African trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness, is caused by a parasite transmitted through bites from infected tsetse flies. The disease progresses from initial infection to invasion of the central nervous system, causing neurological problems like confusion and personality changes. If left untreated, it is fatal. Tsetse flies live in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa, and the disease is most common where these flies are found. Symptoms include neurological issues and weight loss as the parasite accumulates in the brain and body. Diagnosis involves examining samples of blood, fluid, or cerebrospinal fluid under a microscope for the parasitic protozoa. There is no vaccine, so prevention focuses on minimizing exposure to tset