As the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes increasingly prevalent, organizations must build the enterprise information architecture required to gather, manage, and analyze vast troves of rich real-time data. We offer an IoT framework, use cases, and a maturity model that helps enable you to choose an adoption approach.
North American Utility Sparks Up its Complaint Handling SystemCognizant
Electric utility's new complaint handling system reduces resolution times, increases staff productivity, boosts customer satisfaction and improves regulatory compliance.
Cognitive Integration: How Canonical Models and Controlled Vocabulary Enable ...Cognizant
For pharmaceuticals companies dealing with multiple partners' systems, employing a canonical model for data communications facilitates point-to-point integration, and applying a controlled vocabulary (CV) in such models alleviates semantical ambiguity and facilitates cognitive and systems integration. We demonstrate how this works with a pharma business scenario involving Contract Research Organizations (CROs).
Increasing Business Productivity in Connected Enterprises and an Always-On Di...Cognizant
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Driving Value Through Data Analytics: The Path from Raw Data to Informational...Cognizant
As organizations gather and process colossal amounts of data, analytics is essential for operational and strategic excellence. We offer a guide to the phases of the data analytics journey, from descriptive to diagnostic to predictive to prescriptive, covering intentions, tools and people considerations.
Stepping Up to the Challenges of Digital MarketingCognizant
"The advent of digital has dramatically impacted how CMOs run their marketing operations. By identifying and employing the processes, business models and technologies required in today's digitally intensive business environment, companies can strengthen their brand, enrich their relationships with customers, and manage an increasingly complex mix of partners, processes, and technologies.
Equipping IT to Deliver Faster, More Flexible Service ManagementCognizant
IT must apply new strategies and tools to the service management function, in order to address fundamental changes in how end-users consume technology and services. Here's how IT can increase service delivery speeds and user satisfaction, while delivering greater business value.
As technology demands on logistics services providers (LSPs) become more intense, organizations are seeking to integrate or consolidate their third-part logistics (3PL) providers' solutions for tasks such as warehousing, inventory management, shipment management, cross-docking, order management, bar coding, analytics and far more. We offer a roadmap for selecting whether to make such a transition in logistics systems via a big bang or phased/pilot approach.
Pervasive digital technology is fundamentally changing the retail banking business model. Here's how banking Chief Information Officers (CIOs) need to change in order to lead the digital charge, according to our recent study.
North American Utility Sparks Up its Complaint Handling SystemCognizant
Electric utility's new complaint handling system reduces resolution times, increases staff productivity, boosts customer satisfaction and improves regulatory compliance.
Cognitive Integration: How Canonical Models and Controlled Vocabulary Enable ...Cognizant
For pharmaceuticals companies dealing with multiple partners' systems, employing a canonical model for data communications facilitates point-to-point integration, and applying a controlled vocabulary (CV) in such models alleviates semantical ambiguity and facilitates cognitive and systems integration. We demonstrate how this works with a pharma business scenario involving Contract Research Organizations (CROs).
Increasing Business Productivity in Connected Enterprises and an Always-On Di...Cognizant
To remain competitive, businesses must enhance productivity through a connected enterprise set of solutions. We offer a roadmap and set of tools for insuring that Gen-Now workers obtain the stateless, limitless and boundaryless computing that they need and expect in an always-on digital business world.
Driving Value Through Data Analytics: The Path from Raw Data to Informational...Cognizant
As organizations gather and process colossal amounts of data, analytics is essential for operational and strategic excellence. We offer a guide to the phases of the data analytics journey, from descriptive to diagnostic to predictive to prescriptive, covering intentions, tools and people considerations.
Stepping Up to the Challenges of Digital MarketingCognizant
"The advent of digital has dramatically impacted how CMOs run their marketing operations. By identifying and employing the processes, business models and technologies required in today's digitally intensive business environment, companies can strengthen their brand, enrich their relationships with customers, and manage an increasingly complex mix of partners, processes, and technologies.
Equipping IT to Deliver Faster, More Flexible Service ManagementCognizant
IT must apply new strategies and tools to the service management function, in order to address fundamental changes in how end-users consume technology and services. Here's how IT can increase service delivery speeds and user satisfaction, while delivering greater business value.
As technology demands on logistics services providers (LSPs) become more intense, organizations are seeking to integrate or consolidate their third-part logistics (3PL) providers' solutions for tasks such as warehousing, inventory management, shipment management, cross-docking, order management, bar coding, analytics and far more. We offer a roadmap for selecting whether to make such a transition in logistics systems via a big bang or phased/pilot approach.
Pervasive digital technology is fundamentally changing the retail banking business model. Here's how banking Chief Information Officers (CIOs) need to change in order to lead the digital charge, according to our recent study.
Five Priorities for Quality Engineering When Taking Banking to the CloudCognizant
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In the digital sphere, customer behaviors, organizational structures and entire business models are rapidly changing, compelling CIOs and CMOs to collaborate closely and often, and focus on the common goal of delivering consistent and exceptional customer experiences from day one.
Policy Administration Modernization: Four Paths for InsurersCognizant
The pivot to digital is fraught with numerous obstacles but with proper planning and execution, legacy carriers can update their core systems and keep pace with the competition, while proactively addressing customer needs.
Overview of major factors in big data, analytics and data science. Illustrates the growing changes from data capture and the way it is changing business beyond technology industries.
The document discusses how digital transformation is requiring organizations to rethink their datacenter strategies and move to a more distributed approach. It notes that existing inward-focused datacenters cannot accommodate new demands for things like content delivery, real-time analytics, and long-term data archiving. To meet these challenges, the document advocates shifting to an interconnection-oriented architecture and using datacenters in optimal locations that allow for proximity to customers, partners, clouds and the network edge.
This document discusses Oracle's Internet of Things platform for connecting machines and devices. It describes how Oracle provides a complete solution to develop and deploy applications across devices and data centers, manage and analyze large volumes of machine-generated data, integrate device data with enterprise applications, protect data through all stages of processing with security and compliance capabilities, and optimize business operations and innovation with Oracle applications and engineered systems.
This document discusses opportunities for data-driven growth and innovation. It explains that analyzing large amounts of data from various sources (i.e. big data) can provide valuable insights to create new products and services, improve efficiency, and generate new revenue streams. Specifically, it provides examples of how telecom operators can leverage network usage data and customer insights to partner with other industries and monetize consumer data while respecting privacy. Transparency around data usage is important to build customer trust.
The results of our latest study on ‘Smart data transformation,’ carried out with Fraunhofer FIT, are here. In this special research report, we wanted to understand the business benefits, challenges and success factors around this topic, as well as identify key needs to facilitate the effective implementation of smart data transformation.
In our latest piece, we share unique perspectives on how artificial intelligence is amplifying human potential and reshaping business. This article explore 3 fundamental questions:
How will AI shift the expectations of my customers?
How will AI transform the way my competitors run their businesses?
How should my company respond to AI?
Who needs Big Data? What benefits can organisations realistically achieve with Big Data? What else required for success? What are the opportunities for players in this space? In this paper, Cartesian explores these questions surrounding Big Data.
www.cartesian.com
Digitizing Insurance - Transforming Legacy Systems to Adopt Modern and Emergi...RapidValue
This paper explains how insurers can use the digitization (digitalization) opportunity to deliver greater value to their customers. It is also, revealed how the companies can gain competitive advantage. Insurers are able to engage more intensely with the existing customers and also, attract newer customers with the help of innovative products. Digitizing improves profitability and facilitates growth.
Managed IT services are growing rapidly, with the market expected to reach $230 billion by 2018, up from $152 billion in 2014. Two-thirds of organizations currently use some level of managed services. True managed service providers (MSPs) are distinguished by their use of proactive monitoring and management of clients' IT systems and infrastructure. They aim to identify and prevent issues before they occur. Customers should expect high availability, flexibility to adapt to changing needs, and input into developing an IT roadmap from an MSP. MSPs also offer benefits like predictable costs, improved visibility of IT systems, expertise, and enhanced security.
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Digital platforms, applications and processes are rapidly changing how shipping and transportation companies operate. Our primary research study confirmed that while acknowledging the importance of a Web-based business model, many shipping companies are proceeding cautiously. Based on our analysis of the e-commerce market and the approaches that some companies are taking, we have defined a maturity framework to help shippers better assess their current capabilities and plan ahead.
This document discusses how a big box retailer utilized big data to improve its business. It outlines the steps the retailer took:
1) It identified where big data could create advantages, such as predictive analytics to forecast sales declines. This would allow the retailer to be more proactive.
2) It built future capability scenarios to determine how to leverage big data, such as using social media data to predict problems.
3) It defined the benefits and roadmap for implementing big data, including investing millions over 5 years for a positive return. Benefits would include more consistent, faster information and insights.
The document provides details on how the retailer methodically planned and aligned its big data strategy to its business needs
In our latest white paper, our expert authors share insights on why an integrated, real-time approach is key to business planning in the digital age. This special report is the great work of our supply chain experts, who are leading some of our firm’s most innovative thinking and solutions with top global clients.
Learn About:
The evolution of planning capabilities in the enterprise
Why an integrated business planning (IBP) framework should include end-to-end business processes across the organization
A view into the different maturity levels an organization can achieve and strategies for developing a digital-driven IBP framework
How companies can get started and accelerate their journey to advanced business planning
The document discusses the Defense Logistics Agency's logistics strategy of working with top IT strategists to deliver technology, materials, and information around the world in a timely manner. It details how DLA has modernized its contracting and procurement processes through initiatives like electronic bidding, prime vendor programs, and leveraging web and e-commerce technologies. This has streamlined operations and reduced costs while allowing DLA to more efficiently support the vast logistics needs of the military.
From Data to Insights: How IT Operations Data Can Boost QualityCognizant
By leveraging highly-analyzed operational data - the voice of customers, machines and tests - quality assurance (QA) and IT groups can derive major gains in quality of apps and in user experience.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT), which allows physical objects to be connected to the internet and exchange data. It provides background on IoT including its history and purpose of facilitating secure exchange of goods and services. Key aspects of IoT mentioned are that it consists of billions of connected objects, expands connectivity beyond machine to machine to cover various protocols and applications, and refers broadly to devices like sensors that autonomously share collected data.
The document discusses key topics related to the Internet of Things (IoT) including:
1. It defines IoT and lists its main characteristics as intelligence, connectivity, enormous scale, dynamic nature, heterogeneity, sensing, and security.
2. It describes the physical design of IoT including IoT devices and protocols used for communication between devices and cloud servers.
3. It outlines the logical design of IoT including functional blocks, common communication models like request-response, publish-subscribe, and push-pull, as well as communication APIs.
Five Priorities for Quality Engineering When Taking Banking to the CloudCognizant
As banks move to cloud-based banking platforms for lower costs and greater agility, they must seamlessly integrate technologies and workflows while ensuring security, performance and an enhanced user experience. Here are five ways cloud-focused quality assurance helps banks maximize the benefits.
CMOs & CIOs: Aligning Marketing & IT to Elevate the Customer ExperienceCognizant
In the digital sphere, customer behaviors, organizational structures and entire business models are rapidly changing, compelling CIOs and CMOs to collaborate closely and often, and focus on the common goal of delivering consistent and exceptional customer experiences from day one.
Policy Administration Modernization: Four Paths for InsurersCognizant
The pivot to digital is fraught with numerous obstacles but with proper planning and execution, legacy carriers can update their core systems and keep pace with the competition, while proactively addressing customer needs.
Overview of major factors in big data, analytics and data science. Illustrates the growing changes from data capture and the way it is changing business beyond technology industries.
The document discusses how digital transformation is requiring organizations to rethink their datacenter strategies and move to a more distributed approach. It notes that existing inward-focused datacenters cannot accommodate new demands for things like content delivery, real-time analytics, and long-term data archiving. To meet these challenges, the document advocates shifting to an interconnection-oriented architecture and using datacenters in optimal locations that allow for proximity to customers, partners, clouds and the network edge.
This document discusses Oracle's Internet of Things platform for connecting machines and devices. It describes how Oracle provides a complete solution to develop and deploy applications across devices and data centers, manage and analyze large volumes of machine-generated data, integrate device data with enterprise applications, protect data through all stages of processing with security and compliance capabilities, and optimize business operations and innovation with Oracle applications and engineered systems.
This document discusses opportunities for data-driven growth and innovation. It explains that analyzing large amounts of data from various sources (i.e. big data) can provide valuable insights to create new products and services, improve efficiency, and generate new revenue streams. Specifically, it provides examples of how telecom operators can leverage network usage data and customer insights to partner with other industries and monetize consumer data while respecting privacy. Transparency around data usage is important to build customer trust.
The results of our latest study on ‘Smart data transformation,’ carried out with Fraunhofer FIT, are here. In this special research report, we wanted to understand the business benefits, challenges and success factors around this topic, as well as identify key needs to facilitate the effective implementation of smart data transformation.
In our latest piece, we share unique perspectives on how artificial intelligence is amplifying human potential and reshaping business. This article explore 3 fundamental questions:
How will AI shift the expectations of my customers?
How will AI transform the way my competitors run their businesses?
How should my company respond to AI?
Who needs Big Data? What benefits can organisations realistically achieve with Big Data? What else required for success? What are the opportunities for players in this space? In this paper, Cartesian explores these questions surrounding Big Data.
www.cartesian.com
Digitizing Insurance - Transforming Legacy Systems to Adopt Modern and Emergi...RapidValue
This paper explains how insurers can use the digitization (digitalization) opportunity to deliver greater value to their customers. It is also, revealed how the companies can gain competitive advantage. Insurers are able to engage more intensely with the existing customers and also, attract newer customers with the help of innovative products. Digitizing improves profitability and facilitates growth.
Managed IT services are growing rapidly, with the market expected to reach $230 billion by 2018, up from $152 billion in 2014. Two-thirds of organizations currently use some level of managed services. True managed service providers (MSPs) are distinguished by their use of proactive monitoring and management of clients' IT systems and infrastructure. They aim to identify and prevent issues before they occur. Customers should expect high availability, flexibility to adapt to changing needs, and input into developing an IT roadmap from an MSP. MSPs also offer benefits like predictable costs, improved visibility of IT systems, expertise, and enhanced security.
Connected Shipping: Riding the Wave of E-CommerceCognizant
Digital platforms, applications and processes are rapidly changing how shipping and transportation companies operate. Our primary research study confirmed that while acknowledging the importance of a Web-based business model, many shipping companies are proceeding cautiously. Based on our analysis of the e-commerce market and the approaches that some companies are taking, we have defined a maturity framework to help shippers better assess their current capabilities and plan ahead.
This document discusses how a big box retailer utilized big data to improve its business. It outlines the steps the retailer took:
1) It identified where big data could create advantages, such as predictive analytics to forecast sales declines. This would allow the retailer to be more proactive.
2) It built future capability scenarios to determine how to leverage big data, such as using social media data to predict problems.
3) It defined the benefits and roadmap for implementing big data, including investing millions over 5 years for a positive return. Benefits would include more consistent, faster information and insights.
The document provides details on how the retailer methodically planned and aligned its big data strategy to its business needs
In our latest white paper, our expert authors share insights on why an integrated, real-time approach is key to business planning in the digital age. This special report is the great work of our supply chain experts, who are leading some of our firm’s most innovative thinking and solutions with top global clients.
Learn About:
The evolution of planning capabilities in the enterprise
Why an integrated business planning (IBP) framework should include end-to-end business processes across the organization
A view into the different maturity levels an organization can achieve and strategies for developing a digital-driven IBP framework
How companies can get started and accelerate their journey to advanced business planning
The document discusses the Defense Logistics Agency's logistics strategy of working with top IT strategists to deliver technology, materials, and information around the world in a timely manner. It details how DLA has modernized its contracting and procurement processes through initiatives like electronic bidding, prime vendor programs, and leveraging web and e-commerce technologies. This has streamlined operations and reduced costs while allowing DLA to more efficiently support the vast logistics needs of the military.
From Data to Insights: How IT Operations Data Can Boost QualityCognizant
By leveraging highly-analyzed operational data - the voice of customers, machines and tests - quality assurance (QA) and IT groups can derive major gains in quality of apps and in user experience.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT), which allows physical objects to be connected to the internet and exchange data. It provides background on IoT including its history and purpose of facilitating secure exchange of goods and services. Key aspects of IoT mentioned are that it consists of billions of connected objects, expands connectivity beyond machine to machine to cover various protocols and applications, and refers broadly to devices like sensors that autonomously share collected data.
The document discusses key topics related to the Internet of Things (IoT) including:
1. It defines IoT and lists its main characteristics as intelligence, connectivity, enormous scale, dynamic nature, heterogeneity, sensing, and security.
2. It describes the physical design of IoT including IoT devices and protocols used for communication between devices and cloud servers.
3. It outlines the logical design of IoT including functional blocks, common communication models like request-response, publish-subscribe, and push-pull, as well as communication APIs.
Study on Fog Computing and Data Concurrency in IoT. Includes an analysis of different data concurrency techniques, their principle and some recent developments in the area. Also covers the topic of Fog Computing and its development and application in IoT.
F5 Networks: The Internet of Things - Ready InfrastructureF5 Networks
The world of smart devices talking to each other—and to us—is well
underway and here to stay. To connect to the Internet of Things
opportunity, it’s key to design and build networking infrastructures that can handle massive amounts of new data.
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
This document provides an overview of an IoT-based smart irrigation system. It begins with introductions to IoT, explaining what IoT is, why it is useful, and how IoT works. It then describes the key components used in an IoT system, including devices, gateways, cloud infrastructure, analytics, and user interfaces. Specific hardware and software used in the proposed smart irrigation system are also outlined, including sensors, microcontrollers, and programming languages. The document concludes with thanks.
The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as the network of physical objects embedded with sensors that can collect and exchange data. It describes how IoT works using technologies like RFID sensors, smart technologies, and nanotechnologies to identify things, collect data, and enhance network power. It also discusses current and future applications of IoT in various fields, technological challenges, and criticisms of IoT regarding privacy, security, and control issues.
The internet of things (IoT) refers to the network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the internet. IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration between the physical world and computer-based systems in areas like manufacturing, transportation, healthcare, home automation, and more. Key elements of IoT include sensors and actuators to gather real-world data, network connectivity to exchange information, data analysis, and information presentation. IoT improves efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit through real-time data collection and adaptation. However, increased connectivity also presents challenges related to security, privacy and reliability that
¿Cómo puede ayudarlo Qlik a descubrir más valor en sus datos de IoT?Data IQ Argentina
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem and how to extract value from IoT data. It describes how IoT data moves through different layers from devices to connectivity to operations to analytics. At each layer, data takes on different states like in motion, in use, or at rest. To create value from IoT data, it needs to be associated with other data sources and analyzed to gain insights. These insights then need to be shared and acted on. The document promotes Qlik's analytics tools for flexible, scalable analysis of IoT data that can integrate various data sources and enable innovation.
The document requests that study notes not be shared on messaging apps like WhatsApp or Telegram, as the organization generates revenue from ads on its website and app. This revenue funds new study materials and improves existing ones. If people do not use the website and app directly, it hurts the organization's revenue and may force it to close down services. It humbly requests that people stop sharing study materials on other apps and instead share the website URL.
- The document discusses securing the Internet of Things (IoT), where every physical object has a virtual presence and can interact over the Internet.
- Several obstacles stand in the way of fulfilling the IoT vision, including security issues as the Internet and its users are already under attack and constrained IoT devices are vulnerable.
- To implement IoT security successfully, researchers must understand the IoT conceptually, evaluate current Internet security, and develop solutions that can reasonably assure a secure IoT.
Deep Learning and Big Data technologies for IoT SecurityIRJET Journal
The document discusses using deep learning and big data technologies to improve security for Internet of Things (IoT) devices and networks. Specifically, it proposes using deep learning models to analyze large amounts of data from IoT sensors to better detect and classify security threats. This can help identify attacks like botnets and distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks. The document also outlines some common IoT security challenges and how approaches like Apache Hadoop, Spark, and Storm can process large volumes of IoT data to improve real-time monitoring and threat prevention.
A Smart ITS based Sensor Network for Transport System with Integration of Io...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a proposed smart transportation system that integrates Internet of Things (IoT), big data approaches, and cloud computing. The system would use sensors to capture transportation data from vehicles and infrastructure in real-time. This IoT data would generate large volumes of diverse data (the "4Vs" of big data) that could be stored and analyzed in the cloud to provide insights for transportation planning and management. The proposed system aims to combine these technologies to develop intelligent transportation system cloud services to help optimize traffic flow and infrastructure usage.
Internet of Things Presentation to Los Angeles CTO ForumFred Thiel
What are the impacts to our systems and businesses when billions of devices start sharing data? This presentation covers some important statistics about the implications of the coming IoT wave and how it will disrupt those who are not prepared.
Internet of things (IOT) connects physical to digitalEslam Nader
1) The document discusses the topic of Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as a network of physical objects embedded with sensors that can collect and exchange data.
2) The document outlines some key characteristics of IoT including connectivity, data collection, communication, intelligence, and action. It also discusses how IoT works by collecting data via sensors, communicating data through networks, analyzing the data, and taking action.
3) Several potential research topics in IoT are proposed, including applying deep learning for intrusion detection in IoT networks, finding dead zones in large IoT networks, and developing governance models for machine learning algorithms within IoT.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT), which refers to a global network of machines and devices that can interact with each other. It identifies five essential IoT technologies - radio frequency identification, wireless sensor networks, middleware, cloud computing, and IoT application software. It also examines three categories of enterprise IoT applications - monitoring and control, big data and business analytics, and information sharing and collaboration. Finally, it discusses challenges of IoT implementation including data management, privacy, security, and integration complexity.
This document discusses the definition, characteristics, architecture, enabling technologies, applications and future challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT). It provides definitions of IoT, describing it as a network that connects physical objects through sensors and allows them to communicate and share data. It outlines the key enabling technologies that make IoT applications possible, such as wireless technologies, microcontrollers, cloud computing and wireless sensor networks. It also discusses some common applications of IoT and future challenges in areas like scalability, interoperability and security.
Here's how big data and the Internet of Things work together: a vast network of sensors (IoT) collect a boatload of information (big data) that is then used to improve services and products in various industries, which in turn generate revenue.
Similar to Understanding the Information Architecture, Data Management, and Analysis Challenges and Opportunities of the Internet of Things (20)
Using Adaptive Scrum to Tame Process Reverse Engineering in Data Analytics Pr...Cognizant
Organizations rely on analytics to make intelligent decisions and improve business performance, which sometimes requires reproducing business processes from a legacy application to a digital-native state to reduce the functional, technical and operational debts. Adaptive Scrum can reduce the complexity of the reproduction process iteratively as well as provide transparency in data analytics porojects.
Data Modernization: Breaking the AI Vicious Cycle for Superior Decision-makingCognizant
The document discusses how most companies are not fully leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and data for decision-making. It finds that only 20% of companies are "leaders" in using AI for decisions, while the remaining 80% are stuck in a "vicious cycle" of not understanding AI's potential, having low trust in AI, and limited adoption. Leaders use more sophisticated verification of AI decisions and a wider range of AI technologies beyond chatbots. The document provides recommendations for breaking the vicious cycle, including appointing AI champions, starting with specific high-impact decisions, and institutionalizing continuous learning about AI advances.
It Takes an Ecosystem: How Technology Companies Deliver Exceptional ExperiencesCognizant
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Intuition is not a mystery but rather a mechanistic process based on accumulated experience. Leading businesses are engineering intuition into their organizations by harnessing machine learning software, massive cloud processing power, huge amounts of data, and design thinking in experiences. This allows them to anticipate and act with speed and insight, improving decision making through data-driven insights and acting as if on intuition.
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Understanding the Information Architecture, Data Management, and Analysis Challenges and Opportunities of the Internet of Things
1. Understanding the Information
Architecture, Data Management, and
Analysis Challenges and Opportunities
of the Internet of Things
As the hodge-podge of IoT’s connected and instrumented devices
reaches maturity, organizations need a robust enterprise information
architecture to collect, manage and analyze its rich, real-time data.
Here’s how to get started, with a framework, implementation strategy
and use cases.
Executive Summary
We live in an age of information explosion,
driven by technology that has progressed from
monolithic mainframes, to distributed computing,
to on-premises and hybrid distributing computing,
and towards multi-tenant cloud environments.
Further, a new paradigm has emerged where con-
nectivity has a multitude of channels – mobile,
tablets, sensors and monitors – that yield an
abundance of data and intelligence about those
devices and their users.
This interconnected world of disparate devices,
communication and transmission of large
volumes of data across various formats is col-
lectively referred to as the Internet of Things
(loT). The great promise of IoT is that it will
allow these devices (“things”) to provide data
about themselves that can be communicated and
controlled remotely – even automatically. This
allows for more direct integration between com-
puter-based systems and the physical world.
Many have referred to IoT as the third wave of
the Internet’s evolution, moving beyond today’s
widespread mobile access that connects several
billion people, and on to a massive new world of
tens of billions of connected sensors and devices,1
according to Gartner Inc. research. These can
range from smart refrigerators, thermostats,
personal fitness equipment and cars, and on
to heart monitoring implants, railroad safety
monitors, field operation devices in a variety of
industries and even “smart cities.” It is a future
that will require the collection, storage and
real-time analysis of vast amounts of machine
data across various formats.
The question is, how can this powerful new
technology be practically and profitably set up and
deployed to benefit companies and customers? The
cognizant 20-20 insights | april 2016
• Cognizant 20-20 Insights
2. cognizant 20-20 insights 2
purpose of this white paper is to provide insights
on IoT, and to provide a blueprint for practical
courses of action. We’ll look at the following:
• An IoT framework, as it’s key to building blocks
and capabilities.
• Representative use cases by industry.
• An IoT maturity model, which is critical in
gauging adoption approaches.
The IoT Framework
Most of IoT is machine-generated data, so it’s
useful to think of it as a large-scale information
architecture with complex spatial data, extremely
fast speeds of data movement and numerous
data sources.
Device Types
Three types of device data can be comingled with
enterprise data sets to achieve IoT insights. They
include data from the following:
• Consumer home devices: These include items
used on a day-to-day basis by consumers, such
as appliances, meters and sensors that monitor
IoT Framework
DEVICES
Consumer Commercial Industrial
GATEWAYS
Wireless Cellular Ethernet WPAN
DEVICE
SECURITY
Connect Identity Authenticate Encryption
INGESTION,
INTEGRATION &
COMPUTING Event
Streaming
Rules &
Transformation
Third Party APIs Analytical Engine
(Correlation/
Modeling)
Alerts Engine
DATA
STORES
Raw
Streaming
Master (Device
+ Relevant)
Operational
Data
Analytical
Data
Discovery
Data
Time Series
Data
SERVICES
LAYERS
Real Time APIs Semantic Layer Analytical APIs
APPLICATIONS
Device
Operational
KPIs
Device
Performance
Dashboards
Device
Analytical
Applications
CONSUMPTION
Web/Desktops Search & Query Data Analysis Devices
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Figure 1
3. cognizant 20-20 insights 3
and frequently communicate such things as
light and temperature.
• Commercial-grade devices: This covers such
industries as automotive, healthcare, electron-
ics, high-tech and med-tech, where devices
transmit data based on consumer interaction
and usage.
• Industrial-grade devices: These include
devicesthatassistincriticalbusinessoperations
for security, operations, logistics and control.
Examples here are healthcare diagnostic
machines, manufacturing equipment, transpor-
tation logistics, cameras and sensors.
Connectivity
IoT devices can connect to the network using
Bluetooth,cellular,Wi-Fiorahardwareconnection,
sending messages using a defined protocol.
One of the most popular and widely supported
protocols for IoT applications is message queue
telemetry transport (MQTT), but plenty of alter-
natives exist, including constrained application
protocol, XMPP and others.
Security
With the exponential increase in connected
devices interacting and exchanging data with
each other, security solutions are likely to
multiply. There is a need to ensure that com-
munication flows are authentic and authorized,
enabling system and device manufacturers, as
well as service providers, to integrate the right
level of security without compromising the user
experience. Here, it is critical to create layers
of security implementations, integrity checks,
authentication and secure key management at
the device level. Extremely important is the right
level of encryption and tokenization2
to securely
transmit hack-proof sensitive data. This will
become ever more important as IoT matures.
Standardization
In a true IoT system, diverse devices and systems
share information and interact across devices and
business applications. However, industrial control
today is dominated by proprietary interfaces
and equipment designs. Bridging these devices
will require some form of standardization of
messages, data and delivery formats without
disrupting the key functioning of the devices.
Ingestion and Integration
Machines and devices are not traditional IT
systems. In order to realize the full potential of
IoT, they will need to be configured to produce
data themselves, and not merely the other way
around. Integration technology needs to adapt as
well, making sure that it can deal with streaming
and unstructured data, including many instances
where data needs to be processed “in flight” as
it moves from a particular device to data reposi-
tories. And contrary to classical enterprise inte-
gration, IoT integration is based on time-series
processing and data correlation logic, along with
timely data synchronization. This requires a type
of integration where correlation of device data
with other device data leads to immediate noti-
fications. Only with this kind of integration can
users take tactical and strategic actions informed
by IoT intelligence.
Typically, IoT data sources feature velocity and
volume thousands of times greater than social
media sources. To substantiate this hypothesis, if
we take an order of magnitude of even 10 billion
devices, each generating millions of events per
second in click streams, logs, sensory data and
other forms of device data, compared to millions
of responses to posts/tweets on social media per
day (that also depends on the number of posts,
which usually don’t go over five), we can gauge
the disruption IoT brings to the table. It is often
too big to fit in memory – and most types of IoT
data analysis are not summarizations that allow
records to be discarded – which precludes the
use of NoSQL3
database platforms or in-memory
databases. Thus, a distributed platform is needed,
one that can reliably process and store many
gigabytes per second. Many valuable IoT data
sources individually generate tens of gigabytes
of complex records per second without inter-
ruption, and many applications of that data
combine multiple data sources. These records
must be parsed, processed, indexed and stored at
massively fast transmission rates if they are going
to be analyzed in real time or near real time.
Data Layer: Complex Spatial Data Models
and Analysis
A characteristic of most IoT data is that it captures
measurements of the real world. Most of this data
is sourced automatically from smart objects instru-
mented with sensing, computing and communica-
Contrary to classical enterprise
integration, IoT integration is based
on time-series processing and data
correlation logic, along with timely data
synchronization.
4. cognizant 20-20 insights 4
tion capabilities. Events in data streams can be
correlated and contextualized across diverse data
sources, based on when and where they happen.
The data typically involves complex geospatial
geometry, such as the paths people take or the
interactions of different types of sensors. Many
of these spatial data types are complex, and the
analytics are frequently spatial-join operations
across these data sources. Spatial joins involve
ways to link disparate data via context, semantics
or other probabilistic discovery mechanisms
compared to a deterministic approach in relational
database management systems.
It is important to identify the characteristics of
a database that make it suitable for typical IoT
applications. Requirements here fall into these
general categories:
• Device master data repository housing
different types of devices, as well as necessary
relevant information that can be integrated
with other data repositories to gain insights.
• Continuous machine-scale ingestion,
indexing and storage: Even a modest data
source may generate millions of complex
records per second on a continuous basis,
which usually can continuously stream into a
data landing zone for storage and processing.
• Operational (real-time) queries and
analytics, which extract value from IoT data.
This is all about minimizing the latency (time
lag) from data ingestion to online queries and
actionable analytics. For many applications,
the value of the data is highly perishable, with
an exponential decay measured in seconds. IoT
queries and analytics are rarely summariza-
tions, stream processing rarely works and
there is the need to support ad hoc queries in
something like a SQL interface. Depending on
the use case, these queries can be merged into
A characteristic of most IoT data is that it captures
measurements of the real world. Most of this data
is sourced automatically from smart objects instru-
mented with sensing, computing and communica-
tion capabilities. Events in data streams can be
correlated and contextualized across diverse data
sources, based on when and where they happen.
The data typically involves complex geospatial
geometry, such as the paths people take or the
interactions of different types of sensors. Many
of these spatial data types are complex, and the
analytics are frequently spatial-join operations
across these data sources. Spatial joins involve
ways to link disparate data via context, semantic
or other probabilistic discovery mechanisms
compared to a deterministic approach in relational
database management systems.
It is important to identify the characteristics of
a database that make it suitable for typical IoT
applications. Requirements here fall into these
general categories:
• Device master data repository housing
different types of devices, as well as necessary
relevant information that can be integrated
with other data repositories to gain insights.
• Continuous machine-scale ingestion,
indexing and storage: Even a modest data
source may generate millions of complex
records per second on a continuous basis,
which usually can continuously stream into a
data landing zone for storage and processing.
• Operational (real-time) queries and
analytics, which extract value from IoT data.
This is all about minimizing the latency (time
lag) from data ingestion to online queries and
actionable analytics. For many applications,
the value of the data is highly perishable, with
an exponential decay measured in seconds. IoT
queries and analytics are rarely summariza
Industry Representative Use Case
Manufacturing A manufacturing company can use all the data generated, processed and
gathered from IoT devices not only to implement manufacturing lean principles
but also to fine-tune methodologies, concepts (including Six Sigma), processes
and strategies to finally achieve maximum output with minimum input. Instances
where enablement can be provided include:
• Real-time operational KPI monitoring of machine diagnostics for performance,
breakdown and timely maintenance extending its usability and throughput.
• Provides 360-degree visibility into shop floors, supply chains, warehouses and
distribution, delivering real-time data streams that can be used to identify new
patterns, optimize processes, gain and maintain complete operational control
and drive new levels of efficiency across the manufacturing industry and
adjacent sectors.
Insurance Many automobile insurers can gain added insight into the driving habits of their
customers. Through the use of smart devices within customer vehicles, insurers
now have access to a breadth of data that will allow them to provide more
personalized service while simplifying their processes. By combining diverse
spatial data on vehicle speed, road conditions, accidents, driving distance,
time of day, weather conditions and vehicle make, insurers are able to build
new offerings, improve services and provide usage-based plans for better risk
coverage and smoother claims processes. Risks can be reduced with more
timely and accurate data.
Healthcare Health risks can be averted, and costs contained, via remote patient monitoring
of wearable devices for vital conditions, with data streamed quickly to
provide timely insights into patient progress. If there is a need for immediate
medical attention, real-time notifications can be sent to the nearest hospitals
or pharmacies.
Potential IoT Uses Across Industries
Figure 2
5. cognizant 20-20 insights 5
one type of database, or be kept separately in
their respective work areas.
• IoT data is all about spatio-temporal relation-
ships and join operations. To support speed
and scale, there is the need for a true spatial
database for normal complex operations, or a
true time-series database for very simple uses.
• Supporting data platforms for discovery.
Consuming Patterns for IoT: Real-Time
Operational Queries and Analytics
IoT implementations typically require timely
queries of live ingested and historical data.
The resulting analytics are not summariza-
tions of data sets or simple event graphs, nor
are they stream processing. This is real time in
the sense of an online transaction processing
(OLTP) database, without the complex trans-
actions, and requiring much greater scale.
The challenge of typical IoT architectures is not
that different from other technologies. The issue
revolves around finding components for the
architecture that weave together the above capa-
bilities simultaneously.
Potential Use Case Variants
Many excellent use cases and technology patterns
abound across industries, several of which are
good candidates for an IoT implementation.
Figure 2 (on page 4) details some of the possi-
Level Description Causes
0:
Use-Case-Based
Pilot Integration
Based on a use case, device
data will be integrated with the
enterprise ecosystem with the
right tenancy (on-premises/
cloud).
Synergies of device data are not yet
established and opportunities for seamless
integration are still in discovery mode.
1:
Stabilization
The ecosystem of device data
and enterprise data has been
harmonized with some level of
repeatable synergy successes.
Some multi-tenancy options are
in the exploration stage.
Device data has established some level
of integration with enterprise data, with
optimization in latency, storage and analysis.
2:
Standardization
Device data has been
standardized in acquisition,
integration and consumption
patterns. Coexistence with
enterprise data repositories is in
place, with tenancy guidelines.
Repeatable synergies and learnings ensure
that there are defined standards and norms
for onboarding device data from acquisition
to analysis. This ensures timeliness of the
onboarding-to-analysis process. There is some
interoperability among various resources and
data providers and consumers.
3:
Optimization
Onboarding, availability and
consumption of all device data
across NoSQL, master data
management (MDM) stores,
enterprise data platforms and
other types of data platforms
are available without much
delay, to address operational and
strategic insights on devices.
Organizations are continuously measuring
effectiveness of nonfunctional service level
agreements for device latency and operational
metrics, and are discovering newer insights to
enhance operability. Optimizations in effective
data access, integration and analytics is
accomplished.
4:
Governance
Agile governance to manage
technology, data and analytical
paradigms for newer devices,
their operational metrics and
analytical metrics are well
orchestrated with well-defined
guidelines for tenancy.
Device data is a governable asset and has
a defined set of processes and procedures,
especially when it comes to managing device
data assets with the right architectural patterns
and tenancy decisions. More increased focus is
on resource discovery, reasoning and knowledge
extraction on existing and new devices.
IoT’s Evolution, from Inception to a Well-Optimized State
Figure 3
6. cognizant 20-20 insights 6
bilities. In each case, potential technology consid-
erations include advanced analytics, in-memory
(high-speed computing), real-time ingestion, data
layer and semantic standardization of devices via
APIs and ontologies.
Assessing IoT Maturity
The various steps in maturity of an entire
IoT ecosystem involve realizing the optimal
synergy among such elements as devices,
sensors, networks, data repositories and stan-
dardization APIs, all with seamless integration,
and offering the ability to serve different types
of analytics. This synergy is illustrated by the
maturity progression shown in Figure 3 (on
preceding page).
Making Sense of Critical Technology
Intersections
There are numerous data management technolo-
gies that must be coordinated to enable proper
IoT functionality. Figure 4 details what these
technologies can accomplish and future potential
considerations for optimizing IoT deployments.
In dealing with large volumes of distributed
and heterogeneous IoT data, issues related
to interoperability, automation and data
analytics will require common description
and data representation frameworks
and machine-readable and machine-
interpretable data descriptions.
Technologies IoT Consideration
Real-Time
Ingestion
• Continuous streaming of IoT device data in raw form. Potential technology
candidates for this category include open source: Apache Kafka.
• Near-real-time event processing with some transformation, filtering and deci-
sion-driving rules. Apache Kafka or Flume with Yarn and HBase are potential
candidates for this category.
• Complex event processing with correlations and aggregations at ultra-low
latency. SPARK with HBase and HDFs usually work better in this space.
Data
Repository
There are several options for storing IoT data. Depending on the needs for
throughput, latency and volume to add new event data types, NoSQL for the
lower latency and higher throughput and HDFS for batch mode analysis can be
considered. Time-series databases are also gaining popularity due to latency-based
analysis having high performance and clustering demands.
In-Memory
(High-Speed
Computing)
Operational intelligence for IoT requires a computing platform that can store, update
and continuously analyze data sets representing dynamic real-world entities or
business assets. In-memory computing, which can perform these functions at scale
and with extremely low latency, provides the computing power required.
Advanced
Analytics
Here, there is the need for a scalable machine-learning library consisting of
algorithms and utilities - including classification, regression and clustering – to
perform predictive analytics on large sets of device data. Depending on the
scalability and provisioning needs, the same could be done in a cloud environment.
In-memory analytics technologies such as SAP HANA and SPARK6
are potential
technology candidates here.
Semantic
Integration
To achieve IoT standardization, organizations will need a more intelligent way to
enable new devices to be recognized and profiled and to be able to transmit data
that can be consistently interpreted. A semantic model enabling rapid onboarding
via right device ontology and evolving rapidly without much overhead will provide
value here. In dealing with large volumes of distributed and heterogeneous IoT
data, issues related to interoperability, automation and data analytics will require
common description and data representation frameworks and machine-readable
and machine-interpretable data descriptions. Data annotations and semantic
descriptions can be used at different levels, and semantic annotations can be
applied to various resources in the IoT.
IoT Technology Challenges/Solutions
Figure 4
7. cognizant 20-20 insights 7
Looking Forward: Recommended
Approach
To leverage the IoT’s virtues, organizations need
an implementation framework informed by best-
of-breed use cases, influenced by a strategy
guided by continuous maturing, from technology
selection through implementation and testing
and ongoing refinement and governance. To
achieve these goals, we advise organizations to:
• Consider best-of-breed use cases. Each in-
dustry is unique; they rarely rely on the same
types of platforms. Moreover, most big data
management platforms are unable to ac-
commodate the scale and required real-time
speed of IoT. Custom implementations, each
built with specific technologies, are typically
required to bring IoT to its most effective ma-
turity.
• Determine agreed-upon standards of
connectivity and security. This is nec-
essary to ensure a viable IoT future,
one that can communicate and collabo-
rate rather than exist in ecosystem silos.
Assess appropriate technologies for par-
ticular uses. Integration and coexistence
of technology, platforms and locations is
critical since there is no one technology or
platform that can solve all IoT challenges
and requirements. Further, each of the par-
ticular functions of an IoT implementa-
tion – data gathering, storage, high-speed
computing and analytics – requires unique
sets of technologies best suited to the task.
Start small. There is a natural progression in
an IoT implementation, which should start with
a pilot use case. (For more, read “Transcend-
ing the Hype: A Transformative IoT Emerges.”)
Maturity and success will develop as device
data is added to the enterprise ecosystem, and
will progress through optimization and agile
governance.
Within the discipline known as the Internet
of Things, the opportunities inherent in
real-time data gathering, analysis and action
are abundant. Those companies that stake out
an IoT position in their respective industry
sectors will find themselves ahead of the com-
petition in product development, customer
service, risk avoidance and predictive analytics.
Footnotes
1 http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3165317.
2 A process where a sensitive piece of data is substituted by its nonsensitive equivalent to prevent misuse
of confidential information.
3 A NoSQL database environment is, simply put, a non-relational and largely distributed database system
that enables rapid, ad-hoc organization and analysis of extremely high-volume, disparate data types.
4 A high-volume, low-latency throughput open source message brokering engine for real-time data feeds.
5 A column-oriented database more suited for sparse data sets simplifying storage and performance needs
for data querying and analysis.
6 An open source engine that combines SQL, streaming and complex analysis at high processing speeds.