The document discusses different strategies for scheduling TV programs to maximize viewership, including inheritance, pre-echo, and hammocking. Inheritance involves airing a new or lesser known show after a popular one to inherit its audience. Pre-echo schedules a show before a popular one in hopes viewers will tune in early. Hammocking places a show between two popular ones to benefit from both inheritance and pre-echo. Channel loyalty involved airing the most popular shows in a row to retain viewers for the whole night, but this ended with more channel options fragmenting audiences.

1. TV SCHEDULING
Factors that can affect when a programme is shown.

2. Inheritance
■ A programme is shown after a popular programme in order to attempt to inherit (or
keep) the audience from the programme shown before it.
■ This is often used particularly with new programmes in order to try to make them as
successful as possible due to the peak viewing numbers tuning in to watch the
programme before it.
■ These examples show an extremely popular programme being followed up with a
lesser known or new programme, an attempt at audience inheritance.

3. Pre-Echo
■ This technique is used when the programme is scheduled before a popular programme
in a hope that the audience may be tuning in early and therefore see the earlier
programme, like it and then watch the full thing next week.
■ This is generally considered to be riskier than other tactics due to people not always
bothering to tune in early.
■ Both of these examples have a popular programme placed after a lesser programme
and in one example both are of the same genre which increases the chances of success
due to the target audience matching between both programmes.

4. Hammocking
■ Hammocking is where a programme is placed in-between two popular programmes in
order for it to benefit from both Inheritance and Pre-Echo.
■ This therefore is the safest way to schedule programmes however it requires a lot of
faith in the established audiences of the other two programmes.
■ The examples show uses of hammocking, especially the one which shows Eastenders
and Strictly Come Dancing (two insanely popular BBC programmes) surrounding a
slightly lesser well known programme.

5. Channel Loyalty
(Ended with Audience Fragmentation)
■ In days before technological convergence (ie digitalTV) there were substantially less
channels competing for a share of the viewership of the time.This therefore meant
that every channel received a large viewership by default but also that they were
directly in competition with each other.
■ The competition was heightened by the fact that channels such as BBC One and ITV
would show similar programmes at the same time. In peak time, such as a Saturday
night, each channel would show their most popular programmes in a row in order to
try to retain the audience for the whole night with the the theory that viewers would
be loyal and not change channel.
■ However this ended with technological convergence which led to more channels with
more niche target audiences which then in turn led audience fragmentation.