The document discusses the design approach and methodologies for water supply systems, including hydrology, design guidelines, water supply planning, raw water intake, water treatment, water transmission, distribution, storage, pumping, and reticulation. It provides an overview of the key aspects of designing a water supply system from sourcing raw water to treating and distributing potable water to consumers. The document is intended as a module for a civil engineering course to teach students practical design knowledge and skills for water supply infrastructure.
A sample lab report on Marshall method of mix design for bituminous mixtures with all calculations.
Please request with your mail ID if you want to download this document.
CONSTRUCTION OF DISTRICT CONTROL BUILDING, CENTRAL STORE BUILDING & 33/11KV POWER SUBSTATION CONTROL ROOM AT CHAPRA,BIHAR
An Internship Report submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree
of
B.Tech (Civil Engineering)
by
VIJAY KUMAR SINGH
13BCL0001
VIT UNIVERSITY
VELLORE – 632 014, TAMILNADU
Industrial Training report Civil Engineering.JAPJEETSINGH13
Industrial training report for civil engineering major training final year. All rights to the images, blueprints and content is reserved.
Only available for educational purposes.
Well this is my first presentation in the slide share. In this presentation i have mentioned about the concept of water quality and guidelines for it in with the perspective to human health and its management in Nepal.
Suggestion and feedbacks are really welcome.
A sample lab report on Marshall method of mix design for bituminous mixtures with all calculations.
Please request with your mail ID if you want to download this document.
CONSTRUCTION OF DISTRICT CONTROL BUILDING, CENTRAL STORE BUILDING & 33/11KV POWER SUBSTATION CONTROL ROOM AT CHAPRA,BIHAR
An Internship Report submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the degree
of
B.Tech (Civil Engineering)
by
VIJAY KUMAR SINGH
13BCL0001
VIT UNIVERSITY
VELLORE – 632 014, TAMILNADU
Industrial Training report Civil Engineering.JAPJEETSINGH13
Industrial training report for civil engineering major training final year. All rights to the images, blueprints and content is reserved.
Only available for educational purposes.
Well this is my first presentation in the slide share. In this presentation i have mentioned about the concept of water quality and guidelines for it in with the perspective to human health and its management in Nepal.
Suggestion and feedbacks are really welcome.
In Aleg, Mauritania, especially in the rural areas where there is no supply of
treated water for drinking and other domestic uses, natural surface water is the only
source. The objective was to assess the water quality of natural sources of water in
the rural areas of the BRAKNA region (in the south-west of the country) using a water
quality index (WQI) for different seasons. A total of 40 samples, that is, 20 in winter
and 20 in summer were collected from different sources for physicochemical analysis,
and a WQI was calculated. Twenty-seven parameters were evaluated (Rrgaonkar and
V. Deshpande et al. 2007).
Follow-up and physicochemical analyzes made it possible to determine the WQI
index. The results obtained show that raw water from Lake Aleg is classified in the
category "Unsuitable" (undesirable).
The overall quality of the waters is strongly influenced by the alternation of
seasons of the year. Correlation analysis showed a perfect correlation between WQI
and water turbidity (r = 0.999). This made it possible to specify the turbidity as a
factor of deterioration in the quality of the lake water
Pia, an intern with BIOME Trust evaluates possibilities and risks with sewage water reuse. She does this in the context of the Jakkur lake in the North of Bangalore. The aim of the project was to study the nitrate levels of the treated water flowing through Jakkur Lake from the BWSSB sewage treatment plant situated at the inlet, and thereby value the function of the lake as a wastewater treatment and a groundwater recharging system.
The mouth dynamics of non-permanent open/shut estuaries (TOCEs) assume
a key part in their general functioning. In this examination, the impact of the inlet
state (closed versus open) on spatial fluctuation of water quality was surveyed in a
briefly open/closed Muttukadu Backwater . Samplings were carried out in two periods
during closed (May to August) and open phases (January to December and October to
December). The water samples were collected from 9 stations during open and total
closure conditions and analyzed for the physico-chemical characteristics. After the
closure of mouth, it is found that increase in salinity and dissolved oxygen decreases in
the backwater which in turn lead to fish kill. Nutrients in the estuarine system
demonstrate high values amid closure condition and get diluted when the mouth is
opened. The present outcomes recommend that the high nutrient supply from the
upper ranges to the estuary is because of the Industrial outlet, Crab farming and
tourism prompting Eutrophication when the sand bar is shut . Since the system is
shallow, it is clear that there is a build up of pollutants in stations 4, 5 and 6 . It is
observed that after the closure, the fishing activity is greatly affected due to the
change in water quality.
Civil v-hydrology and irrigation engineering [10 cv55]-notesSuryenn Edwie Mon
WRE: UNIT–I:
Surface Water Hydrology: Water Resources in India, Hydrology in water Resources Planning –Precipitation – Types,
Measurement of rainfall, Average depth of rainfall over an area, Mean annual rainfall, consistency of rainfall record, Double
mass curve; Infiltration – Factors affecting and its determination, Evaporation and Evapo-Transpiration. Runoff – factors
affecting runoff, methods of determination of runoff, stream gauging.
UNIT-II:
Hydrograph analysis: Base flow separation, Unit Hydrograph – Hydrograph of different durations, applications of unit
hydrograph, S-hydrograph, Flood Forecasting Techniques.
Ground Water Hydrology: Mechanics of interstitial flow, definitions, sub surface distribution of water, types of aquifers,
ground water movement, Darcy’s law, Well hydraulics – steady flow into wells in Un-confined and confined aquifers,
determination of hydraulic properties of aquifer, pumping test and recuperation test methods for determination of yield of
open well.
UNIT-III:
Reservoir Planning: Types of reservoir investigations for reservoir planning, selection of site for a reservoir, zones of
storage in a reservoir, reservoir yield, mass curve and demand curve, determination of reservoir capacity, yield from a
reservoir of given capacity, operating schedules, guide curve for reservoir operation, apportionment of total cost of a multi
purpose project, reservoir sedimentation, control of reservoir sedimentation, useful life of a reservoir.
UNIT-IV:
Irrigation: Definition of irrigation, types of irrigation systems – direct and indirect, lift and inundation irrigation system,
methods of irrigation – surface and sprinkler methods, drip irrigation, Soil moisture constants, depth of water held by soil in
root zone. Water requirements of crops, Duty, Delta, Base period and their relationship, crop seasons, factors affecting duty
and methods of improving duty, consumptive use of water, determination of canal capacities for cropping patterns.
UNIT-V:
Canal Systems: Classification of irrigation canals – canal alignment, design of unlined canals, regime theories – Kennedy’s
and lacey’s theories, tractive - force method, design problems – balancing depth of canal.
Change Management For Building Information Modelling (BIM)Ir. Abdul Aziz Abas
Change Management for Building Information Modelling (BIM) addressing the challenges, advantages, implementation process strictly used for educational purposes.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
2. PREFACE WATER SUPPLY
Preparation for life…
• As a module of the Integrated Design Project course for the Bachelor of
Civil Engineering programme, Faculty of Civil Engineering, UiTM, Shah
Alam
This program will provide basic overview of all aspects of Water Supply
design approach and methodologies
Mar 2010 2
3. PREFACE WATER SUPPLY
Benefit
• UNDERSTANDING the subject of Civil Engineering in wider perspective,
inter-relation with other subjects influencing the performance of Engineering
works and challenges.
• ACQUIRRING cutting edge practical design knowledge & skills that last
forever in the world of ever-changing infrastructural engineering.
• DEVELOPING your engineering knowledge significantly and permanently.
• PROVIDING your dashing factor (distinguish factor) for better chance of
employment upon graduation.
• EXPAND your employment versatility in an ever-changing marketplace.
• WINNING at the office and in daily job with the power of practical skill.
• ADVANCING your career as an Engineer.
• GAINING LEVERAGE by demonstrating knowledge of engineering in a
multi-disciplinary context.
Mar 2010 3
4. CONTENTS WATER SUPPLY
1. Introduction
2. Hydrology
3. Design Guidelines
4. Water Supply Planning
5. Raw Water Intake
6. Water Treatment
7. Water Transmission
8. Water Distribution
9. Water Storage
10. Water Pumping
11. Water Reticulation
12. Typical Drawings
Contents
Mar 2010 4
6. 1 INTRODUCTION WATER SUPPLY
Definition
Water is a ubiquitous chemical substance that is composed of hydrogen
and oxygen and is vital for all known forms of life
Water supply is the process of self-provision or provision by third parties in
the water industry, commonly a public utility, of water resources of various
qualities to different users
Water Supply System is facilities for the collection, treatment, storage,
and distribution of water
Mar 2010 6
7. 1 INTRODUCTION WATER SUPPLY
Overview of World Water Supply
Source: UNDP. Data as of 2006
7
Mar 2010 7
8. 1 INTRODUCTION WATER SUPPLY
Malaysian Water Authority
MINISTRY OF FINANCE (MOF) KEMENTERIAN TENAGA, TEKNOLOGI HIJAU DAN AIR (KeTTHA)
Ministry of Power, Green Technology And Water
SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA (SPAN) Regulator
National Water Services Commission
WSIA 2006
PENGURUSAN ASET AIR BHD (PAAB)
Water Asset Management Company (WAMCO)
Facilities Licensee SPAN’s Representatives
WATER SUPPLY SERVICES SEWERAGE SERVICES
ALL STATES
PERLIS KEDAH P.PINANG PERAK SELANGOR PAHANG
IWK
JKR SADA PBA LAP SYABAS JBA
Service Licensee
T’GANU N.SEMBILAN MELAKA JOHOR K’TAN
SATU SAINS SAMB SAJ AK
Design Guidelines
SPAN as the technical and economic regulator and set out the function and powers of SPAN
WSIA provides the legal framework required for the regulation of the water and sewerage service industry 8
PAAB Water asset owner
8
Mar 2010 8
9. 1 INTRODUCTION WATER SUPPLY
Typical Water Supply System
Mar 2010 9
11. 2 HYDROLOGY WATER SUPPLY
Hydrological Cycle
11
Mar 2010 11
12. 1 HYDROLOGY WATER SUPPLY
Suitable raw water source Non-Suitable raw water source
(low contamination) (high contamination)
Concept of Raw Water Source 12
Mar 2010 12
13. 1 HYDROLOGY WATER SUPPLY
Raw Water Intake
Impounding
reservoir
Water Shed (Catchment Area) 13
13
Mar 2010 13
14. 1 HYDROLOGY WATER SUPPLY
Impounding Reservoir
14
14
Mar 2010 14
16. 3 DESIGN GUIDELINES WATER SUPPLY
Typical Water Demand Guidelines
Water Demand Criteria
Type of Water Demand Demand Criteria
Housing 1.6 CuM/unit/day
Hotel 1.5 CuM/room/day
Commercial 6.0 CuM/Acre/day
Industrial 20.2 CuM/Acre/day
Ships Supply* 160 CuM/Ship
Port Area (Incl. ships supply)* 6.0 CuM/Acre/day
16
16
Mar 2010 16
17. 3 DESIGN GUIDELINES WATER SUPPLY
Water Quality Guidelines
National Guidelines for Raw Drinking Water Quality Secondary Drinking Water Standards
(Revised December 2000)
Parameter Symbol Benchmark Contaminant Secondary Standard
Sulphate SO4 250 mg/l Aluminum 0.05 to 0.2 mg/L
Hardness CaCO3 500 mg/l Chloride 250 mg/L
Nitrate NO3 10 mg/l Color 15 (color units)
Must not be detected in any 100 ml Copper 1.0 mg/L
Coliform - Corrosivity noncorrosive
sample
Manganese Mn 0.1 mg/l Fluoride 2.0 mg/L
Chromium Cr 0.05 mg/l Foaming Agents 0.5 mg/L
Iron 0.3 mg/L
Zinc Zn 3 mg/l
Manganese 0.05 mg/L
Arsenic As 0.01 mg/l
Odor 3 threshold odor number
Selenium Se 0.01 mg/l pH 6.5-8.5
Chloride Cl 250 mg/l Silver 0.10 mg/L
Phenolics - 0.002 mg/l Sulfate 250 mg/L
TDS - 1000 mg/l Total Dissolved
500 mg/L
Iron Fe 0.3 mg/l Oxygen
Copper Cu 1.0 mg/l Zinc 5 mg/L
Lead Pb 0.01 mg/l Source: EPA Standard
Cadmium Cd 0.003 mg/l
Mercury Hg 0.001 mg/l
Source : Ministry of Health, Malaysia Note: US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
guidelines
17
17
Mar 2010 17
18. 3 DESIGN GUIDELINES WATER SUPPLY
Typical Design Criteria
• Water Distribution Max Pressure Zones ≤ 40 m (S’gor)
Max Pressure Zones ≤ 60 m (JKR)
• Transmission Pipeline Residual Pressure ≥ 1 bar
Velocity ≤ 1.0 m/sec
Max Test Pressure = 15 bars
• Water Storage Minimum ; 1-day
Maximum ; 3-day
Suction Tank ; 1/3 x Demand
Service Tank ; 2/3 x Demand
• Pumping System Velocity ≤ 1.0 m/sec
Max head ; Pump curves
• Reticulation Pipelines Head loss ≤ 2m / km
Velocity ≤ 0.6 m/sec
Residual Pressure ≥ 7.5m above HSL
Hydrants Pressure ≥ 1.0 bar
• Minimum pressure in a 5 psi (0.35 bar)
system 18
18
Mar 2010 18
19. 3 DESIGN GUIDELINES WATER SUPPLY
Typical Water Supply System
TREATMENT STAGE
DISTRIBUTION STAGE
CONSUMPTION STAGE
Rp ≈ 3m
Rp ≈ 3m
Pressure
Zone ≤ 40m
Balancing
Reservoir Max Pressure Zone = 40m
Rp ≥10m
Rp ≥7.5m
Rp ≥10m
Velocity ≤1m/s Break
Tank
P
Service Rp ≥7.5m
Suction Tank
Tank
Rp ≈ 3m Service area Rp ≥10m
P Hydrants
Treatment Work Velocity ≤2.5m/s
TRANS. Velocity ≤1m/s
PIPELINE Velocity ≤0.6m/s Velocity ≤0.6m/s
PUMPING
(Inter-resv) TRANSMISSION PIPELINE MAIN RETICULATION PIPES
Intake
19
Mar 2010 19
21. 4 WATER SUPPLY PLANNING WATER SUPPLY
Development Masterplan
Mar 2010 22
22. 4 WATER SUPPLY PLANNING WATER SUPPLY
Landuse
Ultimate Water Demands
Ultimate
projected
Demand
year 2040
Mar 2010 23
23. 4 WATER SUPPLY PLANNING WATER SUPPLY
Non Revenue Water
High NRW rate @ 42%, Pahang State 37% - 70% Connection leak
- 20% Pipe burst
- 10% Others
Average NRW Asian Countries = 30%
Average (Developed Countries+ Asean) = 23%
Target = 25%
Mar 2010 24
29. 5 RAW WATER ABSTRACTION WATER SUPPLY
Cereh Dam
Cereh Dam
PROJECT
SITE
Sg. Kuantan Water Catchment Area
15km
Sg. Kuantan
Semambu
Treatment Work
10km
Kuantan
Kg. Kobat Baru
Water Intake
Mar 2010 31
30. 5 RAW WATER ABSTRACTION WATER SUPPLY
Raw Water Intake
Intake structure
Wier
By-pass
Q abstraction = Ultimate Demand + Plant Use
Mar 2010 32
31. 5 RAW WATER ABSTRACTION WATER SUPPLY
Raw Water Intake
Intake structure
Q abstraction
Raw Water Transmission pipeline
To WTP
Intake station Headwork Bridge
Platform Level = 100 years flood level Overflow
gate
Suction level
Q abstraction = Ultimate Demand + Plant Use
Mar 2010 33
33. 6 WATER TREATMENT WATER SUPPLY
Cereh Dam
Cereh Dam
PROJECT
SITE
Sg. Kuantan Water Catchment Area
15km
Sg. Kuantan
Semambu
Treatment Work
10km
Kuantan
Kg. Kobat Baru
Water Intake
Mar 2010 35
34. 6 WATER TREATMENT WATER SUPPLY
Typical Water Treatment System
Aerator
36
Mar 2010 36
35. 6 WATER TREATMENT WATER SUPPLY
Water Treatment Plant
1
3
Aerator 2
4
4
5
5
3 2 1
Mar 2010 37
36. 6
Supply of potable water WATER TREATMENT WATER SUPPLY
Water Treatment Plant
1
3
Aerator 2
4
4
5
5
3 2 1
Incoming raw water Mar 2010 38
43. 8 WATER DISTRIBUTION WATER SUPPLY
Water Supply Zones
6
Suit development phasing
5 Reliable distribution system
Construction cost effective
3 Ease of maintenance
1 Control of NRW
2
4
Mar 2010 45
44. 8 WATER DISTRIBUTION WATER SUPPLY
Hydraulics & Service
Coverage Consideration
Balancing Tank
Residual
Pressure
Residual
Pressure Residual
Pressure
Supply Zone 1 Supply Zone 2 Supply Zone 3
Service coverage Service coverage Service coverage
Mar 2010 46
45. 8 WATER DISTRIBUTION WATER SUPPLY
Centralised Service Tank &
Pressure Analysis
Mar 2010 47
46. 8 WATER DISTRIBUTION WATER SUPPLY
To Cherating
(future) Main Distribution Pipes Network
R7
R5 5
Timur
R4
R2
R9
R8
Balancing Tank
R1
LEGEND
R3 Distribution Pipes Network
Storage Tank
Transmission pipeline
From Treatment
To Kuala Lumpur
Plant
Mar 2010 48
49. 9 WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY
Water Storage Demands
Ultimate
Established projected
Storage Storage
Demand Demand
Mar 2010 51
50. 9 WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY
To Cherating
(future) Distribution of Storage Tanks
R1 + R2 + R3 + …………. + R9 = 1 Day Storage
R7
R5 5
Timur
Mandatory requirement
R4
R2
R9
R8
R1
R3
LEGEND
Proposed Storage Tank
Balancing Tank
From Treatment
To Kuala Lumpur
Plant
Mar 2010 52
51. 9 WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY
Mass-balance Analysis
Aim
To establish a balance flow system
Q in = Q out
Q Demand
Vt Q in Volume in
To determine Q out Volume out
Qp Volume Pumping
1. Suction Tank Size
2. Elevated Tank Size
3. Transmission (incoming) flow period
4. Transmission pipeline size
Vs P Qp Q out
Q in
Vs = 1/3*Q Vt = 2/3*Q
Mar 2010 53
52. 9 WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY
Typical Water Storage Structures
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53. 9 WATER STORAGE WATER SUPPLY
Typical Water Storage Application
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55. 10 WATER PUMPING WATER SUPPLY
Purpose
Water have two main purposes:
• Transfer of liquid from one place to another place
• Circulate liquid around a system
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56. 10 WATER PUMPING WATER SUPPLY
Purpose
Residual
Pressure
Residual
Pressure
Pressure booster Vacuum point
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57. 9 WATER PUMPING WATER SUPPLY
Water Pumping Analysis
Positive Suction Head hsafety
Arrangement
hvd HT = Hd - Hs
hfd
HT Total Pumping Head
hpd = Atm. pressure hv Vapour Head
hf Friction Head
hp Pressure Head
h Static Head
hsafety Safety Head
Hd Total Discharge
Hd Hs Total Suction
hd
Elevated Service Tank
Suction Tank
hvs
Hs hps = Atm. Pres.
Q out
Q in hs
hfs P
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58. 9 WATER PUMPING WATER SUPPLY
Water Pumping Analysis
Negative Suction Head hsafety
Arrangement
hvd HT = Hd + Hs
hfd
HT Total Pumping Head
hpd = Atm. pressure hv Vapour Head
hf Friction Head
hp Pressure Head
h Static Head
hsafety Safety Head
Hd Total Discharge
Hd Hs Total Suction
hd
Suction Tank Elevated Service Tank
P
hs
Q out
Q in Hs hvs
hfs hps = Atm. Pressure
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59. 10 WATER PUMPING WATER SUPPLY
Water Pumping Analysis
Pump Operating Point
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60. 10 WATER PUMPING WATER SUPPLY
Water Pumping Analysis
HT
Qp
Typical Pump Curve & Selection of pump Mar 2010 63
62. 11 WATER RETICULATION WATER SUPPLY
Water Supply Zone 5
4
3
Draw off
Node
5
Reticulation pipes Draw off
In loop system
R5
Service Tank Draw off
8
R5 2
6
1
7 9
12 10
Reticulation pipes
In loop system
11
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63. 11 WATER RETICULATION WATER SUPPLY
Zone 5 - Water Demand Calculation
Zone 5 – Ultimate Demand (Year 2040)
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64. 11 WATER RETICULATION WATER SUPPLY
Critical Scenario Consideration
Dominant Flow
Case 1 (Fire Flow) : Average Flow + Fire Flow
Case 2 (Peak Flow) : Average Flow x Peak Factor
Consider Dominant Flow for water reticulation analysis
Thus,
Case 1 : (19,175.50 CuM/day x 1000/24/3600 ) + 2 (22.5 lit/sec) = 267 lit/sec
Case 2 : (19,175.50 CuM/day x 1000/24/3600) x 2.5 = 555 lit/sec
Hence,
Peak Flow condition is dominant
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68. 11 WATER RETICULATION WATER SUPPLY
Reticulation Pipes Network
BWL 32.0 Bottom Water Level 32.0m ODL
R5 Service Tank R5
R5
BWL 32.0
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69. 11 WATER RETICULATION WATER SUPPLY
Overall Water Supply System
R7
LEGEND
Transmission Pipeline
Distribution Pipelines
R5
External Storage Tanks
Main Reticulation Pipelines
Timur
R6
R4
R2
R9
R8
R1
R3
WATER DEMANDS
From Treatment
To Kuala Lumpur
Plant TANKS SCHEDULE
Mar 2010 74