
Role of Dealers 3. Nasdaq 4. Alternative Trading Systems D) General Market Conditions: Bull or
Bear Concepts in Review II. Globalization of Securities Markets A) Growing Importance of
International Markets B) International Investment ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A related issue is the existence of after–hours trading. In the next section, various regulations
applicable to brokers, investment advisors, and stock exchanges are described. The instructor need
not dwell on this section at length, however the instructor might want to bring in any recent
litigation or securities market trial that is being widely covered by the press. Ethical issues and
insider trading are interesting and serve to make a point about the challenges facing those attempting
to regulate the exchanges.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Chapter 2
Markets and Transactions
19

7.
The text now moves to the different types of transactions, beginning with long purchases. The next
section deals extensively with margin trading, including the magnification of profits and losses,
initial and maintenance margin, and the formulas for their calculation. There are a number of review
problems and a case at the end of the chapter to aid the student in understanding the concept of
margin. The final section of the chapter deals with short selling, including the mechanics and uses of
short sales.
8.
T Answers to Concepts in Review
1. (a) In the money market, short–term securities such as CDs, T–bills, and banker's acceptances are
traded. Long–term securities such as stocks and bonds are traded in the capital markets. (b) A new
security is

A Comparative Look At Space And Law Essay
A Comparative Look at Space and Law
Space means what we want it to mean. Defined by those who occupy it, giving it a purpose and
without it, it is nothing more than an empty area, blank and lifeless. The following two articles offer
different perspectives on the use of this space as it relates to law. In one article, space provides
certain function that determines how those who occupy it are to act, while in another it is a neutral
space and welcoming space representing choice and the freedom; a public stage used to put on a
performance and develop a professional identity.
In Norman Spaulding's article The Enclosure of Justice: Courthouse Architecture, Due Process, and
the Dead Metaphor of Trial, the focus is on adversarial space; the courthouse where confrontation
takes place and justice is administered. With little said about this space Spaulding searches for
deeper, unexplored connections between justice and the space in which it operates. Using a
historical overview, he shows how courtroom structure has become increasingly enclosed signifying
law's liberation from all political, commercial and social aspects. Furthermore, actual courtroom
trials are becoming a 'dead metaphor' as Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) offer better options,
mass processing and immediate justice in private and fully enclosed settings. Spaulding concludes,
complemented by history, there exists a movement towards isolation of traditional courtroom space,
because it eliminates interruption the

Mission Statement And Vision Statement Of Nike
Overview:
Nike Inc. is a very successful publicly traded sportswear and equipment company based in the
United States. Nike is a multi–national and Fortune 500 company. It has reached achievements in
their innovation in products that Nike has become one of the most recognized companies today and
companies dream to have what Nike has created. The main headquarters for the company is in the
Portland metropolitan area near Beaverton, Oregon. Nike leads the world in supplying athletic
apparel and shoes. Nike shows how devoted they are in the satisfaction of their customer's needs
that it shines upon their mission statement and encompasses their vision. Nike ensures to go far and
beyond expectations so that their customers receive quality products and services. Nike was founded
in 1964 as Blue Ribbon Sports, but goes back to the 1950's, and with their extensive history it only
adds up to its impressive reputation in the Sports industry. Mission and Vision Statements:
What is a mission and vision statement is what needs to be understood. Both have two purposes; the
mission statement is what the company is doing and what its main objective is, and the vision
statement is what the company wants to become. From the beginning Nike knew what they wanted
to become and that was and is still to be the leader in the worldwide industry for sports apparel and
athletic footwear. Nike focuses on producing the highest and best quality in athletic apparel and
shoes worldwide. Nike does not really have a vision statement. The company's growth through
innovation and leadership is how Nike sees itself. The company has a strong vision of growth in the
future. Nike has a mission statement that lets everyone know what the main objective is. "To bring
inspiration and innovation to ever *athlete in the world." Founder Bill Bowerman defined athlete the
following way: "*If you have a body, you are an athlete."(Mission statement, Nike.com) That
definition is the heart of Nike's business model and has been the center point to their vision. They
are saying that everyone in the world is athlete and they want to inspire and innovate every type of
demographic. Nike's view has been a critical to their spectacular growth to be a major global

Gazprom
Gazprom and Itera: A Case Study in Russian Corporate Misgovernance "I'm going to tell you a war
story–my war story," opened Browder. " It's one that involves Gazprom, Itera, and
PricewaterhouseCoopers. But I'm not a diplomat so this won't be diplomatic," he cautioned. As an
investor, he says he looks to find companies whose stock is cheap, and Gazprom is "by far the
cheapest oil and gas company in the world," if one divides the value of the company by its total
reserves. Because the market discounts virtually the entire value of Gazprom with the assumption
that 99% of its assets are stolen, Gazprom's reserves trade at 10 cents for energy equivalent to one
barrel of oil. (Exxon Mobil's reserves, by way of comparison, trade at $13.80 ... Show more content
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In the face of this compelling information, PwC, incomprehensibly in Browder's mind, again
equivocated, concluding that Gazprom actually benefited from this arrangement because they saved
scarce cash resources and would have been forced to raise debt financing when the interest rate
reached 50%. But that defies basic economics, said Browder. Interest rates would have had to reach
1600% to justify selling gas at $2–$4 per 1000 m3 instead of borrowing money. 3. Negotiations with
Niyazov In Browder's third illustration of Gazprom's misdealings and PwC's misjudgment, Gazprom
CEO Rem Vyakhirev negotiated in December 1999 with Turkmenistan's president Niyazov on
behalf of Itera. Under their agreement, Itera bought Turkmen gas at $35.4 per 1000 m3 and resold it
to Gazprom at $45 per 1000 m3, reaping an $87 million profit. PwC determined that this was
roughly equal to Itera's transportation costs, and thus Itera's profit was negligible. The truth,
Browder stressed, was that Gazprom reimbursed Itera for its transportation costs by a separate
agreement so Itera simply pocketed the money. 4. Exports to Belarus Itera, furthermore, was the
recipient of two gifts from Gazprom, for which it gave no compensation whatsoever. The first, 35%
of the Belarusian gas market–the third largest in the CIS, one worth $500 million a year–accounted
for a $99.7 million annual loss to Gazprom. PwC

SEC Form F-6 Analysis
SEC Form F–6 is required by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for registering certain
securities of a foreign firm. It's used to register shares represented by American depositary receipts
(ADRs) issued by a depositary against the deposit of the securities of a foreign issuer. In short, the
form lists shares of foreign securities on a US exchange. However, price and liquidity deviates from
the ADR's foreign counterpart since they trade on two different exchanges. Form F–6 is issued in
accordance with the Securities Act of 1933. SEC Form F–6 is also known as the Registration
Statement under the Securities Act of 1933 for depositary shares evidenced by American depositary
receipts. This act, often referred to as the "truth in securities"

An Analysis of the Choice Between Separated and Mixed...
An analysis of the choice between separated and mixed operation model for ICBC( London)
Abstract: Since the fifth wave of Merge and Acquisition in the 1990s, the global banking industries
have developed towards the direction of large–scale, international and omnipotent banks. The mixed
operation of the commercial banks had already been the leading trend in the 21st century. With
China's entrance into WTO at the end of last century, the Chinese financial institutions, especially
the Chinese bank industries, are destined to participate in the global economy and to face the keen
competition from the "financial conglomerate" of the western developed countries. The commercial
banks still operate separately at present according to the law. ... Show more content on
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The competition among commercial banks increased. Especially, after joining WTO, Chinese state–
owned commercial banks face more direct threat from foreign competition. However, China's
"Commercial Bank Law" clearly provides the current business model of commercial banks is
"separate operation, separate supervision" (Qu and Sun, 2006). Also as the renovation of technology
and the continuous development of the world's financial markets, the various financial derivatives
have been promoted. Meanwhile, the integration between different financial sectors gradually
strengthened. The original separated operation and supervision mechanism hinder the innovation of
financial system and enhancement of service efficiency. ICBC (London) is facing the level of
competition in the financial sector will become more intense, which requires the development under
the British FSA's supervision. It must keep the pace of the international financial banks. That means
the mixed operation will be the future development direction. To reach this argument, this paper will
be based on the primary and secondary data of operation performance of HSBC and ICBC operated
in UK, and analyze the result of comparison to conduct the appropriate choice of operation model
for ICBC operating

Phar Mor Case
~ Case 6 Phar–Mor, Inc.: Accounting Fraud, Litigation, and Auditor Liability Mark S. Beasley,
Frank A. Buckless, Steven M. Glover, Douglas F. Prawitt LEARNING OBJECTIVES After
completing and discussing this case, you should be able to . . Identify factors contributing to an
environment conducive to accounting fraud . Understand what factors may inappropriately influence
the client–auditor relationship and auditor independence Understand auditor legal liability issues
related to suits brought by plaintiffs under both statutory and COmmonlaw INTRODUCTION In
December 1995, the flamboyant entrepreneur Michael "Mickey" Monus, formerly president and
chief operating officer (COO) of the deep–discount retail chain PharMor, Inc., was ... Show more
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Phar–Mor's prices were so low that competitors wondered how Phar–Mor could do it. Monus'
strategy was to underse11Wal–Mart in each market where the two retailers directly competed.
Unfortunately, Phar–Mor's prices were so low that Phar–Mor began losing money. Unwi11ingto
a11owthese shortfa11sto damage Phar–Mor's appearance of success, Monus and his team began to
engage in creative accounting so that PharMor never reported these losses in its financial statements.
Federal fraud examiners discerned later that 1987 was the last year Phar–Mor actua11ymade a
profit. Investors, relying upon these erroneous financial statements, saw Phar–Mor as an opportunity
to cash in on the retailing craze. Among the big investors were Westinghouse Credit Corp., Sears
Roebuck & Co., ma11developer Edward J. de Bartolo, and the prestigious Lazard Freres & Co.
Corporate Partners Investment Fund. Prosecutors say banks and investors put $1.14 biUion into
Phar–Mor based on the phony records. The fraud was ultimately uncovered when a travel agent
received a Phar–Mor check signed by Monus paying for expenses that were unrelated to Phar–Mor.
The agent showed the check to her landlord, who happened to be a Phar–Mor investor, IUnless
otherwise noted, the facts and statements included in this case are based on actual trial transcripts.
Case 6 – Phar–Mor, Inc.: Accounting Fraud, Litigation, and Auditor Liability and he contacted
Phar–Mor's chief

Disadvantages Of Insider Trading
The philosophy of a business reflects the business ethics and values followed by that business. Its
primary objective is to find out the purposes of a business. It is always a debatable topic on taking
sides between business ethics and fiduciary reasonability. To follow business ethics sometimes may
lead to violation of fiduciary responsibility. But businesses of lately started giving more focus to
incorporate ethical practices and value creation in their operations. In today's world business and
ethics are strongly connected. Ethics in general are practised by every individual in his/her own way.
Ethics are omnipresent, each and every decision, action, rational has some kind of ethics behind it.
Even Indian companies operate its business ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is a crime committed on the faith of an individual or entity put on an organisation. Insider trading
has both positive and negative sides. It helps disclose scams and irregularities which is its positive
side. ICICI as a bank supports its positive side but give more emphasis on not getting involved in
insider trading negative side.
The negative side of insider trading is related to disclosing and divulging non–public information
the bank contains. Information related to share prices and future biddings affects the original values
of these things if the information is known to a outside party. What is prohibited is the trading by an
insider in breach of a duty of trust or confidence in the stock of a company on the basis of non
public information to the exclusion of others. Insider trading violations may also include "tipping"
such information and securities trading by the person "tipped".
ICICI bank ensures that its employees do not get involved in any insider trading activities. To
protect the integrity of the group and its subsidies ICICI bank makes sure that it does not support or
involve in any kind of insider trading. It makes sure that non–public information regarding trade in
securities does not reach families or friends of any of its employees. ICICI bank placed the
following methods to regulate the insider

India Business Quiz
––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– India Business Quiz : Questions with
Answers 1. "We have learned that if we provide people with an occasion & an excuse to shop,
they will come" are the Golden words of whom? Ans: Kishore Bayani (The Chairman of Future
Group) 2. What is the Title of Auto Biography of JRD TATA? Ans: Beyond the Last Blue Mountain
3. What is the Title of Auto Biography of Krishna Kumar Birla? Ans: Brushes with History 4. "It
happened in India" is the Auto Biography of whom? Ans: Kishore Bayani (The Chairman of Future
Group) 5. "The End of Ecconomic Man" is the famous book written by whom? Ans: Peter F
Drucker 6. "Imagining India" recently published book authored by? Ans: Nandan M Neelakeni 7. ...
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IMF stands for International Machinery Fund International Monetary Fund Indian Machinery Fund
Indian Monetary Fund3. SEC means.. Securities & Exchange Commission Stock Exchange
Commission Script Exchange Commission Special Exchange Commission4. NSE stands for
National Stock Exchange National Script Exchange Network of Stock Exchange Non Stock
Exchange5. NYSE is is acronym for New York Stock Exchange New York Scripts Exchange New
York Special Exchange National York Securities Exchange6. NSDL stands for Network of
Securities Depository Limited Network of Stocks Directory Listing National Stock Directory
Limited National Securities Depository Limited7. ADR stands for All Depositary Receipt Asian
Depositary Receipt African Depositary Receipt American Depositary Receipts8. In the context of
Mutual Funds, SIP stands for.. Systematic Investment Plan Scheduled Interest Plan Specific
Insurance Plan Special Income Plan9. In the context of Mutual Funds, ELSS means Endowment
Linked Savings Scheme Equity Linked Savings Scheme Established Line Savings Scheme
Entrepreneur Line Savings Scheme10. AMFI stands for Association of Mutual Funds in India
Arbitrated Mutual Funds India Arbitrated Monetary Funds India Associated Mega Finance of India |
1. Financial Statements are reports on

Huaneng Power International Inc.
Question No. 1
You have been hired as an international investment banker by a large U.S. institutional investor who
is considering purchasing HPI stock. Provide an analysis of i) China as an investment destination, ii)
key success factors, and iii) HPI's strengths and weaknesses.
China, officially the People's Republic of China is the world's largest country by population and one
of the largest by area, measuring about the same size as the United States. The country's varied
terrain includes vast deserts, towering mountains, high plateaus, and broad plains. Beijing, located in
the north, is China's capital and its cultural, economic, and communications center. Shanghai,
located near the Yangtze, is the most populous urban center, the ... Show more content on
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The need of a modern technology to improve the power's productivity b. The need of foreign capital

Financial Management Of Techtronic Industries Hong Kong Essay
Financial Management of Techtronic Industries Hong Kong Name Course Professor Institution City
Date Executive Summary Techtronic industries is a manufacturing company with its' headquarters in
Hong Kong, the company was founded in 1985.The company has developed its brand and position
itself in china, as well as globally to be the leading manufacturing and research competences in Asia
and also North America, as well as a customer examining network in North America, Europe and
Australasia. It employs almost over 16,000 people worldwide. It is a global leading company in the
design, manufacturing and also sale of home upgrading products, with sales in the year 2002 of
US$1.2 B. Its major areas of business are power tools, solar powered lighting, electronic measuring
tools and floor care appliances. The company manufactures and trade electrical and electronic
appliance. This company has attained an average income growth of 33% yearly over the past 5
years. The company operate in two segments floor care and appliances and also power equipment. It
has been enumerated on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong since 1990, where it first issued its first
IPO initial public offer to the general public. It is also listed in other bourse and boast a record Level
1 American Depositary Receipt (ADR) programed through the Bank of New York. The current
valuation for the company is based on the DCF valuation model which assumes, valuation based a
market risk–free rate of

Geelie Case Analysis
Dear Mr. Li,
Given the recent objective of Geeli becoming the world's biggest air–conditioner manufacture
within the next five years for which Geeli needs to raise $400 million (RMB 3.35 billion), I have
looked into these areas based on the information available:
1. Current Company Position
2. Current Industry Position
3. Financing options
4. Recommendations
Current Company Position
Geeli has gained substantial market share of this industry under your leadership over the last decade.
With Geeli's present book assets approaching $400 million Geeli has enjoyed a steady growth in it's
revenue and stable cash flows. Additionally, the Geeli brand is valued at $350 million by the State
Finance Bureau of China. Given this brand recognition ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though private placements are very new in China and only being legislated in 2005, it is
expected to double by 2008.
Advantages Set Backs
– Easy and less time consuming
– No Strict Compliance as listing
– Less number of share holders
– Allows company to be in a private status
– High level of secrecy
– Option of choosing investors who are aligned with the company – Lack of suitable investors
– Opportunistic behavior by selling to interested party in large profits
– Lack of funds
– Little recognition than other public offerings
Debt Options
When China joined the WTO in 2001, its banking sector was in a very weak state, troubled by a
serious non–performing loans (NPLs) problem. Thus, numerous measures like a large sum of
government funds (roughly 20% of China's GDP in 2004) have been provided to resolve the NPLs
problems. Since 2003, China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) was established to
strengthen bank regulation and this has improved performance due to foreign competitors, lower
transaction cost & easy administrative procedure for obtaining the loan with added tax saving. While
Geeli has limited debt on its balance sheet there are still drawbacks with these options as
emphasized below:

Domestic Banks – Drawbacks
Government Policy dictated lending practice and most loan went to state

Advantages And Drawbacks Of Ipo
Drawbacks of IPO's It is true that IPO raises huge capital for the issuing company. But in order to
launch an Initial Public Offering (IPO), it is also necessary to make certain investments. Setting up
an IPO does not always lead to an improvement in the economic performance of the company. A
continuing expenditure has to be incurred after the setting up of an IPO by the parent company. A lot
of expenses have to be incurred in the form of legal fees, printing costs and accounting fees, which
are connected to the registering of an IPO. Such expenses might cost hundreds of US dollars. Apart
from such enormous costs, there are other factors as well that should be taken into consideration by
the company while introducing an IPO. Such factors include the rules and regulations involved to
set up public offerings and this entire process on the other hand involve a number of complexities
which sometimes require the services of the experts in relevant fields. Some companies hire ... Show
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Shareholders have ownership in the company. The primary owners of the company or the people
holding maximum authority in the company cannot take decisions all by themselves once an IPO
has been launched and shareholders have been formed. The shareholders have an active
participation in every decision that is being taken even if they do not hold 50 percent share of the
company. They have their individual demands to be met as they owe a certain percentage of stakes
in the company. The SEC regulations require notification from the shareholders of the company,
meetings and also approvals from them while making important business decisions. A major risk
with shareholders is that, they can sell off their stocks any time they want, in case they see the price
band of the stakes of that company is going down. This will lead to a further drop of the value of the
shares in the market which in turn will decrease the overall value of the

Bhp Billiton Ltd Essay
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 BHP Billiton Company Background
BHP Billiton Limited was founded in the year 2001 as a merger between Australian Broken Hill
Proprietary Company and the Anglo–Dutch Billiton Plc. BHP Billiton is a dual listed company and
well known as the leading global resources and the largest mining company in the world measured
from its revenue. The headquarters is in Melbourne, Australia and a major management office in
London, UK. They have more than 100,000 employees and contractors across the 25 nations. BHP
Billiton is the major producers of commodities namely energy coal, aluminum, iron ore, minerals,
copper, manganese, uranium, nickel, and mining in oil, gas, and diamond. They have more than 100
mining and processing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One example is China and India which are countries that had an explosive, rapid, and dramatic
economic growth that continues to establish industrialized expansion. With such economic growth
and with intense development to establish an industrialized society is needed with materials that has
something to do with metal ores, aluminum, manganese and others. The opportunity is global with
the existence of free trade in some parts of the regions, their products are easily sells. The
immergence of international trade union and other international trade organizations can able to
support leverage the products. Meanwhile, since the company promoted multi–cultural or
diversified culture in terms of its manpower, it has an opportunity to acquire the best, competitive
and skillful persons to further help run the company.
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Natural Disasters Affecting America's Economy
"We've never seen anything like this" is the word increasingly heard in every part of the world in the
wake of natural disasters. Certainly, strong natural disasters have increased nearly four times over
the past four decades. There have been observed 70% increase in damage by floods and streams.
According to recent UN report, Economic losses from disasters since 2000 are in range of $2.5
trillion, almost 50% higher than previous international estimates. The economic losses from disaster
sometimes occur out of control and require partnership with private sector. The losses from
earthquake and cyclonic wind damage are expected to be about $180 billion per year throughout this
century– and this figure doesn't include damage from floods, rockslides, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Many U.S. investors own shares of companies in other countries which can put investor at a risk
with natural threat associated with these areas. There has also been seen a significant effect on a
price of commodity after a disaster. For example, earthquake in Chile (2010) choked copper market
and results an increase in Copper price worldwide. With increase in price of a commodity, there is
an obvious decreased diminished margin left for industries. Scarcity rules and the price inflation is
then not just related to market goods but also makes its way to staples like food, merchandise and

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