The document summarizes key topics in AI and cybersecurity discussed by Liming Zhu, Research Director at CSIRO's Data61 and Conjoint Professor at UNSW. It highlights the need for trustworthy and responsible AI practices, as well as trusted collaborative intelligence and digital infrastructure. The role of AI is evolving from using data and examples to discover emerging capabilities, and oversight will need to scale with AI. Large language models will also become more sophisticated products and services, requiring new techniques for tuning and operations.

1. Australia’s National Science Agency
Liming Zhu
Research Director, CSIRO’s Data61
Conjoint Professor, UNSW
Trends & Innovation
Cyber and Digitaltech
Innovate to Grow 2023
All pencil drawings in this presentation are created by AI

2. ”Directional” Combinatorial Innovation
AI/ML Cyber
Human
Distributed
Trust
Trustworthy AI/Data
Ecosystem
Human-Centred
Cybersecurity
Trustworthy/Federated
AI/Agents/Identity
Responsible AI
Sovereign Identity &
Transaction
Trustworthy AI Practices
& Supply Chains
Trusted Collaborative
Intelligence
Trustworthy Digital
Infrastructure

3. Can We Harness AI?
3 |
https://www.goodtechthings.com/pile-of-complexity/

4. The Evolving Role of AI
4 |
intentions -> agents
• data foraging/synthesis
• emerging capabilities
• scalable (AI) oversights
https://medium.com/@itamar_f/software-3-0-the-era-of-intelligent-software-
development-acd3cafe6cd7
https://karpathy.medium.com/software-2-0-a64152b37c35
requirements -> build
examples -> discover
Future directions
• Guardrails
• Radical observability
• Understand rather than build
at the system-level

5. One More Thing – Here Come the LLMs
5 |
Lu, Q., Zhu, L., Xu, X., Xing, Z., Whittle, J., 2023. Towards Responsible AI in the Era of ChatGPT: A Reference
Architecture for Designing Foundation Model-based AI Systems. https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.11090

6. Your Upcoming Journey of “AI Transformation”
6 |
“Talk to Your Data” -> Sophisticated LLM-based Products/Services
“Zero-gradient Infrastructure” -> Sophisticated LLM Tuning/Ops
Lu, Q., Zhu, L., Xu, X., Xing, Z., Whittle, J., 2023. A Framework for Designing
Foundation Model based Systems https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.05352v1