This document provides information on how to format citations and references in APA style. It discusses citing sources in-text, including one, two, three or more authors. It provides examples of citing journal articles, book chapters, books, and web documents. It also reviews formatting for the reference list, such as capitalization rules and using "et al." The document aims to teach writers how to properly attribute others' work when writing research papers or articles in APA style.

1. APA Citation Format
• Using another person’s idea, opinion, or theory; any
facts, statistics, graphs.
• Quotations of another person’s actual spoken or
written words; or paraphrase of another person’s
spoken or written words.
• Give credits to original author(s) by including BOTH
in-text citation AND full reference at the end of your
paper.
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2. APA Citation Format
• Anderson, A. K., Christoff, K., Panitz, D., De Rosa, E., & Gabrieli, J. D. E.
(2003). Neural correlates of the automatic processing of threat facial signals.
Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 5627–5633.
• Surname / Last name: Full form
• Given / First name: Short form + dot
• “&” before the last author
• Title of article: Capitalize the first letter of the first word
• Name of journal article: Capitalize the first letter of the key words + italic
• Number of volume: italic
• Page number: Not italic
• End with period
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3. APA Citation Format—Journal article
• For journal article with only 1 author:
▫ Anderson, A. K. (2005). Affective influences on the attentional
▫ dynamics supporting awareness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General,
154, 258–281.
• For journal article with 2 authors:
▫ Armony, J. L., & Dolan, R. J. (2002). Modulation of spatial attention by fear-
conditioned stimuli: An event-related fMRI study. Neuropsychologia, 40, 817–
826.
• For journal article with 3 or more authors:
▫ Anderson, A. K., Christoff, K., Panitz, D., De Rosa, E., & Gabrieli, J. D. E.
(2003). Neural correlates of the automatic processing of threat facial signals.
Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 5627–5633.
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4. • Book chapter
▫ Chow, T. W., & Cummings, J. L. (2000). The amygdala and
Alzheimer’s disease. In J. P. Aggleton (Ed.), The
amygdala: A functional analysis (pp. 656–680). Oxford,
England: Oxford University Press.
• Book
▫ Shipley, W. C. (1986). Shipley Institute of Living Scale. Los
Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.
• Web document
▫ Degelman, D., & Harris, M. L. (2000). APA style
essentials. Retrieved May 18, 2000, from Vanguard
University, Department of Psychology Web
site: http://www.vanguard.edu/faculty/ddegelman/index.cfm
?doc_id=796
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APA Citation Format—Other Resources

5. In-text citation in APA
Example 1
Cite 3 articles written by the
same author(s)
Only include surname and year.
NEVER include other details such
as affiliation (e.g., title – doctor,
professor…or the university of the
authors) and the name of the
journal

6. In-text citation in APA
Example 2
Separate 2 citations by ;
comma before &
(when there are more than 2
authors)

7. In-text citation in APA
Example 3
The first citation of work done by up to 5 authors must include the surname of
all authors. Citation thereafter just includes the surname of the first author, and
then put “et al.”

8. In-text citation in APA
Example 4
Always include quotation mark and page number for direct quotation
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9. In-text citation in APA
Example 5
If the citation is a part of the sentence,
use “and” instead of “&”
Make every citations clear
Don’t say “some researchers
have previously proposed…”
The full form (rejection sensitivity) was described before the
short form (RS) was used

10. Before you go, some quick questions…
1. A research tells you that her main goal is to understand mental
processes as the combination of basic elements. It is most likely that
she finds the historical roots of her research in…
a. Functionalism
b. The humanistic perspective
c. Structuralism
d. The evolutionary perspective

11. 2. The definition of psychology focuses on both…
a. behaviors; structures
b. behaviors; mental processes
c. mental processes; functions
d. mental processes; structures

12. Reference
• Ross, L. D., Amabile, T. M., & Steinmetz, J. L.
(1977). Social roles, social control, and
biases in social-perception processes.
Journal of personality and social psychology,
35(7), 485.