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Flowers Varying Rates of Transpiration By Lora Hammon Background Every plant drinks, or absorbs water through  it’s stem or capillary (Krueger). The water goes up the stem into the  flower and leaves, through the process of photosynthesis and evaporation, is  called transpiration . Transpiration is the driving force of plants to suck  up  water into it’s capillaries as water is evaporating out of it’s leaves and flowers (Barker, 1998). Some plants are larger, some are smaller, some with thicker  stems, some thin and/or brittle stems. Some plants have varying leaves and flowers sizes. These factors may effect the rate of transpiration.  Discussion The data indicates that the prediction was incorrect. Surprisingly, the first observed appearance of blue food coloring after six hours was on  two of the white roses. At twelve hours the third rose, two carnations and one daisy was observed to have blue coloring on it’s pedals. At eighteen hours  blue coloring was observed on the third daisy and  a carnation . The first appearance of blue coloring did not appear on the pedals of the spider mums until thirty six, forty two and forty eight hours. Over time, it was observed that all the flowers continued to have higher concentrations of blue coloring on it’s pedals., with the rose having the most  coloring overall.  Controlled variables were the amount of water, the temperature of the water , the amount of  blue food coloring drops added to the water, length of  each stem. Uncontrolled variables were the amount of observed appearance of blue food coloring over time. Variables that  were not considered, were the diameters of each stem, the amount of  leaves and the diameters of each leaf. Future experiments could include  stems of the same type flower cut at the different lengths. Methods Placed in a vase was forty eight fluid ounces of water. One hundred drops of blue food coloring was then added to the water. The temperature of water was observed to be 48.6 degrees Fahrenheit at the time the experiment began. Three separate experiments was conducted by having  three of each type of flower.  The experiment was conducted on a total of four different species of flowers; spider mum, rose, daisy and carnation. All of the flowers chosen for the experiment were white.  Each of flower’s stem was cut at eighteen inches and at the same time.  They were all placed in the water at as a bunch at the precisely 5:45 pm on November 2, 2010.  I closely observed all the flowers for a forty eight hour period. I monitored the flowers for the first six hours at one hour intervals. The flowers were closely examined for the appearance of blue food coloring on the pedals of each flower. Question How do different plants with varying flowers; shape, size and amounts of pedals, affect the rate of transpiration? : Hypothesis The rates of transpiration will vary because circumference  area  dictates the  flowers ability to draw water up its stem. This will be demonstrated by the amount of blue food coloring appearing in the pedals of each flower. Results Prediction The largest flower the spider mum, will have the strongest ability to draw water up it’s stem and will have the fastest rate of transpiration,. This is because the spider mum has the largest circumference area, with a measurable diameter of six inches. The smallest flower, the white rose, will demonstrate  the slowest  rate of transpiration rate because its diameter is only one inch and has the smallest circumference area. Blue food coloring will begin to appear in the pedals of the spider mum in a couple of hours, it will be more than twelve hours before blue food coloring will begin to appear in the pedals of the white rose. Conclusion The data indicates that different plant species will have varying rates of transpiration. The data showed  that flowers with the smallest circumference area  have faster rates of transpiration and larger flowers with larger circumference area swill result in slower rates of transpiration.  Qualitative Results: References Barker, M. (1998). Understanding transpiration—more than meets the eye. Journal of Biological Education, 33(1), 17-20. Krueger, G. Retrieved November 12, 2010 from http://www.professorgizmo.com/Meet_the_Giz.html

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Ufo rate of transpiration

  • 1. Flowers Varying Rates of Transpiration By Lora Hammon Background Every plant drinks, or absorbs water through it’s stem or capillary (Krueger). The water goes up the stem into the flower and leaves, through the process of photosynthesis and evaporation, is called transpiration . Transpiration is the driving force of plants to suck up water into it’s capillaries as water is evaporating out of it’s leaves and flowers (Barker, 1998). Some plants are larger, some are smaller, some with thicker stems, some thin and/or brittle stems. Some plants have varying leaves and flowers sizes. These factors may effect the rate of transpiration. Discussion The data indicates that the prediction was incorrect. Surprisingly, the first observed appearance of blue food coloring after six hours was on two of the white roses. At twelve hours the third rose, two carnations and one daisy was observed to have blue coloring on it’s pedals. At eighteen hours blue coloring was observed on the third daisy and a carnation . The first appearance of blue coloring did not appear on the pedals of the spider mums until thirty six, forty two and forty eight hours. Over time, it was observed that all the flowers continued to have higher concentrations of blue coloring on it’s pedals., with the rose having the most coloring overall. Controlled variables were the amount of water, the temperature of the water , the amount of blue food coloring drops added to the water, length of each stem. Uncontrolled variables were the amount of observed appearance of blue food coloring over time. Variables that were not considered, were the diameters of each stem, the amount of leaves and the diameters of each leaf. Future experiments could include stems of the same type flower cut at the different lengths. Methods Placed in a vase was forty eight fluid ounces of water. One hundred drops of blue food coloring was then added to the water. The temperature of water was observed to be 48.6 degrees Fahrenheit at the time the experiment began. Three separate experiments was conducted by having three of each type of flower. The experiment was conducted on a total of four different species of flowers; spider mum, rose, daisy and carnation. All of the flowers chosen for the experiment were white. Each of flower’s stem was cut at eighteen inches and at the same time. They were all placed in the water at as a bunch at the precisely 5:45 pm on November 2, 2010. I closely observed all the flowers for a forty eight hour period. I monitored the flowers for the first six hours at one hour intervals. The flowers were closely examined for the appearance of blue food coloring on the pedals of each flower. Question How do different plants with varying flowers; shape, size and amounts of pedals, affect the rate of transpiration? : Hypothesis The rates of transpiration will vary because circumference area dictates the flowers ability to draw water up its stem. This will be demonstrated by the amount of blue food coloring appearing in the pedals of each flower. Results Prediction The largest flower the spider mum, will have the strongest ability to draw water up it’s stem and will have the fastest rate of transpiration,. This is because the spider mum has the largest circumference area, with a measurable diameter of six inches. The smallest flower, the white rose, will demonstrate the slowest rate of transpiration rate because its diameter is only one inch and has the smallest circumference area. Blue food coloring will begin to appear in the pedals of the spider mum in a couple of hours, it will be more than twelve hours before blue food coloring will begin to appear in the pedals of the white rose. Conclusion The data indicates that different plant species will have varying rates of transpiration. The data showed that flowers with the smallest circumference area have faster rates of transpiration and larger flowers with larger circumference area swill result in slower rates of transpiration. Qualitative Results: References Barker, M. (1998). Understanding transpiration—more than meets the eye. Journal of Biological Education, 33(1), 17-20. Krueger, G. Retrieved November 12, 2010 from http://www.professorgizmo.com/Meet_the_Giz.html